Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; therapy ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic ; therapy

Objective To analyze the clinical features of immunoglobulin A(IgA) nephropathy(IgAN) occurring in the context of pre-vious acute glomerulonephritis.Methods The clinicopathologic features of 108 cases(77 males,31 females,aged 3.2 to 14.0 years old) of IgAN were analyzed restrospectively with the onset of acute glomerulonephritis in this department from Jan.1994 to Dec.2005.Results Of 108 cases with IgAN,10 cases were with the onset of acute glomerulonephritis. All the 10 cases presented with edema, hematuria and proteinuria.Eight cases had macroscopic hematuria, lasting for 2 days to 2 months.Four cases had recurrent macroscopic hematuria,microscopic hematuria lasting for 16 months.Urine protein qualitative +-+++ lasted for 1-8 months.Two cases had hypertension;2 cases had increasing blood uria nitrogen and serum creatinine.The increase of anti-streptolysin O(ASO) titer was detected in 5 of 9 cases.Two cases had a high titer of DNase-B antibody, and 4 cases had hypocomplementemia.Eight cases had prodromal infection with an interval time varying from 1 to 5 days.Renal biopsies revealed mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis in 9 cases and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in 1 case, all with mesan-gial IgA deposition.Conclusions The interval time between the prodromal infection and nephritis symptoms is mostly short in IgAN with the onset of acute glomerulonephritis, while macroscopic and microscopic hematuria remain a fairly long time or recurrently aggravate. Renal biopsy is necessary to diagnose IgAN for this kind of children.

Objective To analyse incidence of the severe complications of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and the influence on the outcome of pregnancy.Methods A retrospective study of 4107 cases among 71 020 cases who delivered in hospitals from 1995 to 2004 in Guangzhou was conducted. Results The morbidity of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy was 5.78%,in which the morbidity of severe pre-eclampsia was 27.78% (1141/4107),of mitis pre-eclampsia was 72.22% (2966/4107). Maternal mortality rate was 0.19% (8/4107),and the specific mortality rate was 11.26/100 000.The proportion of severe complications of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy from high to low was as follows:placental abruption 1.68% (69/4107),DIC 1.36% (56/4107),hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy induced cardiopathy(induced cardiopathy) 1.05% (43/4107),renal failure 0.97% (40/4107),cerebrovascular accident 0.58% (24/4107),and hemolysis,elevated liver enzymes and low platelet (HELLP) syndrome 0.51% (21/4107).Mortality caused by severe complications of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy were as follows:cerebrovascular accident 17% (4/24),HELLP syndrome 10% (2/21),DIC 5% (3/56) and induced cardiopathy 2% (1/43).The proportion of perinatal mortality from severe complications were as follows:placental abruption 43% (33/77),HELLP syndrome 42% (10/ 24),DIC 34% (22/64),renal failure 25% (11/44),cerebro vascular accident 24% (6/25)and induced cardiopathy 16% (8/49).Conclusions (1) The morbidity of severe complications from high to low are: placental abruption,DIC,induced eardiopathy,renal failure,eerebro vascular accident and HELLP syndrome.(2) The main causes of mortality for gravida and puerperant are:cerebro vascular accident, HELLP syndrome,DIC and induced cardiopathy.(3) The major complications harmful to perinatal newborns are in the order of:placental abruption,HELLP syndrome,DIC,renal failure,eerebro vascular accident and induced cardiopathy.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of magnesium sulfate, Nifedipine Tablet (NT) combined Salvia Injection (SI) on endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), thromboxane A2(TXA2), prostacyclin I2(PG2), and hemorheology of preeclampsia patients.

METHODSTotally 704 preeclampsia patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 352 cases in each group. All patients were treated with magnesium sulfate combined NT (on the first day: slow intravenous injection of magnesium sulfate 5 g + intravenous dripping of magnesium sulfate injection 10 g + oral administration of NT 30 mg; on the second and third day, intravenous dripping of magnesium sulfate injection 10 g + oral administration of NT 30 mg), while those in the treatment group were dripped with SI additionally at 20 mL per day for 3 consecutive days. Before and after treatment plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), TXA2, PGi2, and hemorheology indicators [such as high blood viscosity (HBV), low blood viscosity (LBV), plasma viscosity (PV), erythrocyte rigidity index (ERI), fibrinogen (FIB)] of two groups were detected.

RESULTSCompared with the same group before treatment, serum levels of ET-1, TXA2, HBV, LBV, PV, ERI, and FIB decreased in the two groups after treatment (P <0. 05), but levels of NO and PG2 increased (P <0. 05). Compared with the control group in the same period, levels of ET-1, TXA2, HBV, LBV, PV, ERI, and FIB decreased in the treatment group after treatment (P <0. 05), but levels of NO and PGI2 increased (P <0. 05).

