End Stage Liver Disease ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo explore risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in men in order to provide a theoretical basis for developing more effective NAFLD prevention and control strategies.

METHODSOne-hundred-and-two male patients (37.3+/-11.4 years old) hospitalized with NAFLD at the Dongnan Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University between January 2009 and December 2010 were enrolled in the study, along with 23 age-matched healthy men (34.4+/-16.7 years old) to serve as the control group. The correlation(s) of body mass index (BMI; overweight defined as more than or equal to 22.717 kg/m2), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; central obesity defined as more than or equal to 0.866), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) with NAFLD was analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to select proper thresholds for classification.

RESULTSBMI, WC, WHR, FPG, TG, and TC were significantly different between the cases and controls (P less than 0.01). BMI, WC, WHR, TG and TC were identified as risk factors of NAFLD in these male cases (P less than 0.01). Relative to WC, TG and TC, both BMI and WHR had significant predictive value for NAFLD (odds ratio (OR) = 10.819 and 10.588, respectively). In addition, BMI had the highest diagnostic value for the prediction of NAFLD (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.931) followed by WHR (AUC = 0.879).

CONCLUSIONBMI, WC, WHR, TG, and TC are risk factors of NAFLD in Chinese men. BMI and WHR are effective anthroposomatology indices of NAFLD and may be useful factors on which to base future prevention and early diagnosis strategies for NAFLD in males.

Body Mass Index ; Humans ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Risk Factors ; Waist Circumference ; Waist-Hip Ratio

Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Prognosis ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate possible mechanism of angiogenesis in brain tissue of neonatal rat hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

METHODSForty seven-day old neonatal rats were randomly assigned to hypoxic-ischemic (Model group) or sham treatment (Sham group), each group had 20 rats. Five rats from each group were sacrificed on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 after hypoxia-ischemia. Paraffin sections of the brain were stained with anti-endothelial cell, anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by using single or double immunohistochemistry. The brain capillary density index (BCDI), brain proliferating capillary density index (BPCDI) and the expression of VEGF were analyzed under the microscope. The expression of VEGF and hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) mRNA in hypoxic-ischemic side of the brain was measured by RT-PCR.

RESULTSBCDI around infarct brain tissue in the model group began to rise on day 3 and remained higher than that of the sham group from day 3 to day 14 [day 3: (9.80 +/- 1.05)/HPF vs. (4.90 +/- 0.66)/HPF, P < 0.01;day 14: (13.29 +/- 3.90)/HPF vs. (6.08 +/- 1.50)/HPF, P < 0.01]. Occasional proliferating capillary was found in brain tissue of normal neonatal rats. The density of proliferating brain capillary on day 3 and day 7 of Model group [(0.54 +/- 0.15)/HPF vs. (0.90 +/- 0.25)/HPF] were significantly higher than those of Sham group [(0.12 +/- 0.05)/HPF vs. (0.13 +/- 0.07)/HPF, P < 0.01]. VEGF was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons, capillary endothelial cells and pial cells. Viable neurons and endothelial cells in the infarct areas also expressed VEGF. The expression of VEGF mRNA in hypoxic-ischemic brain tissue was significantly higher than that of normal control (P < 0.01) and temporally preceded angiogenesis. The expression of VEGF mRNA at 12 hours of HIE model was significantly higher than that of normal control (1.56 +/- 0.27 vs. 0.95 +/- 0.21, P < 0.05). It reached its peak on day 1 and day 3 (1.85 +/- 0.31 vs. 1.86 +/- 0.39), significantly higher than that of normal control (P < 0.01), and decreased by day 7 and day 14, without significant difference compared with normal control (P > 0.05). The expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA was also up-regulated after hypoxic-ischemic treatment. The expression of HIF-1alpha mRNA (1.07 +/- 0.21) was significantly higher than that of normal control (0.64 +/- 0.28, P = 0.048) at 3-hour of HIE model, reached its peak on day 1 (1.73 +/- 0.42, P < 0.01), remained at high expression level on day 3 (1.44 +/- 0.36, P < 0.05) and began to decline by day 7 and day 14 when it was not significantly different from normal control.

