The prognosis of gastric cancer is significantly associated with the disease stage,early diagnosis of gastric cancer is the key to extend the survival time of patients. Nowadays,gastroscopy combined with gastric mucosa biopsy is the most important method to detect early gastric cancer in clinical practice. However,the detection rate is low and requiring the endoscopists to learn the endoscopic morphological characteristics of early gastric cancer,which will help them to find out suspicious cancerous lesions and perform effective biopsy. This article reviewed the morphological risk factors of early gastric cancer under white light endoscopy,so as to provide endoscopists with the capability for diagnosis of early gastric cancer.

MRI and ultrasound technique have improved the diagnosis of glioblastoma and increased clinical value for themselves.Superselective intravascular perfusion chemotherapy/radiotherapy bring less damage,more local effectiveness and less adverse reactions,presenting bright future with involvement of anti-angiogenesis.Mechanisms of drug effect and recurrence of glioblastoma should be put in more emphasis for research work.Reducing diagnostic cost,promoting veracity and reliability of new techniques and intensifying the combination of Superselective intravascular perfusion and chemotherapeutic drugs will provide important significance for researches in the near future.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16:284-286)

Selective salpingogram(SSG)and hysterosalpingography(HSG)have achieved fairly reliable diagnostic value. SSG and transcervical fallopian tube recanalization(T-FTR)possess rather credible therapeutic value,long-term effect and low risk. Recanalization rate and pregnancy rate,combining with the measurement of tubal perfusion pressures(TPP)and development of ultrasonic technology,can evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety more generally and objectively. Researches in the future should lay emphasis on developing non-radiologic technique,promoting diagnostic veracity,reducing side effects,and establishing randomly control trials together with consolidating the standardized evaluation criteria.(J Intervent Radiol,2007,16: 714-717)

A self-prescribed recipe of drug for purging turbid, Resolving Dampness and Dispelling Phlegm was employed in the treatment group (N = 54) with combination of allopurinol, and compared its effect with that in the control group (N = 36) only with allopurinol. The total effective rate in the treatment group (92.59%) was significantly higher (P

Objective Cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass ( CPB ) can induce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury , which is bad for cardiac function recovery .The aim of the study was to evaluate the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury effect of breviscapine intravenously injected before CPB in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB . Methods 40 patients scheduled for cardiac valve replacement were randomly divided into two groups :control group and breviscapine group ( n=20).Normal saline 15 mL and breviscapine 0.75 mg/kg was administered with pump within 30 mins after the induction of anesthesia in control group and breviscapine group respectively .Blood samples were taken from jugular vein at each of the five time points: before surgical incision (T0) and at 30mins, at 6, 12, 24h after aortic unclamping (T1-T4) for determination of plasma concentration of car-diac troponin-I (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results Compared with T0, the cTnI and CK-MB in both groups significantly increased at T 1-T4 and peaked at T 2 , the SOD in both groups significantly decreased at T 1-T4(P<0.05).Compared with control group, cTnI and CK-MB significantly decreased, while SOD activity significantly increased at T1-T4in breviscapine group (P<0.05). Conclusion The intravenous infusion of breviscapine 0.75 mg/kg before the staring of CPB can relieve myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB , and the mechanism may be related to the anti-oxidative stress effect .

Aim To investigate the effect of chlorogen-ic acid,caffeic acid,and ferulic acid on expression of molecules related with inflammatory response of HMECs induced by activated complement alternative pathway.Methods CVF was used to activate the al-ternative pathway of serum complement.After exposure of HMECs to activate complement for various times, supernatant of cell culture was removed and assayed for content of ICAM-1,IL-6,IL-8,t-PA,and PAI-1 u-sing ELISA kits.The expression of the above mole-cules induced by activated complement was measured after HMECs were pre-treated with 50,100,250 μmol ·L-1 of CGA,CA,and FA.Results After HMECs were exposed to the product of the activated comple-ment alternative pathway,the expression of ICAM-1 , IL-6,IL-8,t-PA,and PAI-1 was up-regulated.The expression of ICAM-1,IL-6,IL-8,t-PA,and PAI-1 was down-regulated by various concentrations of CGA, CA,and FA.ICAM-1 and IL-8 were inhibited most significantly in all molecules mentioned above.CA ex-hibited the best intervention effect,followed by FA. Conclusion Certain concentration of CGA,CA,and FA can inhibit the expression of ICAM-1,IL-6,IL-8, t-PA,and PAI-1 in HMECs induced by the activation of the alternative complement pathway,indicating that CGA,CA,and FA can inhibit inflammatory response of HMECs.

