To study the characteristics of pharmacological effects of property combinations of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) distributing in the stomach meridian based on medicinal property combination, in order to further define the association relationship between properties of TCMs and their pharmacological effects, and build a bridge for the interpenetration and combination between the medicinal property theory of TCMs and their pharmacological effects. On the basis of the studies on the medicinal property theory of TCMs distributing along the kidney meridian and their pharmacological effects, efforts were made to collect relevant data for medicinal properties and pharmacological effects and mine the characteristics of pharmacological effects that were corresponding to relevant medicinal property combination by processing materials related to medicinal properties and pharmacological effects with the association rules method. According to the analysis, TCMs distributing along the kidney meridian with different medicinal property combinations were significantly differentiated in the pharmacological effects, but shared identical pharmacological effects, such as immunological enhancement. In this study, TCMs distributing along the kidney meridian with different medicinal property combinations were taken as the carriers to closely integrate the traditional Chinese medicine theory with the modem study achievements, lay a solid foundation for further developing and enriching the traditional Chinese medical property theory, while providing a new perspective on the development of modem medicine.
Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; Kidney Diseases ; drug therapy ; Meridians

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between pharmacological effects and properties of traditional Chinese medicine by the decision tree algorithm.

METHODBased on of pharmacological effects of traditional Chinese medicine, the decision tree algorithm was applied in the study on the relationship between pharmacological effects and properties of traditional Chinese medicines. A model was established with the decision tree algorithm for the purpose of predicting the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components.

RESULTThe established model was reliable and stable, and could be used to predict the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components.

CONCLUSIONThe prediction for the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components with a decision tree model could reflect the theoretical connotation of the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components to some extent and provide a new method for studying the properties of traditional Chinese medicine components.

Drug Combinations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

OBJECTIVETo discuss the rationality of the clinical replacement of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) bear bile with bile acid constituents, and analyze the difference between these constituents and bear bile in drug properties.

METHODSummarizing the drug properties of bear bile by reference to medical literatures for drug properties of TCM bear bile and Science of Traditional Chinese Medicine (China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2007). Analyzing and summarizing the pharmacological effects of main bile acid constituents according to relevant literatures for studies on pharmacological effects of main bile acid constituents in CNKI database. Predicating the drug properties of these bile acid constituents by using the drug property predication model established by the study group according the pharmacological effects of main bile acid constituents in the paper, and compare the prediction results with the drug properties of bear bile.

RESULTBile acid constituents in bear bile were mostly cold in property, bitter in taste, and the combination of their drug properties could reflect the combined drug properties of bear bile.

CONCLUSIONAll of these bile acid constituents in bear bile could show part of effects of bear bile. Attention shall be given to regulate the medication scheme in clinical application according to actual conditions.

Animals ; Bile ; chemistry ; Bile Acids and Salts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Taste ; Ursidae

