Bleeding Time ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases ; diagnosis

China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes ; physiology ; Listeriosis ; epidemiology ; Serotyping

ObjectiveTo study the occurrence and influence factors of drug-induced injuries of vital organs caused by traditional Chinese medicine injection.MethodsChina Hospital Knowledge Database (CHKD) from 1993-2013 and case reports concerning adverse effects and drug-induced diseases caused by traditional Chinese medicine injection from Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platformwere retrieved. Indicator systemwasestablished and relevant contentsweresummarized and analyzed.Results34 types of traditional Chinese medicine injectionswereincluded and 699 drug-induced diseasesweresummarized, taking up 53.98% of the total adverse effects. Among them, the top three included in the drug-induced diseaseswere acanthopanax injection, safflower injection and Mailuoning injection. The non-conformance between the traditional Chinese medicine injections in the literature and instructions mainly reflects unreasonable solvent selection, large compatibility concentration and usage and dosage beyond those specified in the instructions. ConclusionThe occurrence of drug-induced injuries of vital organs caused by traditional Chinese medicine injectionis relatively high, drug instructions shall be strictly followed in accordance with requirements during clinical application.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in pecutaneous transtuminl angioplasty and stenting (PTAS).MethodsThe index of hemodynamics, include mean peak flow velocity (Vm), systolic peak flow velocity (Vs), enddiastolic peak flow velocity (Vd), pulsatility index (Pi), resistance index (Ri) in 47 cases with the stenosis of the middle cerebral artery were investigated, while compared with that of intra arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA). ResultsVs and Vm of 41 cases increased while the Pi reduced after operation, Ri had no change; Vs, Vm, Vd increased and Pi reduced with no reflow signal in 5 cases. Vs and Vm increased with Vd reduced in only 1 case. The accuracy rate with DSA in moderate or severe stenosis was 75% or 83% respectively. ConclusionTCD, as it's reliable, no-invasive, convenience and cheap, can play an important role in assessing the effect of PTAS in middle cerebral artery stenosis.

Background:Tryptophan(TRP)is an essential amino acid,and can produce 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)via 5-HT signal pathway and kynurenine( KYN)metabolic pathway under the catalysis of enzyme,thereby participating in the pathogenesis of visceral hypersensitivity in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome(IBS-D). Aims:To investigate the relationship between visceral sensitivity and TRP metabolic pathway in patients with IBS-D. Methods:Thirty patients with IBS-D and 30 healthy controls from June 2012 to January 2014 at Guangdong Provincial TCM Hospital were enrolled. Score of gastrointestinal symptom rating scale( GSRS)was evaluated. Visceral sensitivity was measured by anorectal manometry. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of colon mucosal IDo, respectively. Serum 5-HT,5-HIAA,TRP,IDo,KYN,KYNA concentrations and IDo activity,KAT activity were determined by high performance liquid chromatography assay. Results:Compared with control group,GSRS score was significantly increased(P < 0. 05),initial perception threshold,defecation threshold,pain threshold were significantly decreased(P < 0. 05),anorectal constriction pressure was significantly increased( P < 0. 05),serum 5-HT,5-HIAA concentrations were significantly increased(P < 0. 05),mRNA and protein expressions of IDo were significantly increased (P < 0. 05),serum KYN was significantly increased(P < 0. 05),KYNA was significantly decreased(P < 0. 01),IDo activity was significantly incseased(P < 0. 01),and KAT activity was significantly decreased in IBS-D group(P < 0. 01). Correlation analysis showed that initial perception threshold,defecation threshold,pain threshold and anorectal constriction pressure were correlated with 5-HT,5-HIAA,TRP,KYN,KYNA,IDo activity and KAT activity in patients with IBS-D (P < 0. 05). Conclusions:TRP metabolic pathway is correlated with visceral hypersensitivity in patients with IBS-D.

OBJECTIVETo study the molecular mechanism of Yangjing Zhongyu Decoction (YZD) n-butanol extracts (ZDC) and ethyl acetate extracts (YSYZ) in reducing androgen in porcine granulose cells by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.

METHODSPorcine granulose cells were isolated and cultured. They were inoculated by MAPK inhibitor PD98059 at different concentrations, and then they were divided into the blank control group (0), 1, 3, 10, and 25 micromol/L groups. After 24-h culture the cytochrome P450c17a (CYP17) mRNA expression level was detected using Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Contents of androgen (testosterone) in the supernate were detected using RIA and optimal PD98059 concentration screened. After intervened by 10 micromol/L PD98059 for 24 h, the culture solution was intervened by effective ingredients of with or without YZD or YSYZ at various concentrations (0, 1 , 5, 25, 50 mg/mL) at various time points (3, 6, 18, 24 h). Expression levels of p-ERK1/2, c-Fos and CYP17 were detected by Western blot. Testosterone content in the supernate was determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA).

RESULTSTen pLmol/L PD98059 could obviously decrease p-ERK1/2 protein expression and increase CYP17 mRMA expression, and elevate testosterone content in the supernate (P < 0.05). ZDC and YSYZ at 25 ng/mL could increase p-ERK1/2 protein expression and c-Fos levels, and reduce CYP17 protein expression, and lower testosterone content in the supernate after 6-h intervention (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONEffective ingredients of YZD could reduce androgen production in porcine granulose cells through increasing activities of MAPK.