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy difference on vegetative state in children between acupoint injection combined with plum-blossom needle and western medication based on basic treatment.

METHODSForty-eight children of vegetative state were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 24 cases in each one. On the basis of the treatment of transcranial magnetic stimulation apparatus, balancing treatment apparatus and massage, the acupoint injection and tapping method with plum-blossom needle were adopted in the observation group, in which Xingnaojing injection, mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) injection, monosialotetrahexosylganglioside sodium injection (MSI), compound Danshen injection were divided in 6 pairs and were injected respectively in Baihui (GV 20), Yongquan (KI 1), Fengfu (GV 16), Yamen (GV 15) and the others, 0.5 mL in each acupoint, once a day for continuous 10 days. Additionally, the tapping method with plum-blossom needle was used on the Governor Vessel and Jiaji (EX-B 2) on the back. In the control group, the intravenous infusion was adopted with citicoline sodium injection, mannitol injection and dexamethasone injection. The treatment was given once a day, 20 days of treatment made one session and totally 3 sessions were required in the two groups. The clinical efficacy, the vegetative state score and the mean curing time were observed after 20 days, 40 days and 60 days of treatment between the two groups.

RESULTSThe effective rates were 58.3% (14/24), 70.8% (17/24) and 79.2% (19/24) in 20 days, 40 days and 60 days of treatment in the observation group and 20.8% (5/24), 45.8% (11/24) and 58.3% (14/24) in the control group respectively. The efficacy in the observation group was superior to those in the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The vegetative state score was improved apparently after 20 days, 40 days and 60 days of treatment as compared with those before treatment separately (all P < 0.05). It was improved obviously at the each time point after treatment in the observation group as compared with that in the control group (3.34 +/- 2.41 vs 2.64 +/- 11.56, 6.20 +/- 1.46 vs 4.34 +/- 1.64, 11.26 +/- 2.63 vs 8.75 +/- 2.18, all P < 0.05). The mean curing time was (45.67 +/- 16.24) days in the observation group, which was shorter apparently than that of (55.34 +/- 4.57) days in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBased on basic treatment acupoint injection combined with tapping method of plum-blossom needle achieve the reliable efficacy on vegetative state in children.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Animals ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mice ; Nerve Growth Factor ; administration & dosage ; Persistent Vegetative State ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Phenanthrolines ; administration & dosage ; Treatment Outcome

?AIM: To compare the clinical effect of 23G and 25G+vitrectomy for retinal detachment.?METHODS:Forty seven patients with retinal detachment were treated with 23G vitrectomy (27 eyes in 27 cases as group A) and 25G+ vitrectomy (20 eyes in 20 cases as group B ) . The operation time and the incidence of intraoperative complications were recorded. The occurrence of retinal reposition, visual acuity, intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and complications were observed. Postoperative follow-up time of the two groups were 3d, 1wk, 3mo. The relevant records were statistically analyzed and compared.?RESULTS: The operation time of 23G group and 25G+group were 50. 21+4. 52min, 49. 15+5. 14min,respectively and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). The main complications were retinal hemorrhage and iatrogenic retinal hole. There were 3 eyes with retinal hemorrhage, 2 eyes with iatrogenic retinal hole in 23G group, and 1 eye with retinal hemorrhage, 1 eye with iatrogenic retinal hole in the 25G+group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0. 05). The postoperative visual acuity of 23G group and 25G + group were significantly improved, and the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant at different time points after operation ( P>0. 05). The number of eyes with hypotonia in 23G and 25G+group were 3 and 1 eyes respectively, the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0. 05 ). But there were no significant differences between the two groups on IOP at 1wk and 3mo after surgery (P>0. 05). At the last follow-up, the results showed that 26 eyes ( 96%) with retinal reposition in 23G group, 19 eyes (95%) in 25G+ group, the difference was not statistically significant (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSION: The clinical effect of 23G and 25G+vitrectomy for retinal detachment is similar, but 25G+vitrectomy can reduce incidence of complications and early postoperative low IOP.

