OBJECTIVETo compare the pituitary down-regulatory effects of the two gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists Alarelin and Triptorelin in the long protocol of ovulation induction in in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

METHODSWe included in this study 122 patients aged 24-39 years treated by IVF-ET for secondary infertility, with 10-20 pre-antral follicles and obstruction of the fallopian tube. Seventy-eight of them received Alarelin, and the other 44 Triptorelin. Comparative analyses were made on the pituitary down-regulatory effects of the two gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists and the clinical outcomes of IVF-ET.

RESULTSNo premature LH surge and ovulation, nor severe hyperovarian stimulation syndrome was found in either group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the mean dose and duration of gonodatropin treatment, the numbers of oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes and top-quality embryos, and the rates of 2PN, multi-sperm fertilization, cleavage, embryo transfer, embryo implantation, clinical pregnancy and early miscarriage (P > 0.05), but the rate of cancelled cycles was significantly higher in the Triptorelin than in the Alarelin group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlarelin and Triptorelin can achieve similar pituitary down-regulatory effects and clinical outcomes in IVF-ET when used in the long protocol of ovulation induction.

Adult ; Embryo Transfer ; methods ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; methods ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; agonists ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; therapy ; Ovulation Induction ; methods ; Pituitary Gland ; drug effects ; Triptorelin Pamoate ; pharmacology

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by metabolic disorders in carbohydrates,lipids and proteins.Recently,metabolomics has been widely applied in type 2 diabetes mellitus research,achieves fruitful results and shows promising perspective.This paper provides a brief overview of the latest progress in prediction and early clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on metabolomics.

OBJECTIVEB8R gene encodes a secreted protein with homology to IFN-gamma receptor, which neutralizes the antiviral and immunological regulation activities of IFN-gamma. To improve the safety of vaccinia virus vector, an attenuated recombinant vaccinia virus with the B8R gene deletion from Tiantan vaccine strain (VTT) was constructed.

METHODSThe transfer vectors were generated by joining B8R left flank, B8R right flank, vv promoter, LacZ, multicloning site and pBRSK fragments. The recombinant viruses VTTdeltaB8RLacZ (VTT with B8R deletion and LacZ insertion) were constructed by homologous recombination.

RESULTSThe B8R deletion mutants were confirmed by dot blot with B8R gene probe and PCR amplification. The replication ability of VTTdeltaB8RLacZ strain in vitro was similar to that of the VTT. The skin lesions formed by VTTdeltaB8RLacZ (10(6) pfu) were significantly smaller and healed faster than those formed by VTT when injected intradermally to the rabbits,and no visible ulceration occurred. Meanwhile LacZ in VTKgpedeltaB8RLacZ was expressed stably.

CONCLUSIONSThe attenuated vector with B8R gene deletion improves the safety of recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine B8R locus may be used as a new site for insertion of foreign genes in vaccinia virus vector.

Animals ; Cell Line ; Chick Embryo ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Interferon ; genetics ; physiology ; Recombination, Genetic ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; immunology ; Vaccinia virus ; genetics ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Virulence ; Virus Replication

OBJECTIVETo investigate the immunogenicity of HIV vaccine vTKgpe based on Vaccinia Virus Tiantan vector in mice and rabbits.

METHODSMice were inoculated with HIV vaccine vTKgpe by intramuscular (i.m.), intradermal (i.d.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) injections. Blood sample were collected every week, and then antibodies against HIV and vaccinia virus vector were detected. At week 4, some mice were killed and cellular immune responses were examined by flow cytometer. Additionally two rabbits were vaccinated subcutaneously, blood sample were tested as done with mice.

RESULTSIn mice i.m. and s.c. groups, HIV specific antibodies emerged at week 2 and declined at week 4. Antibodies against vector elevated rapidly at week 4, and potentially affected HIV specific antibody detection. Cellular immune responses were only detected in s.c. group. Serum of rabbit showed that anti-HIV antibody appeared at week 2 and maintained for several weeks.

CONCLUSIONVaccine vTKgpe innoculated by i.m. and s.c routes inclined to induce humoral immune responses in mice, but in i.d. group, inclined to induce cellular immune responses. Response to the recombinant vaccinia virus was more sensitive in rabbit than in mice.

AIDS Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; immunology ; HIV Antibodies ; blood ; Immunization ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Rabbits ; Recombination, Genetic ; Species Specificity ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; genetics ; immunology ; Vaccinia virus ; genetics ; immunology

