Chromosome 22qll deletion syndrome(22q11DS) is a common chromosomal microdeletion syndrome. Its clinical manifestation is complex, comprising congenital heart disease, dysmorphic facial, immunodeficiency, endocrine dysfunction and so on. The syndrome has a population prevalence of approximately 1/2500-1/4000. There have been many recent advances in understanding of the clinical manifestation, behavior and psychiatric problems and the mechanisms leading to the specific phenotypic features in chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome. Asymmetric recombination of homologous low copy repetitives in the deletion region causes the deletion of 22q11. TBX1 is the dominant gene contributing to the phenotype.

The immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is mainly composed of tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and other cellular components, as well as extracellular components, such as cytokines, growth factors and extracellular matrix, etc. In China, most liver cancer patients are complicated with chronic hepatitis B and cirrhosis. Immune microenvironment promotes the incidence and progression of HCC, immune escape and treatment resistance, and exerts immunosuppressive effect. In recent years, significant progress has been made in immunotherapy for systemic treatment of HCC, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, in the KEYNOTE-240 and CheckMate 459 trials, anti-PD-1 therapy with nivolumab or pembrolizumab as a single drug failed to reach the expected overall survival endpoint. At present, it is urgent to deepen the understanding of immune microenvironment of HCC and explore novel therapies to improve clinical efficacy of ICIs. Currently, the combination of ICIs with other therapies (such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies or local therapy) has been proven to improve the efficiency of single ICIs. In this article, research progress in immune microenvironment, immunotherapy and immune combined with targeted therapy for HCC was reviewed.

Objective To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of gatifloxacin gel to bacterial conjunctivitis. Methods Double-blind and random selection were designed for the study,with levofloxacin gel as the control medicine.Thirty-six eyes of the experimental group and 36 of the control group were eligible for evaluation.Each eye received the gel one drop a time and three times per day.The gels were applied to the conjunctiva sac for 7 d. Results The clinic effectiveness of experimental group and control group were 88.89% and 91.67%,which indicated no significant difference.Microbial eradication rates were 90.48% and 93.75%,no significant difference either.Safety composite scores were similar between groups. Conclusion Gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel is safe and effective for treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis,and contains certain clinical value.

Objective Severe sepsis, especially complicated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) ,remains a serious problem in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of sepsis and the cause of death for septic patients. Methods A cohort of severe sepsis admitted to PICU between Jan 2008 and Dec 2008 was enrolled in the study. Forty six variables were included in the univariate analysis as potential risk factors for mortality in severe sepsis, followed by logistic regression analysis. Results Forty five children were enrolled with a mortality of 32. 1%. The risk factors of mortality were assessed using the PRISM Ⅲ score ( OR 1. 502;95% CI 1. 131 ～ 1.995) and maximum platelet count during hospitalization ( OR 0. 991 ;95% CI 0.982 ～ 1.000). The mortality of severe sepsis complicated with 1,2,3,4 or more organ dysfunction was 10.0%, 11.1%, 44. 4% and 68. 8 %, respectively ( P ＜ 0. 001 ). The organ dysfunction most frequently appeared in the cardiovascular system (75.6%) and respiratory system (66.7%). In severely septic children with MODS, respiratory failure (OR 23. 179; 95% CI 2.095 ～256. 522) and renal failure( OR 9. 637 ;95% CI 1. 698 ～ 54. 703) were the main risk factors of death. Conclusion The risk factors of death in severe sepsis were PRISM Ⅲ score and maximum platelet count during hospitalization. Severe sepsis combined with MODS had a poor prognosis, with a positive correlation between the number of dysfunctional organs and mortality rate. Respiratory and renal failure rate was associated with death in severe sepsis with MODS.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiology ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Female ; Fetus ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; physiology ; Metals ; toxicity ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; physiology ; Pregnancy ; Stress, Psychological ; complications

Adult ; Bloodletting ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Chiropractic ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Stents

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Aged ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Objective To investigate pregnancy complications,cesarean delivery and abnormal fetal presentation in women with uterine anomalies.Methods Fifty women diagnosed with uterine malformation and sixty women with normal uterus were retrospectively analyzed .Results The group comprised women with uterine malformation had significantly higher stillbirth or fetal death (P <0.05) and lower rates of the full-term delivery(P <0.05) than that of the control group.The subgroup comprised women with uterine anomalies had significantly higher rates of cesare -an section(P <0.05) and abnormal fetal position(P <0.05) than the control group.The birth weight and length of infant in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P <0.05).The rate of placenta abnormalities in uterine anomalies was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.05).The incidences of premature rupture of membrane,cord entanglement,oligohydramnios,postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia in observation group were no significant difference than those in control group .The rate of premature rupture of membrane(PROM) in uterus unicornis was significantly higher than that in other types (P <0.05).Conclusion Compared with women with normal uterus ,the incidences of abnormal fetal position ,the placenta abnormalities,pre-mature delivery,and stillbirth or fetal death in women with congenital uterine anomalies are high .Uterine anomalies are associated with a decrease in the birth weight and length .We should pay more attention to finding the uterine malformation and treatment before pregnancy .Antenatal care should be reinforced in pregnancy women with uterine anomalies.

Tremendous success has emerged in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy over the past few years, especially in leukemia and lymphoma. The first CAR-T cell product might be available in America in 2017 due to the emergence of the critical results. This paper focused on the key data presented at the 58th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting.