Objectives To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of patellar plica under arthroscopy.Methods A retrospective survey was performed in 75 cases with patellar plicas under arthroscopy from Jun.2008 to June.2012.All patients were admitted by the clinic.All the patients diagnosised by arthroscopy and clinical evidence, and cuted off under arthroscopy.After the operation, patients were followed-up in the clinic and by telephone for 12 to 60 months, according to the knee joint Lysholm scoring system to assess curative effect.Results All the patients with successful operation, the operation time was 15-25 minutes.All cases after the operation without complications such as infection, quicker recovery of joint function.After 12 to 60 months, 70 patients were followed up, the knee joint Lysholm excellent score was 92.9％.Conclusions Inferior patellar plica under is a type of knee joint synovial plica syndrome, the arthroscopic surgery can determine diagnosis and do effective treatment.

Objective:To analyze the genetic test results and ultrasonographic markers of 41 fetuses with short femurs and their relationship.Methods:This study retrospectively analyzed 41 fetuses who were diagnosed with short femurs by ultrasound during 19-37 gestational weeks and underwent prenatal genetic examination at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to June 2019. According to the results of genetic examination, these cases were divided into three groups after excluding three cases of variants of unknown significance: genetically normal group, chromosome variation (including chromosomal aneuploidy and pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variations) group, and gene mutation (including pathogenic or likely pathogenic gene mutations) group. According to the head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL), Z FL, FL/HC, FL/AC, ΔZ H-F and ΔZ H+A-2F for each fetus were calculated. One-way ANOVA and LSD- t test were used for statistical analysis. Results:(1) Among the 41 fetuses with short femurs, there were 28 in the genetically normal group, five in the chromosome variation group, three with chromosome variations of unknown significance and five in the gene mutation group. (2) In the genetically normal, chromosome variation and gene mutation groups, Z FL values were -2.78±0.77, -4.36±0.69 and -4.69±0.70; FL/HC ratios were 0.178±0.011, 0.170±0.010 and 0.131±0.022; FL/AC ratios were 0.197±0.013, 0.186±0.011 and 0.151±0.017; ΔZ H-F values were 2.49±1.09, 3.53±1.28 and 8.17±1.30; ΔZ H+A-2F values were 4.44±2.00, 6.78±2.20 and 14.28±1.26, respectively. The differences in Z FL values between the genetically normal group and the chromosome variation group as well as the gene mutation group were statistically significant (both P<0.05); so were the differences in FL/HC, FL/AC and ΔZ H-F values between the gene mutation group and the genetically normal group as well as the chromosome variation group (all P<0.05) and in any pairwise comparison of ΔZ H+A-2F among the three groups (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The genetic etiology of fetal short femurs is mainly related to chromosomal variations (including chromosomal aneuploidy and pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variations) and gene mutation. In fetuses with chromosome variation and gene mutation, the degree of the femoral development delay relative to the development of HC and AC is worse than that in the normal genetic results group.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adenomyoepithelioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Suitable pretreatment of biological samples can truly reflect the role of law of the measured components played in the body and will provide experimental evidence for the studies on metabolic process, material basis of efficacy, mechanism of action, pharmacology, toxicology and the others. Biological samples include blood, urine, hair, tears, etc. There are also many samples processing methods, such as the direct protein precipitation, liquid-liquid extraction and solid phase extraction and so on. These methods could be used alone or combined.
Animals ; Body Fluids ; chemistry ; Chemical Precipitation ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical ; methods ; Humans ; Liquid-Liquid Extraction ; Proteins ; isolation & purification ; Solid Phase Extraction

In order to investigate the characteristics of transdermal delivery of ferulic acid under the treated of microneedle arrays and the influence on permeability of rat skin capillaries, improved Franz-cells were used in the transdermal delivery experiment with the rat skin of abdominal wall and the length of microneedle arrays, different insertion forces, retention time were studied in the influence of characteristics of transdermal delivery of FA. The amount of FA was determined by HPLC system. Intravenous injection Evans blue and FA was added after microneedle arrays treated. Established inflammation model was built by daubing dimethylbenzene. The amount of Evans blue in the rat skin was read at 590 nm wavelength with a Multiskan Go microplate reader. Compared with passive diffusion group the skin pretreated with microneedle arrays had a remarkable enhancement of FA transport (P <0.01). The accumulation of FA increased with the enhancement of insertion force as to as the increase of retention time. Microneedle arrays with different length had a remarkable enhancement of FA transport, but was not related to the increase of the length. The research of FA on the reduce of permeability of rat skin capillaries indicated that the skin pretreated with microneedle arrays could reduce the content of Evans blue in the skins of rat significantly compared with the untreated group. The permeation rate of ferulic acid transdermal delivery had remarkable increase under the treated of microneedle arrays and the length of microneedle arrays ,the retention time so as to the insertion force were important to the transdermal delivery of ferulic acid.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Coumaric Acids ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Needles ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin Absorption