CONCLUSIONMagnesium sulfate, NT combined SI could effectively regulate the balance of ET-1/NO and TXA2/PGI2, and improve hemorheology of preeclampsia patients.

Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Epoprostenol ; metabolism ; Female ; Hemorheology ; Humans ; Injections ; Magnesium Sulfate ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Nifedipine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Pre-Eclampsia ; drug therapy ; Pregnancy ; Salvia ; Tablets ; Thromboxane A2 ; metabolism

The study aimed to investigate the effects of small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) specific protease 1 (SENP1) on human PXR-mediated MDR1 transcriptional activity and mRNA expression. Empty vector and expression plasmids, including PXR, SENP1 and SENP1 mutant (SENP1m) were transiently transfected into HepG2 and LS174T cells using Lipo2000. Transcriptional activity was detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay, and mRNA level was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that SENP1 could remarkably reduce the rifampicin (RIF)-induced MDR1 reporter activity and mRNA level in hPXR over expressed HepG2 and LS174T cells (P < 0.05), whereas adding SENP1m restored the RIF-induced increases (P < 0.05). These results indicated that SENP1 could repress the RIF-induced hPXR-mediated MDR1 transcriptional activity and mRNA expression.
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Sub-Family B ; metabolism ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; Endopeptidases ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor ; RNA, Messenger ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; metabolism ; Transcriptional Activation

Objective To investigate the changes of thyroid hormone in peritoneal dialysis patients and analyse its impact factors, as well as the therapeutic effects of small dose of thyroxine.Methods 150 uremic patients in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital from December 2013 to December 2014 were selected, 70 cases of uremia non-dialysis patients were divided into group A, while 80 uremia peritoneal dialysis for more than half a year were divided into group B.70 cases healthy examinees during the same period in our hospital were selected as control group ( group C ) . The total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), hemoglobin (Hb), serum albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), serum creatinine (SCr), C reactive protein (CRP) and left ventricular ejection fraction ( LVEF) , subjective global assessment of nutritional act ( SGA) and other indicators were detected in three groups.Patients in group B were divided into two sub-groups according to thyroid hormone levels: B1 group had normal thyroid level while B2 abnormal.And the administration of small dose of thyroid hormone was given to patients in group B2, and the effect of the administration was evaluated by the above indexes.Results The FT3 in group A and B were significantly lower than that in group C (P<0.01).There were significant differences of levels of ALB, CRP, SGA between group B1 and group B2, and the FT3 level in group B was significant correlated with SGA, ALB, LVEF(r=0.815,P<0.001;r=0.780,P<0.001;r=0.953,P<0.001).After treated with small dose of thyroid hormone, FT3 and LVEF were improved while FT4, TSH, ALB, SGA, CRP were not improved in group B2.Conclusion The thyroid hormone level in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis decreases which is dominated with FT3.The decreased thyroid level is significantly correlated with nutrition ( ALB, SGA) and left ventricular function.The administration of small dose of thyroid hormone can improve the left ventricular systolic function.

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of serum carrying Fortune's drynaria rhizome chomocor on proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblast of new-born SD rats. Methods (1) Preparation of serum carrying Fortune's drynaria rhizome chromocor: Fortune's drynaria rhizome chromocor was administered once everyday for continuous 12 days to 12 months old female SD rats. Blood was obtained from aorta. (2) Creation of the experiment model; Isolated the osteoblast from the neonatal SD rats' calvaria by using enzyme digestion twice, subcultured. The third passage of cultured osteoblast was chosen as the experiment model. (3) Index; ①The proliferation capacity of osteoblast: detected by method of MTT. ②The differentiation activity of osteoblast: detected by the alkaline phosphatase assay (PNPP) and the amount of ostecalcin (radioimmunoassay). ③The mineralization activity of osteoblast: detected by counting mineral deposites under 40× microscope after chinalizarin staining. Results Serum carrying Fortune's drynaria rhizome chromocor stimulated proliferation of osteoblast of new-bom SD rats in vitro, promoted the excretion of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalsin, and increased the formation of the mineral deposites. Conclusions Fortune's drynaria rhizome chromocor can stimulate proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblasts and promote the bone formation.