Objective To evaluate the significance of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation(HFOV) used in acute hypoxic respiratory failure(AHRF) children,failing to conventional ventilation.Methods This was a retrospective study of AHRF children ventilated by HFOV from January 2011 to September,2013.All patients were initially treated by conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV),and changed to be treated by HFOV if the patient met to one of the following criteria after the CMV parameters of PIP ＞ 30 mmH2O(1cmH2O =0.098 kPa) or PEEP ＞ 10 cmH2O with FiO2 100％ ∶ (1) SpO2 ＜ 90％ or PaO2 ＜ 60 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) ; (2) severe respiratory acidosis (PaCO2 ＞ 80 mmHg) ; (3) serious air leakage (mediastinal emphysema or pneumothorax).The following parameters were recorded:patient's gender,age,living PICU time,CMV ventilation time,HFOV ventilation time.We reviewed ventilation parameter settings (MAP,△P,F,FiO2),oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2,OI),arterial blood gas,heart rate,blood pressure at different time points including late CMV(H0),2 h after HFOV(H2),6 h after HFOV(H6),12 h after HFOV(H12),24 h after HFOV (H24) and 48 h after HFOV (H48),respectively.Various indexes at different time points were compared between survival group and death group,oncology group and no-oncology group.Results PaO2 at H2 compared with H0 had significant improvement[76.9(61.9 ～ 128.0) mmHg vs 50.1 (49.5 ～68.0) mmHg,P =0.006] . PaO2/FiO2 at H2,H48 had significant improvement compared with those at H0,H24 [94.9(66.8 ～ 138.9) mmHg vs 68.0(49.5 ～86.8) mmHg,P=0.039; 135.0(77.6～240.0) mmHg vs 90.7 (54.6 ～161.7) mmHg,P =0.023)].All children's systolic pressure,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate at various time points had no difference (P ＞0.05).Compared to death group(n =14),PaO2/FiO2,OI at H6,H12,H24,H48 in survival group (n =9) had significant improvement(P ＜ 0.05).Compared to oncology group (n =10),OI at H2,H6 in no-oncology group(n =10) had significant improvement [(19.2 (13.9 ～ 26.6) vs 33.8 (19.7 ～ 48.3),P =0.049 ; 16.0(8.4 ～27.1) vs 28.9(20.9 ～38.9),P =0.027)],and mean airway pressure between two groups at H2,H6,H12 had significant improvement(P ＜ 0.05).Mortality had no significant differcence between two groups (4/10 vs 10/13,P =0.086).Conelusion HFOV used in children with AHRF which had failed with CMV ventilation can improve the patient's PaO2 and OI.Heart rate and blood pressure are stable during HFOV treatment.Oncology group patients needed higher initial MAP to improve oxygenation than no-oncology group patients when changed to HFOV treatment,but the mortality showed no difference between two groups.

The positive ratio is 74 percent using the plate anaerobe culturing device made by author, higher than using common anaerobic box and anaerobic jar.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Skin ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology ; Skin Ulcer ; pathology ; Tibia

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical effect and safety of floating needle therapy and duloxetine in treating patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder (PSPD).

METHODSTotally 108 PSPD patients were randomly assigned to the floating needle treatment group, the duloxetine treatment group, and the placebo treatment group, 36 in each group. Patients in the floating needle treatment group received floating needle therapy and placebo. Those in the duloxetine treatment group received duloxetine and simulated floating needle therapy. Those in the placebo treatment group received the placebo and simulated floating needle therapy. All treatment lasted for six weeks. Efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated using Simple McGill pain scale (SF-MPQ) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) before treatment and immediately after treatment, as well as at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week of treatment, respectively. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD, 17 items), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were assessed before treatment and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week of treatment, respectively. Patients in the floating needle treatment group and the duloxetine treatment group with the total reducing score rate of SF-MPQ in Pain Rating index (PRI) ≥ 50% after 6 weeks' treatment were involved in the follow-up study.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the same group before treatment, SF-MPQ score, HAMD score and HAMA total scores all decreased in all the three groups at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides , each item of SF-MPQ significantly decreased immediately after treatment in the floating needle treatment group (P < 0.01). Compared with the placebo treatment group, SF-MPQ, HAMD, and HAMA total score in the floating needle treatment group significantly decreased after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). SF-MPQ score, HAMD score and HAMA total score in the duloxetine treatment group also significantly decreased after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) There were 3 patients (8.3%) who had adverse reactions in the floating needle treatment group, 17 (50.0%) in the duloxetine treatment group, and 7 (21.2%) in the placebo treatment group. Compared with the placebo treatment group, the incidence of adverse reaction increased in the duloxetine treatment group (χ² = 6.04, P < 0.05). Besides, it was higher in the duloxetine treatment group than in the floating needle treatment group (χ² = 14.9, P < 0.05). (3) There were 19 patients in the floating needle treatment group and 17 patients in the duloxetine treatment group involved in the follow-up study. Compared with 6 weeks after treatment, no significant difference was observed at 3 and 6 months after treatment in the score of SF-MPQ, HAMD, and HAMA in the floating needle treatment group and the duloxetine treatment group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were 5 patients (29.4%) who had adverse reactions in the duloxetine treatment group, and no adverse reactions were observed in the floating needle treatment group. The adverse reaction rate was significantly different between the two groups (χ² = 4.26, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFloating needle therapy and duloxetine were effective in treatment of patients with PSPD. However, floating needle therapy could relieve pain more rapidly than duloxetine, with obviously less adverse reactions.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Analgesics ; therapeutic use ; Anxiety Disorders ; Duloxetine Hydrochloride ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Needles ; Pain ; Pain Management ; methods ; Pain Measurement ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Somatoform Disorders ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To construct PES1 shRNA stable expression cell lines in tongue squamous cell carcinoma ( TSCC) cells and to study the effect of knockdown of PES 1 on the growth of TSCC cells .Methods Recombinant lentivirus carrying PES1 shRNA was packaged and obtained in 293T cells.TSCC cells (Tca8113, SCC6 and SCC15) were infected with the lentivirus and selected for stable cells .PES1 expression was identified by Western blot .The effect of inhibition of PES1 on the growth and cell cycle of TSCC cells was detected by growth curve and flow cytometry .Results TSCC cells stably expressing PES1 shRNA were constructed.Knockdown of PES1 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle ar-rest at G0/G1 phase.Knockdown of PES1 inhibited expression of cyclin D1 in TSCC cells.Conclusion Inhibition of PES1 results in reduced cell proliferation , cell cycle arrest at G 0/G1 phase and reduction of cyclin D 1 expression in TSCC cells . PES1 may be a target for TSCC gene therapy .

