Chromosome 22qll deletion syndrome(22q11DS) is a common chromosomal microdeletion syndrome. Its clinical manifestation is complex, comprising congenital heart disease, dysmorphic facial, immunodeficiency, endocrine dysfunction and so on. The syndrome has a population prevalence of approximately 1/2500-1/4000. There have been many recent advances in understanding of the clinical manifestation, behavior and psychiatric problems and the mechanisms leading to the specific phenotypic features in chromosome 22q11 deletion syndrome. Asymmetric recombination of homologous low copy repetitives in the deletion region causes the deletion of 22q11. TBX1 is the dominant gene contributing to the phenotype.

Objective To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of gatifloxacin gel to bacterial conjunctivitis. Methods Double-blind and random selection were designed for the study,with levofloxacin gel as the control medicine.Thirty-six eyes of the experimental group and 36 of the control group were eligible for evaluation.Each eye received the gel one drop a time and three times per day.The gels were applied to the conjunctiva sac for 7 d. Results The clinic effectiveness of experimental group and control group were 88.89% and 91.67%,which indicated no significant difference.Microbial eradication rates were 90.48% and 93.75%,no significant difference either.Safety composite scores were similar between groups. Conclusion Gatifloxacin ophthalmic gel is safe and effective for treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis,and contains certain clinical value.

Objective To assess the effect of lung protective ventilation on outcome of children with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Between January 1999 and December 2007,43 children with ARDS were enrolled from PICU of Shanghai Children's Medical Center and assigned to the protective-ventilation group(group A) or the conventional-ventilation group(group B).The patients in group A (from January 2004 to December 2007)received lower tidal volume(6～7 ml/kg) and high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP),and optimal oxygenation was achieved by adjusting FiO2 and PEEP.The patients in group B(from January 1999 to December 2003) received relatively higher tidal volume(8～12 mL/kg) with lower PEEP(2～6 cm H2O),and optimal oxygenation was achieved by adjusting FiO2.Tidal volume,PEEP,arterial blood gas,mortality and the number of ventilator-free days were compared between the two groups.Results Since protective ventilation was adopted after 2004,tidal volume was significantly lower in group A[(7.09±1.66)ml/kg]as compared with that in group B[(9.82±2.31) ml/kg](P=0.001).PEEP was significantly higher in group A[(7.15±2.08) cm H2O]as compared with that of group B[(5.40 + 1.84) cm H2O](P=0.021).The mortality was 30.3% in group A and 60.0% in group B.The number of ventilator-free days were(10.88±8.84) d in group A and(8.40±10.86) d in group B.Although mortality was lower and number of ventilator-free days was greater in group A,no significant differences were found between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Lung protective ventilation may improve the outcome for pediatric patients with ARDS,however,larger trials are required before a definite conclusion can be reached.

Objective Severe sepsis, especially complicated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) ,remains a serious problem in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics of sepsis and the cause of death for septic patients. Methods A cohort of severe sepsis admitted to PICU between Jan 2008 and Dec 2008 was enrolled in the study. Forty six variables were included in the univariate analysis as potential risk factors for mortality in severe sepsis, followed by logistic regression analysis. Results Forty five children were enrolled with a mortality of 32. 1%. The risk factors of mortality were assessed using the PRISM Ⅲ score ( OR 1. 502;95% CI 1. 131 ～ 1.995) and maximum platelet count during hospitalization ( OR 0. 991 ;95% CI 0.982 ～ 1.000). The mortality of severe sepsis complicated with 1,2,3,4 or more organ dysfunction was 10.0%, 11.1%, 44. 4% and 68. 8 %, respectively ( P ＜ 0. 001 ). The organ dysfunction most frequently appeared in the cardiovascular system (75.6%) and respiratory system (66.7%). In severely septic children with MODS, respiratory failure (OR 23. 179; 95% CI 2.095 ～256. 522) and renal failure( OR 9. 637 ;95% CI 1. 698 ～ 54. 703) were the main risk factors of death. Conclusion The risk factors of death in severe sepsis were PRISM Ⅲ score and maximum platelet count during hospitalization. Severe sepsis combined with MODS had a poor prognosis, with a positive correlation between the number of dysfunctional organs and mortality rate. Respiratory and renal failure rate was associated with death in severe sepsis with MODS.