Objective To explore the effects of different vitamin A(VA) levels on thyroid cells apoptosis and its gene expression of mice taking excessive iodine. Methods Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to body weight 3 weeks after born: normal control(NI) group, high iodine(HI) group, low vitamin (LVA) group, high iodine plus low vitamin A(HI+LVA) group, high iodine plus vitamin A1 (HI+VA1) group, high iodine plus vitamin A2(HI+VA2) group. The VA was given in food(4000,4000,0,0,8000,16 000 U/kg), and the iodine was given as potassium iodate in water (I-:50,3000,50,3000,3000,3000 μg/L). The apoptosis was tested using in situ end labehng(TUNEL) method. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to measure the level of mRNA of apoptosis gene(Fas, FasL, Bcl-2) in tissues. Results Apoptotic index measured by TUNEL method was rising along with the mice age. Compared to NI group[(14.09±5.68)%], apoptotic index was significantly increased in HI[(20.91±9.57)%], HI+LVA[(20.29±9.90)%]and HI+VA2 [(19.51±8.25)%]groups in the three months(P < 0.05). Compared to NI group[(16.80±9.90)%], apoptotic index was significantly increased(P < 0.05) in HI[(23.22±8.58)%],LVA[(22.56±6.17)%],HI+LVA [(25.99±9.62)%],HI+VA1 [(21.65±7.74)%]groups in the six months. Compared with the NI group(Fas: 1.29±0.25,1.27±0.26; FasL: 1.60±0.13,1.65±0.13), the mRNA levels of Fas and FasL in HI group(Fas: 1.57±0.36,1.49±0.35; FasL: 1.85±0.46,1.84±0.32) were increased, but the differences were not remarkable(P > 0.05) in the three and six months. Compared with the HI group, the mRNA levels of Fas in HI+ VA1, HI+VA2(1.33±0.35, 1.30±0.26) groups were decreased to the level in NI group in the six months. The mRNA levels of Fas and FasL were not different (P > 0.05) between HI+LVA(I.60±0.27,1.88±0.46) and HI groups in the three months. The mRNA levels of Bcl-2 were not remarkably differences in the three months (1.05±0.19,0.96±0.33,0.95±0.26,1.18±0.27,1.10±0.19,0.98±0.36, all P > 0.05), and in the six months (1.35±0.28,1.60±0.25,1.48±0.18,1.71±0.26,1.66±0.29,1.56±0.35, all P > 0.05). Conclusions Excessive iodine can cause thyroid cells apoptosis in mice. Supplementation of suitable amount of VA can regulate the levels of the apoptosis-related genes expression, and partly antagonize the apoptosis caused by high iodine.

The rate of corneal graft rejection is still high for high-risk keratoplasty although immune suppression drug is routinely used.The role of traditional Chinese medicine in corneal transplantation is concerned gradually.Heijingpaichitang on the prevention and treatment of rats with high-risk corneal allograft rejection needs further study.Objective This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heijingpaichitang on high-risk corneal transplantation immune rejection in rats.Methods Sixteen female SD rats were used as the donors and 32female Wistar rats were served as recipients.The high-risk corneal trasplantation models were established by corneal suture in 32 Wistar rats,and then homogeneity variant SD-Wistar corneal transplantation was performed.The recipients were randomized into model control group,cyclosporinc A (CsA)group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA +heijingpaichitang group.CsA,heijingpaichitang and CsA + heijingpaichitang was orally administered 4 days after operation once per day for 15 days,and normal saline solution was used at the same way in the model control group.Ocular anterior segment reaction was examined under the slit lamp and corneal opacification,edema and neovasculation were scored based on Larkin' s criteria.Rejection index of the corneal graft was recorded and the graft survival time was calculated.The pathological examination of the corneal graft was carried out in all rats,and the inflammatory cells in the corneas and CD4+ cells in the periphery blood were assayed using flow cytometry.The use of the animals complied with ARVO Statement.Results Corneal graft rejection occurred in 10 days after operation in the model control group,12-13 days in the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group and 22 days in the CsA +heijingpaichitang group.Compared with model control group,the scores of the corneal opacification,corneal edema and neovascularization were significantly lower in the CsA group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group (P＜0.05),and all the scores were declined in the CsA+ heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＜0.01),but no significant differences were seen in the scores between the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＞0.05).The mean survival time of grafts was (10.38 ±1.69)days in the model control group,(22.50 ± 3.07) days in the CsA + heijingpaichitang group,with the significant difference (t =-9.790,P =0.000).The pathological examination of graft showed that the lymphocytes and new blood vessels were less in the CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group 15 days after operation.Flow cytometry verified that the number of lymphocytes in graft,CD4+cells and CD4+/CD8+ in periphery blood were significantly lower in the heijingpaichitang group,CsA group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with model control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Heijingpaichitang can inhibit immune rejection to certain extent in high-risk corneal transplantation rat and has a similar effect to 0.1％ CsA.Heijingpaichitang and 0.1％ CsA have a synergistic effect.

Objective To study the correlation between interrupter technique to measure airway resistance and routine pulmonary function(Raw).Methods Using Dyn′R spirometer measure Raw and FVC,PEF,MEF_ 75,MEF_ 25,MEF_ 25～75,and calculate correlation coefficient.Results There was a negative correlation between Raw and FVC, PEF, MEF_ 75,MEF_ 25,MEF_ 25～75(r