Objective To explore the value of Gadofluorine M,a novel M RI enhancement agent,in the diagnosis the early radiation brain injury.Methods Seventy-two Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 equal groups.To establish the radiation injury model,the rat's posterior brain was irradiated with 0(blank controls),25,35,45,55,and 65 Gy,respectively.After irradiation MR plain scanning and Gadofluorine M enhancement scanning (after the T1WI and T2WI scanning Gf at the dosage of 0.1 mmol/kg was injected intravenously and scanning was performed again 12 h later) were performed once a week for 8 weeks.Another 12 rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to exposure to 55 and 65Gy,respectively,and MR scanning was performed once a week for 8 weeks since the third week after MR.After T1WI and T2WI scanning Gd-DTPA was injected intravenously,MR was conducted again 30 min later,and Gf was injected intravenously (Gd-DTPAenhancement and Gf enhancement contrast).The MR image and the pixel count were compared.Since the third week 2 rats from the Gf enhancement scanning group and 1 rat from the Gd-DTPA enhancement and Gf enhancement contrast were killed after MR with their brains taken out to undergo pathological examination.Results No abnormal signal changes were found in MRI in 25 and 35 Gy groups within 2 months after irradiation.A high signal in the Gf enhancement T1 WI image was found in 45,55,and 65 Gy groups within the period of 4-6 weeks after radiation.The signal intensity was significantly higher than that of the control,25,and 35 Gy groups(F =2.15,P <0.05).The emerge time of this signal was negatively correlated with the dose of radiation(r =-0.62,P < 0.05).When there was no obvious change was found by Gd-DTPA enhancement,a high signal representing change of injury could be found in Gf enhancement in the same rat.The signal intensity was significantly enhanced in Gf enhancement compared to the Gd-DTPA enhancement (F = 2.74,P <0.01).Histopathology examination of the 65 Gy group showed frosted degeneration in part of the region,however,no obvious necrotic damage was found in other groups.Conclusions The Gf enhancement change appears before histopathological changes,it helps discover early radiation injury in brain.Compared to the regular MRI and Gd-DTPA enhancement,Gadofluorine M enhancement has obvious advantage and is worth further research and application.

Objective To study the protein expression profiles in stegnotic and normal segment of Hirschspning disease (HD) and find the differentially expressed proteins. Methods Immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to isolate the proteins from stegnotic and normal segment of HD. After the samples were treated with silver staining,ImageMaster 2D Platinum analysis software was used to analyze the differentially expressed proteins. Results Repeatable 2-DE profiles were obtained. The mean matching rates of the stegnotic and normal mucosa were 78.1% and 86.7%,respectively. Totally, 103 spots of differentially expressed proteins were screened out between the stegnotic and the normal segment of HD. Conclusion Good reproduuibility and resolution could be obtained in the tissues of HD by applying immobilized pH gradient two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Screened differentially expressed proteins may provide the candidates of the markers for early detection of HD.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the optimum extraction process of compound Nanxing pain-relieving cataplasm through orthogonal design and pharmacodynamic experiment

METHODThe orthogonal experiment method was adopted to optimize the ethanol extraction process with Angelica dahurica, Ligusticum chuanxiong and other herbs. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of extracts from volatile oil in such herbs as syzygium aromaticum with different extraction processes were compared by tail pain tenderness test and food-pad swelling in mice, in order to optimize the extraction process of extracts from volatile oil in such herbs as syzygium aromaticum.

RESULTThe optimum extraction process of A. dahurica, L. chuanxiong and other herbs for compound Nanxing pain-relieving cataplasm were as follows: adding 8-fold amount of 70% alcohol, extracting for 2 times with 1.5 h each time. The 95% ethnol extracts of syzygium aromaticum and other herbs had more effect in the increasing the threshold of pain and the inhibition of toe swelling of mice than volatile oil obtained from steam distillation as well as volatile oil and water decoction obtained from steam distillation.

CONCLUSIONThe method is simple and reliable that it can provide technical reference for the development of modern preparations of compound Nanxing pain-relieving cataplasm.

Analgesics ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Chemical Fractionation ; methods ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Mice ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Pain ; drug therapy

To establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of geniposide, genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside and geniposidic acid in rat brains and study the brain pharmacokinetics of the three iridoid glycosides in stroke rat after the oral administration of Xingnaojing. In this experiment, brain samples were precipitated with protein for twice. Acquity BEH C18 column was adopted, with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid-water as the mobile phase for gradient elution. ESI source was adopted for mass spectra; multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was conducted to detect negative ions. The time for sample analysis was 3.5 min. the results showed good linear relations among the three iridoid glycosides, with the extraction recovery between 99.6% and 114.3%, good intra- and inter-day precisions and accuracies and stability in line with the requirements. The t1/2 and MRT in the three components were similar in brains of stroke rats. Geniposide and genipin 1-O-beta-D-gentiobioside showed double peaks; where as geniposidic acid showed a single peak. In conclusion, the method is so specific, sensitive, accurate and reliable that it can be used to study the brain pharmacokinetics of Xingnaojing oral preparation.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Stability ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Iridoids ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

The stability of melittin in different solvents (water, deoxygenated water, physiological saline, PBS, 50% ethanol, ethanol, glycerol)was studied and the results showed that the stability of melittin is not influenced by light, temperature and pH in 50% ethanol, which melittin can be completed dissolved when compared with ethanol and glycerol, in such, 50% ethanol was chosen as solvent storage when measured content of melittin. Then the effect of different concentrations of PBS, the pH of PBS and rat skin ho- mogenates were tested, and the results showed that melittin was degraded rapidly at low concentration solution and low ionic strength. Increasing pH of PBS and rat skin homogenate can accelerate the degradation of melittin. These researches provide an experimental ba- sis for further study of melittin.
Animals ; Drug Stability ; Ethanol ; chemistry ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Melitten ; chemistry ; Rats ; Skin ; drug effects ; Solvents ; chemistry ; Temperature