Objective To investigate the protective immunity in mice immunized with recombinantBifidobacteria bifidum(Bb)-Eg95 vaccine of Echinococcus granulosus (Eg) and challenged with Eg protoscoleces.Methods Fifty-six female BALB/c mice 12-14 weeks old and weighed 20-25 g were vaccinated with the recombinant Bb-Eg95 vaccine subcutaneously,intramuscularly,intranasally and orally,respectively,with blank vector,Bb and medium of solution(MRS) as control,8 mice in each group.Mice were challenged with Eg protoscoleces on week 8 after immunization and killed on week 25 after infection.The weight of hydatid cyst was measured and the decreased larva rate was calculated.Sera were collected to determine the levels of IgE,IgG and its subclasses by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Splenocytes were collected and cultivated to test the proliferation of splenocytes using methyltetrazolium (MTT) assay under EgAg and concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation.The results were compared with analysis of variance and the comparison between two groups was performed with LSD-t test.Results There was significant difference in the weight of hydatid cyst between groups (F =11.062,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with MRS control group[(0.075 ± 0.019)g],the hydatid cyst weight decreased in subcutaneous group [(0.050 ± 0.013)g],intramuscular group[(0.050 ± 0.019)g],intranasal group[(0.028 ± 0.016)g] and oral group [(0.031 ± 0.018)g,all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with subcutaneous and intramuscular groups,the hydatid cyst weight decreased in intranasal and oral groups(all P ＜ 0.05).The decreased larva rate was inversely proportional to the weight of hydatid cyst.There was significant difference in the levels(obsorbancy,A) of IgG,IgG2a,IgG2b,IgG1,IgG3 and IgE between these groups(F =21.774,36.977,27.071,14.746,10.131,9.444,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Compared with MRS control group (0.015 ± 0.002,0.002 ± 0.001,0.003 ± 0.001),the levels of IgG,IgG2a and IgG2b increased in subcutaneous group(0.022 ± 0.004,0.007 ± 0.002,0.008 ± 0.002),intramuscular group (0.023 ± 0.003,0.008 ± 0.002,0.007 ± 0.002),intranasal group(0.032 ± 0.007,0.012 ± 0.002,0.013 ± 0.004)and oral group(0.028 ± 0.006,0.010 ± 0.003,0.010 ± 0.002,P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Compared with subcutaneous and intramuscular groups,the levels of IgG,IgG2a and IgG2b increased in intranasal and oral groups(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Compared with MRS control group(0.009 ± 0.001,0.009 ± 0.002,0.009 ± 0.001),the levels of IgG1,IgG3 and IgE decreased in subcutaneous group(0.022 ± 0.004,0.007 ± 0.002,0.008 0.002),intramuscular group(0.004 ± 0.001,0.004 ± 0.001,0.004 ± 0.002),intranasal group(0.005 ± 0.002,0.005 ± 0.003,0.005 ± 0.002)and oral group(0.005 ± 0.001,0.004 ± 0.002,0.004 ± 0.003,all P ＜ 0.01).There was significant difference in the proliferation of splenocytes in the supernatant of cultured splenocyte,of cultured splenocyte + EgAg and of cultured splenocyte + ConA(F =63.975,359.833,167.399,P ＜ 0.01).There was significant difference in the proliferation of splenocytes inside groups(F =6741.955,4953.667,869.320,201.235,175.413,139.653,169.994,all P ＜0.01).Compared with the cultured splenocyte the proliferation of splenocytes increased in the cultured splenocyte +EgAg and splenocyte + ConA (all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the cultured splenocyte + EgAg,the proliferation of splenocytes increased in the cultured splenocyte + ConA(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion An effective and protective immunity is induced by the recombinant Bb-Eg95 vaccine of Eg in mice.