Androgens ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Flavonoids ; Granulosa Cells ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Swine

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of modified CURB-65 score for assessing severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in emergency patients.Methods During the period from May 2011 to May 2012,198 emergency patients with CAP enrolled in this study were evaluated by CURB-65 score and modified CURB-65 score,respectively.Based on the severity of CAP,patients were divided into mild pneumonia group (Group A,n =107) and severe pneumonia group (Group B,n =91).The clinical status and biomarkers (the white blood cell count,procalcitonin,pneumonia severity index,hospitalization days,and hospitalization expenses) were recorded and compared with t test.Group B was divided into survived-subgroup (n =62) and death-subgroup (n =29).The differences in CURB-65 score and modified CURB-65 scere between the two groups were compared with t test.The correlation of CURB-65 score and modified CURB-65 score with procalcitonin,pneumonia severity index,hospitalization days,and hospitalization expenses were determined with Pearson rank correlation method.Results The procalcitonin,pneumonia severity index,hospitalization days,hospitalization expenses,modified CURB-65 score and CURB-65 score in Group B were significantly higher than those in Group A [(3.70 ± 0.83) vs.(1.27±0.24),t=28.91,P＜0.01; (121.33±16.74) vs.(73.79±9.21),t=25.23,P＜0.01;(25.79±10.13) vs.(14.85 ±6.83),t=9.02,P＜0.01; (22.71 ±3.84) vs.(9.83 ±1.24),t=32.76,P＜0.01; (3.69±1.03) vs.(3.32±1.06),t=2.48,P＜0.05; (4.21±1.13) vs.(3.41±0.96),t =5.39,P＜0.01],while no significant difference was observed in the white blood cell count between GroupA and B (17.58 ±5.99 vs.16.86±4.41,t =0.97,P＞0.05).For Group B,the modified CURB-65 score of death-subgroup was significantly higher than that of survived-subgroup [(4.75± ± 1.17) vs.(4.01 ± 1.09),t =2.95,P ＜ 0.01],whilc no significant difference was observed in the CURB-65 score between the death-subgroup and survived-subgroup (4.01 ± 1.15 vs.3.58 ±0.97,t =1.86,P ＞ 0.05).The CURB-65 score positive correlated with the procalcitonin (r =-0.803,P =0.025),and had no obvious correlation with the pneumonia severity index,hospitalization days,and hospitalization expenses (r=0.621,P=0.320; r=0.701,P=0.231; r=0.675,P=0.256); The modified CURB-65 score significantly positively correlated with the procalcitonin,pneumonia severity index,hospitalization days,and hospitalization expenses (r =0.951,P =0.003 ; r =0.965,P =0.002 ; r =0.947,P =0.004 ; r =0.961,P =0.002).Conclusions Compared with the CURB-65 score,the modified CURB-65 score is more efficient in evaluating the severity and prognoses of CAP for emergency patients.

Etelcalcetide (ParsabivTM) is a second generation calcimimetic agent newly developed by Amgen,mainly used for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism.Etetcalcetide not only decreases calcium concentration by directly binding with the calcium sensing receptor,but also reduces the parathyroid hormone level.The European Union has approved for chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis with Etelcalcetide injection.This paper summarized the pharmacological effects,pharmacokinetics,clinical trials,and adverse reaction of Etelcalcetide.

Objective To explore associations between SG13S114A/T and SG13S32A/C polymorphisms of ALOX5AP gene and the genetic susceptibility of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) in Henan Han population.Methods Two hundred and forty-six ICVD patients and 245 healthy controls were recruited from Han population in Henan province. Polymorphisms of SG13S114A/T and SG13S32A/C in ALOX5AP gene were genotyped in these samples by SnaPshot minisequencing method.Each genotype frequency and allele frequency were statistically analyzed and compared between ICVD group and control group using SPSS16.0 software.Haplotype and linkage disequilibrium were analyzed by SHEsis software.Results The SG13S114 AA genotype frequency ( 18.7％ ) and A allele frequency (41.3％) in ICVD group were significantly higher than those in control group (9.0％ and 32.7％,respectively; P =0.002 and P =0.005 ).It was also found that in male ICVD group and in younger ICVD group ( ＜50 years old),the SG13S114 AA genotype frequencies (22.1％ and 22.0％,respectively) and A allele frequencies (42.1％ and 42.7％,respectively) were significantly higher than those in male control group and younger control group (SG13S114 AA genotype:9.0％ and 8.9％ ; P =0.010 and P =0.006,respectively) ;A allele frequencies,34.0％ and 32.0％ ; P =0.048 and P =0.020,respectively.Finally,the prevalence of A-A haplotype in ICVD group was significantly higher than that in control group(30.4％ vs 23.5％,OR =1.419,95％ CI 1.068-1.885,P =0.015).T-C haplotype frequency of ICVD group was significantly lower than that in control group (22.0％ vs 28.8％,OR =0.698,95％ CI 0.523-0.932,P =0.014 ).Conclusions The A allele in SG13S114 loci of ALOX5AP may be a genetic risk factor for ICVD in Han population in Henan province.The association is predominant in ICVD patients of male and younger than 50 years old.Maybe A-A haplotype increases the risk of ICVD and T-C haplotype and has a protective effect against ICVD in Henan Han population.

The IS-PCR and Rep-PCR were used to analyze 19 strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae from China,Japan and Philippines.Four specific primers,especially,IS1113 and ERIC could distinguish the strains from different countries.Using UPGMA analysis,most strains were in group 2 and 3.No relationship were observed between UPGMA groups and pathotypes.