CONCLUSIONSAngiogenesis exists in the brain tissue of neonatal rat HIE model. Up-regulation of VEGF expression mediated by HIF-1 may play an important role in the process of angiogenesis.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; blood supply ; Brain Diseases ; etiology ; genetics ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; complications ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; etiology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transcription Factors ; analysis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; genetics

Objective To determine the curative effect of dilation for achalasia with temporary cardia stent in different diameters based on a long-term follow-up.Methods The study cohort was comprised of 135 patients of achalasia.Among them differentiated by stent diameters as followings:30 patients were treated under fluoroscopy with dilation of temporary cardia stent in 20 mm diameter(group A), 30 patients with dilation of temporary eardia stent in 25 mm diameter(group B),and 75 patients with dilation of temporary cardia stent in 30 mm diameter(group C).135 cardia stents were temporarily placed in the 135 patients and withdrawn after 3 -5 days via gastroscopy.All the stents were inserted and withdrawn successfully.The follow-up in all groups lasted 6-128 months.Results Six(20.0%)out of 30 patients,6(20.0%)out of 30 patients,5(22.7%)out of 22 patieuts,6(37.5%)out of 16 patients,5 out of 9 patients,3 out of 3 patients in group A exhibited dysphagia relapse during 6 months,1 year,3 years,5 years,8 years,and 10 years follow-up,respectively. Four(13.3%)out of 30 patients,4(13.3%)out of 30 patients,3(13.0%)out of 23 patients,4(22.2%)out of 18 patients,5(45.5%)out of 11 patients,and 3 out of 4 patients in group B exhibited dysphagia relapse during 6 months,1 year,3 years,5 years,8 years,and 10 years follow-up,respectively.No(0.0%)out of 75 patients, 1(1.5%)out of 66 patients,4(8.3%)out of 48 patients,6(18.2%)out of 33 patients,6(33.3%)out of 18 patients,2 out of 5 patients in group C exhibited dysphagia relapse during 6 months,1 year,3 years,5 years,8 years,and 10 years follow-up,respectively.Conclusion Dilation with temporary cardia metal stent in 30 mm diameter is the best dilation for achalasia in long-term follow-up.

OBJECTIVEIn order to find out the condition of patients who used the Shuxuetong injection and provide reference and guidance for clinical practice, we analyzed the data of related indicators in patients in the HIS based of the frequency analysis methods.

METHODIn this study, we selected the hospitalized patient information in 20 hospital information systems (HIS). Reference to the integrated data warehouse build mode, including some information such as age, gender, cost categories of patients, route of administration etc.

RESULTThe average age of patients are 59-years-old , 56-years-old age and 71-years-old age are the two high peaks during the age distribution. Patients covered by health insurance accounted for 75.8%; Intravenous infusion in patients accounted for 95.76%; Patient are also diagnosed as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as hypertension, cerebral infarction, coronary heart diseas, combined with other medicines such as aspirin, insulin, heparin etc.

CONCLUSIONCrowd using Shuxuetong injection mostly in the elderly population, most patients covered by health insurance, the route of administration conforms instructions basically, please attention the benefits and risks of the patients in the clinical practice.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child, Preschool ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Young Adult

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a lifethreatening disorder due to hyperinflammation resulting in infiltration of different organs with extensive hemophagocytosis. Severe coagulopathy was one of the main reasons for death in HLH. Over secretion of plasminogen activator by activated macrophages leads to hyperfibrinolysis. We reported a 36-year-old woman who was diagnosed as HLH probably secondary to lymphoma. Massive bleeding from gut and retroperitoneal area were not able to be controlled by conventional hemostatic treatments. This patient received one dose recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) 3.6 mg (70 μg/kg). Hemostatic effect was achieved in 0.5 hour and lasted 24 hours. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were quickly corrected to normal ranges. Fibrinogen level elevated from 0.5 g/L before using rFVIIa to 1.8 g/L 20 hours after. Although dexamethasone and etopside were administrated to treat HLH, this patient died from septic shock after persistent neutropenia. This suggests that rFVIIa may be effective in the management of intractable hemorrhage in patients with HLH.
Adult ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ; complications ; Factor VIIa ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; drug therapy ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use