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical characteristics and present the experience in the treatment of patients with penetrating craniocerebral injury (PCCI).

METHODSThe data of 7 cases with PCCI by foreign body were retrospectively studied and compared with associated literatures. The strategies of diagnosis and treatment of PCCI were analyzed. In this series, 3 cases underwent emergency debridements and 4 cases underwent craniotomies. All patients received surgical intervention within 3 hours after admission.

RESULTSOutcomes were good in 3 cases, moderate disability was in 2 cases, severe disability in 1 case and persistent vegetative state in 1 case. One case developed wound and intracranial infection, but made good recovery after treatment. During the follow-up period, one patient died one month after discharge and other six patients (range from 8 months to 3 years) recovered well and no epilepsy, leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or traumatic vascular disease occurred.

CONCLUSIONSEarly diagnosis and prompt debridement are the fundamental factors affecting the outcome of PCCI. CT scans are the mainstay in evaluating PCCI and three dimensional (3D) images reconstructed from spiral CT scans provide more information. Efficient debridement should be performed as early as possible. Minimizing the degree of surgical management of PCCI is preferred when there is no indication for aggressive operation. It is important to stress the rapid and effective management of CSF leakage in early stage of PCCI. Use of prophylactic broad-spectrum antibiotics is recommended for patients with PCCI. Traumatic vascular injury should be paid attention to after PCCI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Craniotomy ; methods ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glasgow Coma Scale ; Head Injuries, Penetrating ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Assessment ; Sampling Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVECapsaicin transfersomes were prepared and its quality specifications were evaluated.

METHODCapsaicin transfersomes were prepared by high shear dispersing machine and evaluated on the entrapment efficiency, drugs release rate and in vitro skin permeation.

RESULTCapsaicin transfersomes is composed of single unilamellar vesicles, with average size of 150.6 nm. Capsaicin entrapment efficiency achieved 96.7% while concentration of lecithin used was 8%. cumulative release amount of capsaicin was in direct proportion to the ethanol concentration in the medium. The in vitro rate cumulative penetration rate of capsaicin was higher in transfersomes than in cream and suspension in rats. Adomen skin cumulative penetration rate in vitro of capsaicin transfersomes in mouse was significantly higher than that from rat and men. In the same way,cumulative penetration rate in vitro of capsaicin transfersomes through abdomen skin epidermal membrance was significantly higher than that with derma and full skin in men.

CONCLUSIONEntrapment efficiency of capsaicin transfersomes reached 96.7%, meeting the criterion of China pharmacopia( > 80%), skin penetration of capsaicin was enhanced by a capsaicin transfersomes preparation and was affected by diverse characters and levels of skin.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Capsaicin ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Particle Size ; Phosphatidylcholines ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects