Female ; Humans ; Obesity ; complications ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ; complications ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the effect of off-pump coronary endarterectomy (CE) plus off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (off-pump CABG) on patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) combined with diffuse distal atherosclerosis. Methods From October 2006 to August 2009,65 CTO patients with 176 angiographically confirmed vascular stenosis or occlusive lesions, 70 of which were complete occlusion, underwent off-pump CABG. During the operation, diffuse intimal thickening distal to occlusive lesion was found, and blood flow of the bridges was unfavorable.Results Therefore endarterectomy was performed, followed by CABG. The blood flow in the bridges were 2-10 ml/min versus 14-37 ml/min before versus after endarterectomy. Pulsatility index (PI) was 5.1-15.6 versus less than 5 before versus after endarterectomy. Left ventricular ejection fraction was also improved significantly [before operation: (0.47±0.12)%, after operation: (0. 52±0.15)%, t=2.17, P＜0.05]. Peri-operative myocardial infarction occurred in 2 cases, but without significant cardiac homodynamic changes. And 23 patients underwent coronary angiography to evaluate graft patency 3-18 months after operation, all of them had favorable blood flow. Conclusions It is feasible to perform off-pump CABG plus coronary endarterectomy for patients of chronic coronary total occlusion combined with diffuse distal atherosclerosis. This treatment is safe and effective.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Actinidia chinensis Planch polysaccharide (ACPS) on the growth and apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, and to explore the effect of SGC-7901 cells on p-p38 expression.

METHODSThe inhibition rates at different concentrations of ACPS on SGC-7901 cells at 24, 48, and 72 h were detected using CCK-8 method. Apoptosis ratios in SGC-7901 were determined by flow cytometry after 48-h treatment of different concentrations of ACPS. The expression of pro-caspase-9, PARP, and p-p38 in SGC-7901 cells after treated by different concentrations of ACPS was detected using Western blot. The expression of pro-caspase-9, PARP, and p-p38 was detected after SGC-7901 cells were pre-treated by p38 specific inhibitor.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the optical density of SGC-7901 cells decreased after treated by 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/mL ACPS (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the longer the acting time, the lower the optic density (P < 0.01). IC50 was 7.43 mg/mL at 24 h; 3.88 mg/mL at 48 h, and 1.32 mg/mL at 72 h respectively. ACPS suppressed the protein expression of pro-caspase-9 (P < 0.01) and up-regulated the expression of PARP (89KD) (both P < 0.01). Further study showed that the protein expression of p-p38 was up-regulated in SGC-7901 cells treated by ACPS of different concentrations at 24 h (P < 0.05). The expression of phosphorylation p38 and the ACPS induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells could be inhibited after treated by specific inhibitor for 2 h.

CONCLUSIONSACPS could inhibit the growth of SGC-7901 cells and induce apoptosis. The underlying mechanism of inducing apoptosis was partially due to activating the p38MAPK path and further activating Caspase9 and PARP, finally leading to cell death.

Actinidia ; chemistry ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy,adverse events and corresponding preventive measures of high dose methotrexate in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).Methods Ninety-two patients with ALL who hospitalized in Heamotology Department of Jinshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University were randomly divided into observation group and control group,and each group had 46 cases.Patients in observation group were given high dose melhotrexate + vincristine + cytoxan + pirarubicin chemotherapy treatment,and in control group were given soft red enzyme + vincristine + metacortan dracin + L-asparaginase treatment.The clinical efficacy,adverse events and the required course of remission of two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 84.78％,while it was 80.43％ in the control group,and there was no statistically significant difference (x2 =0.45,P ＞ 0.05).The average remission was (1.26 ± 0.28) in the observation group,while (1.31 ± 0.31) in the control group,and no significant difference was observed (t =2.13,P ＞ 0.05).The complete remission rate of initial treatment,retreatment and refractory were 75.00％ (24/32),50.00％ (4/8) and 33.33％ (2/6) respectively in observation group,while 76.67％ (23/30),50.00％ (4/8) and 25.00％ (2/8) respectively in control group,and there was no statislically significant difference between two groups (x2 =0.98,P ＞0.05).The rate of bone marrow suppression in the observation group(23.91％) was lower than that in the control group(43.48％),while the rate of liver and kidney injury(54.35％) was higher than that inthe control group(17.39％),which showed significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The survival rate of 5 years in observation group was 67.39％,while 45.65％ in control group,and there was statistically significant difference between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The high dose methotrexate in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia was proved to be effective and the adverse reactions could be tolerated.

Aim To investigate the periphery analge-sic effect of myricetin on a rat model of inflammatory pain and the mechanism. Methods Rat models of in-flammatory pain were induced by complete Freund ’ s adjuvant ( CFA) injection in left hindlimb plantar cen-ter. The thermal withdrawal latency ( TWL) was meas-ured before and after CFA or myricetin treatment. Elec-trophysiological method was used to identify the effect of myricetin on the action potential frequency and the voltage dependent potassium channel currents in small DRG neurons. Results Rats with CFA injected showed thermal hyperalgesia ( P <0. 05 ) and TWL in-creased significantly after myricetin intraperitoneally in-jected ( P <0. 05 ) . Current clamp recording showed the action potential frequency of small DRG neurons in rats was inhibited by myricetin ( P<0. 01 ) and voltage calmap recording showed the inhibitory effect of myr-icetin was enhanced by calcium depended potassium channel currents ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion Myricetin exerts periphery analgesic effect by enhancing calcium depended potassium channel currents and inhibiting excitability of small neurons of dorsal root ganglion.

Objective To set a rapid,simple gene diagnosis method for Down syndrome.Methods Three short tandem repeats(D21S11,D21S1270,D21S1437)loci in or near Down syndrome critical region(DSCR) were analyzed and detected by polymerase chain reaction and DNA quantitative analysis in 11 core ancestry.Results There were four types by DNA quantitative analysis to different individuals at a short tandem repeats(STR) locus.In type one,a homozygote of one allelic gene was detected.In type two,a normal heterozygote of two allelic genes was found,the content or two DNA electrophoresis bands was approximately 1∶1.In type three,a Down syndrome patient of two allelic genes was discovered.The quantity of two electrophoresis bands was nearly 2∶1.In type four,the patient showed three DNA electrophoresis bands which the content was approximately 1∶1∶1.Conclusion A rapid gene diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis method for Down syndrome can be used for quantitative analysis of STR polymorphism loci.

Objective:To investigate the effects of recombinant adenovirus with human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (Ad-hVEGF 165) and recombinant adenovirus with human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (Ad-hTIMP-1) on rats with myocardial infarction (MI) and its mechanism. Methods:A total of 30 healthy 8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham-operated group (sham), virus control group (Ad-Track), Ad-hVEGF 165 group, Ad-hTIMP-1 group and Ad-hVEGF 165+Ad-hTIMP-1 group (hVEGF 165+hTIMP-1) ( n=6 per group). Except the sham group, all rats were ligated the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce MI model with ST-segment elevation and Q waves or T-wave inversion on electrocardiogram and local myocardial whitening. The corresponding recombinant adenovirus comprising 100 μL (1×10 10 VP/100 μL) combined with NaCl solution was injected into the myocardial infarction area at four points respectively. The sham group received no treatment. After 4 weeks, all rats were sacrificed after echocardiography was completed and heart tissues were collected. The expression of hVEGF 165 and hTIMP-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of apoptosis-related factors were detected by real-time PCR. The protein expression of apoptosis-related factors were detected by immunohistochemistry. Differences between groups were determined by One-way analysis of variance. Multiple comparisons between groups were performed using the least significant difference t-test. Results:(1) Both heart rate (HR) (480.83±24.09) beats/min, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD) (6.88±0.44) mm and left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD) (4.85±0.42) mm were increased in the Ad-Track group than those in the sham group (433.16±17.86) beats/min, (6.20±0.45) mm, (4.06±0.70) mm (all P<0.05), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (62.70±3.17) % and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) (29.52±1.88) % were significantly decreased in the Ad-Track group than those in the sham group (72.78±5.44)%, (29.52±1.88) % (both P<0.01). Compared with the Ad-Track group, LVEF (71.50±6.23) % and LVFS (36.17±5.27) % in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group were significantly increased (both P<0.01), and LVEDD (6.22±0.39) mm and LVESD (4.13±0.23) mm were decreased (both P<0.05). LVEF and LVFS in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group were increased significantly than those in the Ad-hVEGF 165 group (64.65±4.00) %, (30.95±2.57) % (both P<0.05). The mRNA expression of BCL2-associated X protein (Bax), cysteine aspartate specific proteinase 3 (Caspase-3) and BCL-xL/BCL-2-associated death promoter (Bad) in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group were decreased than those in the Ad-Track group ( P<0.01 or P<0.05), and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group were increased than those in the Ad-Track group ( P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of Bax and Caspase-3 in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group were decreased than those in the Ad-hVEGF 165 group (both P<0.05). There was no statistically difference in the mRNA expression of Bax, Caspase-3, Bad, and Bcl-2 between the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group and the sham group (all P>0.05). The protein expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group were significantly decreased than those in the Ad-hVEGF 165 group, the Ad-hTIMP-1 group and the Ad-Track group (all P<0.01), and the protein expression of Bcl-2 in the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group was increased than those in the Ad-hVEGF 165 group, the Ad-hTIMP-1 group and the Ad-Track group (all P<0.05). There were no statistically differences in the protein expression of Bax, Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 between the hVEGF 165-hTIMP-1 group and the sham group (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Ad-hVEGF 165 and Ad-hTIMP-1 can improve cardiac contractile function of MI rats and the beneficial effects are largely attributable to inhibiting myocyte apoptosis. The combination of hVEGF 165 and hTIMP-1 may have a synergistic effect on MI.

Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is one of the most effective compounds isolated from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Up to now, several studies regarding the pharmacokinetic profiles of Sal A have been reported, however there is no such study reported in monkeys, the species which is more similar to human. The aim of this study is to develop a LC-MS method for the determination of Sal A in monkey plasma and apply it to the pharmacokinetic studies of monkeys. After single intravenous administration of Sal A, the plasma concentration-time curves were observed and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. The plasma concentration at 2 min (C2 (min)) values were (28.343 ± 6.426), (45.679 ± 12.301) and (113.293 ± 24.360) mg x L(-1) for Rhesus monkeys treated with Sal A at 2.5, 5 and 10 mg x kg(-1). The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-∞)) values were (3.316 ± 0.871), (5.754 ± 2.150) and (13.761 ± 2.825) μg x L(-1) x h, respectively. Furthermore, this method was improved and applied to the simultaneous determination of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C, which provided useful information for preclinical studies and clinical trials of Sal A, Sal B and Sal C.
Administration, Intravenous ; Animals ; Caffeic Acids ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Lactates ; pharmacokinetics ; Macaca mulatta ; Mass Spectrometry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry

Background The neovascular form of the disease usually causes severe vision loss in a number of eye diseases.Special-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) provides high-quality in retinal imaging and the possibility of the measurement in vivo.Objective This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of SD-OCT dynamically measuring choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Methods CNV was induced in 30 left eyes of 30 clean Brown Norway(BN)rats by retinal photocoagulation with the laser parameter as follows: wavelength 532 nm,exciting power 200 mW,spot diameter 100 μm and irradiating time 50 ms.Bubble or less retinal bleeding was thought as Brunch membrane breakage and CNV model establishment.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA) was performed to determine the establishment of CNV model and scored based on the fluorescein leakage on 3,7,14,21 days after photocoagulation.Meanwhile,CNV memberane thickness (CMT) was dynamically measured in vivo as the maxiume value from retinal inner limiting membrane through choroidal vessel layer in various time points.Histopathologic examination was used in the 14th day to evaluate and verify the result of SD-OCT.The right eyes were as controls.Results FFA examination showed that disc-like leakage of fluorescein appeared in 7 days and extended in 14 days after photocoagulation with the scores of 1.6±0.4,2.5±0.6 and 2.4±0.5 in 7,14 and 21 days,showing a significant difference among them(F=13.11,P＜0.01).The fluorescein leakage score was significantly higher in 14 and 21 days than that of 7 days(both P＜0.05).CMT measured by SD-OCT was(76.33±10.09),(102.03±14.21)and(98.03±13.76) μm in 7,14 and 21 days after photocoagulation respectively,with a significant difference among 3 time points (F=23.25,P＜0.01),and that in 14 and 21 days was significantly declined in comparison with 7 days(both P＜0.05).The results of SD-OCT showed a consistent tendency with that of FFA.Histopathological examination showed CNV formation in 14 days after photocoagulation.Conclusions Experimental CNV model was successfully induced by laser photography.SD-OCT technology allows excellent visualization of CNV in vivo.

Background and purpose: It has been demonstrated that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is over-expressed in some subtypes of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), and COX-2 correlates with the expression of P-glycoprotein and Bcl-2, which may contribute to chemotherapy-resistance in NHL. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of COX-2 in B-cell lymphoma cell lines and the potential mechanisms of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, to sensitize lymphoma cell lines to epirubicin. Methods: Quantitative fluorescent real-time poly-chain-reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were employed to determine the expression of COX-2 in Raji, Jeko-1 and Namalwa cell lines, as well as in peripheral blood B cells from normal controls. Cell lines were treated with celecoxib at gradient concentrations, followed by the detection of cell viabilities by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8).Meanwhile, the changes in expression of MDR-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA before and after celecoxib treatment were determined by qRT-PCR. Raji cells were treated with epirubicin alone or in combination with gradient concentrations of celecoxib for 72 h, then CCK-8 was used to analyze whether celecoxib sensitize Raji cells to epirubicin. Results:Neither lymphoma cell lines nor normal B cells expressed detectable COX-2 in this study. Celecoxib inhibited the proliferation of the 3 lymphoma cell lines, and the mRNA expressions of MDR-1 and Bcl-2 were decreased by celecoxib in a concentration-dependent manner, except for that MDR-1 was undetectable in Jeko-1 cells. In addition, celecoxib sensitized Raji cells to epirubicin, indicating a synergistic anti-tumor effect between the two agents. Conclusion:Selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib down-regulates the expressions of MDR-1 mRNA and Bcl-2 mRNA in B-cell-originated lymphoma cell lines, and sensitizes Raji cells to epirubicin.