The borneol was included with β-CD and prepared Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets. GC method for determination of borneol in Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets was established to study its in vitro dissolution and make a comparison with the Fufang Danshen tablet, in this way, the rationality of dosage form was evaluated. The first method of dissolution determination was used for determining the in vitro dissolution of borneol in Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets in artificial intestinal juice, and Fufang Danshen tablet in artificial gastric juice and intestinal juice, respectively. Result shows: the concentration of borneol in Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets and Fufang Danshen tablet was 0.79% and 0.80%, respectively. Its in vitro dissolution was nearly 70% within 12 h in Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets, and in Fufang Danshen tablet, the dissolution was about 60% within 20 min and more than 90% within 40 min, and in artificial gastric juice, was less than 20% within 40 min but more than 80% till 150 min. Research suggests that in comparison with Fufang Danshen tablet, in vitro dissolution of borneol in the Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets showed an obvious sustained release behavior. The borneol in Fufang Danshen intestinal adhesion pellets was included with β-CD and prepared enteric preparations. To some extent, the stimulation on stomach and intestinal mucosa can be reduced and safety can be improved.
Bornanes ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Dosage Forms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Solubility

OBJECTIVETo introduce a new technique for the treatment of helical keloid.

METHODSThe procedure consisted of two steps. In the first step, a kidney-shaped expander of 50 ml was placed subcutaneously in the retroauricular area. Routine inflation with normal saline followed. In the second step, about two months afterwards, the expander was taken out and the helical keloid was excised. The expanded flap was advanced to cover the wound.

RESULTSThe operation has been performed on 12 patients of 16 sites of helical keloid since 2000. Postoperative follow-up from 3 months to 2 years revealed satisfactory results. The reconstructed ear maintained a good contour.

CONCLUSIONThe technique creates a retroauricular flap rich in blood supply, which can be used to close the defect left by helical keloid excision. It provides a good treatment for the helical keloid replaced with normal skin from the mastoid region.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Ear ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Keloid ; surgery ; Male ; Surgery, Plastic ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the changes of liver and kidney function in hepatitis B virus(HBV)carriers after renal transplantation. Methods A total of 116 patients with HBV infection undergoing renal transplantation and 348 counterparts without HBV infection were recruited in this clinical trial. The liver function parameters including alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels and renal function parameter including serum creatinine(Scr)level were measured before and at 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 60 months after renal transplantation. Preoperative and postoperative changes of liver and kidney function were statistical y compared between the hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)(+)and HBsAg(–)groups. According to the results of preoperative HBV serology, preoperative quantitative detection of HBV DNA and preoperative liver function test, 116 HBsAg(+)patients undergoing renal transplantation were divided into(HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc all positive)and(HBsAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc all positive)groups, HBV DNA(+)and HBV DNA(–)groups, and normal and abnormal liver function groups.Preoperativeandpostoperativechangesofliverandkidneyfunctionwerestatisticalycomparedbetweendifferentsubgroups. Results(1)Preoperative ALT and AST levels in HBsAg(+)patients were significantly higher compared with those in their HBsAg(–)counterparts. In 36 months after renal transplantation, liver function parameters significantly differed between two groups(al P<0.05), whereas no statistical significance was noted at postoperative 60 months(al P>0.05). Before and in 60 months after renal transplantation, no statistical significance was observed in the Scr levels between the HBsAg(+)and HBsAg(–)groups(all P>0.05).(2)Before and in 60 months after renal transplantation, no statistical significance was observed in the liver and kidney function parameters between the(HBsAg, HBeAg and anti-HBc all positive)and(HBsAg, anti-HBe and anti-HBc all positive)groups, and HBV DNA(+)and HBV DNA(–)groups(all P>0.05).(3)The ALT levels before and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after renal transplantation significantly differed between the normal and abnormal liver function groups(al P<0.05), whereas no statistical significance was observed at other time points(all P>0.05). The AST levels before and at 1 month after renal transplantation significantly differed between two groups(both P<0.05), whereas did not significantly differ at alternative postoperative time points(all P>0.05). No statisticalsignificancewasobservedinthekidneyfunctionparametersbeforeandat60monthsfolowingrenaltransplantation between two groups(al P>0.05). Conclusions HBV infection cannot exert significant effect upon kidney function within 5 years after renal transplantation, whereas it can affect short-term postoperative liver function.