BACKGROUND: Either good biocompatibility and biological activity of active biological materials or the potential of multidirectional differentiation of neural stem cells has great application prospect and value. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of neurotrophic factor 3-chitosan active biomaterial scaffolds on the differentiation of neural stem cells and the expression of key proteins of the neurotrophic factor 3 signal pathway in vitro. METHODS: The neural stem cells were extracted and purified, and then divided into pure culture medium group, soluble neurotrophic factor 3 group, pure chitosan group, and neurotrophic factor 3-chitosan group for differentiation induction. The expression of TrkC, Akt / p-Akt and Erk/p-Erk in the neurotrophic factor 3 signaling pathway was detected by western blot after 6 hours of induction. After 7 days of induction, differentiation of neural stem cells was observed by immunocytochemistry of MAP2, MBP, and GFAP. After 14 days of induction, formation of neural network induced by neurotrophic factor 3-chitosan active biomaterials was observed by immunocytochemistry of MAP2, Synapsin-1, and PSD95. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The neurotrophic factor 3-chitosan group induced a high proportion of neural stem cells differentiated into neurons, with a ratio of 73.8%, which was significantly higher than that in the other three groups. Meanwhile, the proportion of cells differentiated into glial cells waslower than that in the other three groups. The expression of key proteins TrkC, p-Akt and p-Erk in the neurotrophic factor 3-chitosan group was higher than that in the other three groups. Meanwhile, neurotrophic factor 3-chitosan could induce the in vitro differentiation of neural stem cells to form neural network.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Hyperuricemic nephropathy is a common cause of acute kidney injury. Resveratrol can ameliorate kidney injury, but the explicit mechanism remains unclear.We investigated the effects of resveratrol on the inflammatory response and renal injury in hyperuricemic rats.MATERIALS/METHODS: A rat model of hyperuricemic nephropathy was established by the oral administration of a mixture of adenine and potassium oxinate. Biochemical analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining were performed to assess the rat kidney function. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assays were performed to evaluate the immune and oxidative responses. RESULTS: The expression levels of urine albumin and β2-microglobulin were significantly decreased after resveratrol treatment. In addition, the levels of serum creatinine and uric acid were significantly decreased in the resveratrol groups, compared with the control group.The levels of proinflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α, in kidney tissue and serum were also increased in the hyperuricemic rats, and resveratrol treatment inhibited their expression. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity in kidney tissue as well as the superoxide dismutase and xanthine oxidase levels in serum were all decreased by resveratrol treatment. CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol may protect against hyperuricemic nephropathy through regulating the inflammatory response.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the laparoscopic partial gastrectomy and the indications. METHODS: Eighteen patients who underwent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy from August 2005 to May 2006 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Sixteen patients (including 6 with gastric cancer, 9 with duodenal ulcer, and 1 with gastric multiple polyps) underwent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy. The other two patients underwent an open surgical procedure (1 patient with the tumor size large than 6 cm, and the other patient with bleeding after loosening one clip). The rate of intraoperative subcutaneous emphysema was 5.88% (1/17), and no death occurred. The operation time was (285+/-30)min on average, the estimated blood loss was (130+/-50)mL, and the hospitalization was (11+/-4)d. One case of obstruction of distal loop happened after the surgery, and the rate was 6.25% (1/16). The patients were followed up for 1 approximately 9 months postoperatively. Trocar puncture-site metastases occurred in one patient. CONCLUSION Laparoscopic partial gastrectomy is safe and feasible with skillful laparoscopic technique and with restricted indications, and the surgical outcome may be similar to that of the open surgery.
Adult ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Diseases ; surgery

Conversion therapy such as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC)is the main treatment method to transform unresectable advanced liver cancer into resectable liver cancer,which can not only effectively increase the survival rate of patients,but also provide patients with the opportunity of liver transplantation.However,pain is a major complication of TACE and HAIC in the treatment of liver cancer,and the incidence of abdominal pain after TACE is from 19.3%to 71.2%,and nearly 64.6%of patients have different degrees of pain during HAIC,which seriously affects the quality of life of patients and shortens their survival time.At present,the mechanism of pains caused by TACE and HAIC is not clear,and it may be related to local liver tissue swelling after embolic agents block the tumor blood supply artery,increased pressure in the liver tissue envelope or traction of the mass capsule,chemical stimulation of the hepatic artery by embolic agents and antineoplastic drugs,thrombosis adjacent to the normal organs,and visceral pain sensitization caused by intestinal ischemia.There are two main intervention measures for pain,one of which is lidocaine,opioids,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids,and the other is wrist and ankle acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine decoction,but their treatment effects are uneven.This article summarizes the status and treatment of pain caused by TACE and HAIC therapies for liver cancer,in order to provide reference for its clinical treatment.

Objective To identification and analysis Aichi virus from diarrhea and normal children in Lanzhou, and discuss the relationship between Aichi virus and Infant Diarrhea. Methods According to the literature published data, Using RT-PCR method to amplified Aichi virus 3CD fragment and the positive products were sequenced and determined, and made the alignment analysis between the nucleotide sequences of the amplified fragment with the known sequence of this virus. Results There was 1 case detection of Aichi virus in the 46 hospitalized children with diarrhea and 299 children with diarrhea out-patients specifically, Overall detection rate was 0.06% , and there was no Aichi virus was detected in normal control children. 2 viral 3CD gene and the known reference strains of nucleotide sequences were 97% , while phylogenetic analysis showed that genotype of 2 viral belongs to the B. Conclusions There existed B Genotype of Aichi virus in China, and more research is needed to clarified the etiology and epidemiology of Aichi virus characteristics.

Objective To determine the influences of Mannose binding protein (MBP) gene polymorphisms on HBV DNA loads and on the progression of liver disease in patients with chronic HBV infeclion.Method The Codons on 54 MBP gene polymorphisms and HBV DNA loads in a cohort of 395 patients with chronic HBV infection,including 244 with chronic hepatitis B (CHB),151 with liver cirrhosis(LC) and 88 normal controls were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR).Result The MBP genotype frequencies of GGC/GAC and alleles genetic frequencies of GAC in CHB group showed no significant differences comparing to the normal control group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The MBP genotype frequencies of GGC/GAC and alleles genetic frequencies of GAC on CHB group (severe),compensation phase of LC group and decompensation phase of LC group were higher than those in the normal control group (P ＜ 0.05 ),the genetic polymorphism of decompensation of LC was 36.5 ％,highest of all.The MBP genotype frequencies of GGC/GAC and alleles genetic frequencies of GAC of patients with chronic HBV infection were not changed with the differences of HBV-DNA loads.Conclusion The codes on 54 MBP gene polymorphisms is not closely related to HBV DNA loads,but was associated with the progression of hepatitis B infection.