Objective　To investigate the effect of placental isoferritin in pathogenesis of preeclampsia and its predictive value. Methods　A prospective double-blinded study was performed. There were 120 initial normal pregnant women at earlier third trimester (from 24 to 34 weeks) in this study. Their plasma placental isoferritin and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites (nitrite/nitrate) (NO2-/NO3-) were examined by enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA) and Griess assay respectively. The outcomes of pregnancies were followed up. Results　In 120 initial normal pregnant women, 19 pregnant women occurred preeclampsia (preeclampsia group), and 101 cases were normal (normal group) at follow up. The levels of plasma placental isoferritin (PLF) were significantly decreased in preeclampsia group (285.31±53.73 mg/L) than that of normal group (699.05±203.03) mg/L, P＜0.01. The levels of plasma NO were significantly increased in preeclampsia group (54.57±32.71 μmol/L) than that of normal group (38.89±30.00) μmol/L, P＜0.05. The significant negative correlation between the plasma placental isoferritin and NO levels was observed（r=0.329，P<0.01）. At the cut point of 400 mg/L PLF level, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and Kappa index of PLF level predicting on the outcomes of pregnancy with preeclampsia were 100%, 85.15%, 55.88%, 100%, 0.645. Conclusions　 The decrease of plasma placental isoferritin levels is associated with preeclampsia, and the endothelial cell damage may be one of its mechanism. The PLF may be an earlier predictor of preeclampsia at 24～34 gestational weeks.

Separations of neurotransmitters such as dopamine (DA), ser otonin (5-HA), norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) were performed successf ully using a homemade electric field modulated capillary electrophoretic system, which could offer both radial and axial electric fields with only one high volt age power supply. DA and 5-HT were eluted simulaneously and could not be resolv ed in 0.01 mol/L phosphate buffer at pH 2.5. Alcohol additives, such as methanol , ethanol or 1-propanol were added to the buffer to change the solvation shell of the solutes, which changed their effective sizes and electrophoretic mobiliti es of the solutes accordingly. The optimum composition was a buffer of 20% (V ／V） 1-propanol, with resulted resolutions 0.74 (DA/5-HT), 0.56(5-HT/NE) and 0.77 (NE/E). If a positive radial voltage of 6.6 kV was applied, the resolut ions were improved to 1.48, 0.71 and 1.32, respectively.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Stents

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Aged ; Carcinoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chromogranin A ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; metabolism ; pathology ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Rectal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Adult ; Bloodletting ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Chiropractic ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective: To observe the anti-hypertensive effect of pomegranate polyphenols in spontaneously hypertensive rats ( SHR) and explore the underlying mechanism. Methods:Totally 40 male SHR rats at the age of 12 weeks were randomly divided into five groups:SHR control group, pomegranate polyphenols groups respectively at the dose of 120 mg·kg-1 , 240 mg·kg-1 and 480 mg ·kg-1 , and captopril group at the dose of 15 mg·kg-1 . The age-matched Wistar-Kyoto ( WKY) rats were randomly divided into two groups:WKY control group and pomegranate polyphenols group at the dose of 480 mg·kg-1 . All the rats were given corresponding drug or water by intragastric administration for four weeks. The systolic blood pressure ( SBP) and diastolic blood pressure ( DBP) were measured weekly. After the 4-week administration, the rats were fasted 12 hours and anaesthetized with 25% urethane solution. The blood samples were collected from abdominal aorta. The serum concentrations of angiotensin II ( Ang II) and endothelin ( ET) were de-termined by euzymelinked immunosorbent assay. The concentration of nitric oxide ( NO) in serum was determined by nitrate reduction test. Results:Pomegranate polyphenols could significantly lower the SBP and DBP, decrease the serum concentrations of Ang II and ET, and increase the serum concentration of NO(P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, pomegranate polyphenols had no effects on blood pressure and vasoactive substances in WKY rats. Conclusion: Pomegranate polyphenols has anti-hypertensive effect in SHR rats. The mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of vasoactive substances, such as Ang II, ET and NO.