This article was aimed to study on clinical application of Shanyao (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in each historical period, which can offer some suggestions for clinical doctors to use Shanyao correctly. A total of 668 pieces of formulae containing Shanyao were recorded from the classic format Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula. And then, statistic analysis was made on the emerging frequency according to its effect. The results showed that different effects of Shanyao started to be widely applied from the Song dynasty. It was most widely applied in the Ming and Qing dynasty. Nowadays, the difference between using Shanyao has been gradually decreased. During the whole historical period, clinical functions of Shanyao are mainly reinforcing the spleen and the stomach, tonifying the kidney and strengthening yin. However, clinical functions of reinforcing the kidney and restraining yin, tonifying the lung and promoting fluid are used secondly. It was concluded that the research analyzed clinical application of Shanyao in each historical period, which can offer scientific basis for clinical practice and health maintenance with the using of Shanyao.

This study was aimed to optimize extraction process of formula granules of Clematis chinensis Osbeck and establish its qualitative discrimination method. With oleanolic acid, hederagenin and extract rate as indexes, extraction technology conditions of formula granules of C. chinensis Osbeck were investigated by L9 (34) orthogonal test method. TLC was used in the qualitative discrimination of formula granules of C. chinensis Osbeck. The results showed that optimum extraction technology was: adding 12 times of water; soaking for 0.5 h; cooking for 1 h; and extracting for 3 times. TLC had the diagnostic characteristic for the distinct spot which illustrated the specificity. It was concluded that the extraction process was reasonable, simple and feasible with high extraction efficiency of ef-fective contents, which can be the scientific basis for production and quality control of formula granules of C. chin-ensis Osbeck.

This study was aimed to carry out the research by statistics to analyze the influence of specific clinical function of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. from the viewpoint of prescription in order to summarize its rules. Formula containing D. opposita Thunb. in the classic book of the Formula Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recorded. The prescription type of D. opposita Thunb. was taken as the mainline. Excellwas used in the chart analy-sis. The results showed that for the function of reinforcing spleen-stomach, the effect of powder was increased, but the effect of pill was reduced. For the function of reinforcing lung and generating essence, the effect of decoction was significantly increased, but the effect of pill was significantly reduced. For the function of reinforcing kidney-yin, the effect of pill was significantly increased, but the effect of decoction was reduced. For the function of strengthening the kidney and restraining yin, the effect of powder was reduced. It was concluded that preparation had a strong in-fluence on the clinical function of D. opposita Thunb., which provided references for both clinical practice and health cultivation.

Objective To investigate the impact of propofol and midazolam on the time course of extubation in patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods The patients were randomly divided into the propofol group(n=37)and the midazolam group(n=52),which were further divided into three sedation stratums.The administration of two drugs were stoped immediately while weaning from the ventilator.The awakening time and extubation time of the two groups were recorded and compared with each other.Results Both awakening time and extubation time of the propofol groups were shorter than those of the midazolam group(P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of blue-green light phototherapy for jaundice in preterm newborns.Methods Total 124 preterm newborns with birth-weight below 2000 g were included in this study.Infants in group A (gestation age ≤32 weeks or/and instability,n =72) were treated with bluegreen light (group A1 ) or with single side blue light (group A2) randomly.Infants with gestation age ＞32weeks or/and stability (n =52) were also treated with blue-green light (group B1 ) or with single side blue light ( group B2) randomly.Peak levels of serum bilirubin ( PSB),the withdrawal time of jaundice and the duration of phototherapy were compared between groups.Results Group A:PSB of groupAl was lower than that of groupA2 [ (219 ± 31 ) μmol/L vs.( 257 ± 39 ) μ mol/L,P ＜ 0.01 ].The withdrawal time of jaundice group Al was earlier than that of group A2 [ ( 10.3 ±3.0) d vs.( 16.2 ±4.2) d,P ＜0.01 ].The duration of phototherapy of groupA1 was shorter than that of group A2 [ (87 ±34) h vs.(23 ±49) h,P ＜0.01 ].Group B:There were no differences in PSB and withdrawal time of jaundice between two subgroups ( P ＞0.05).The duration of phototherapy of groupB1 was shorter than that of group B2 [ (59 ±23) h vs.(73 ±74) h,P ＜ 0.05 ].Conclusion Blue-green light phototherapy is more effective than single side of blue light in treatment of jaundice in preterm newborns.

Objective To make sure if there is single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) of c135 in RET proto-oncogene in Han ethnic group of Shaan Xi,China and investigate the relationship between Hirschsprung disease(HSCR) and SNP of RET proto-oncogene c135.Methods A total of 40 blood samples were collected from healthy donors through cluster sampling in Xi'an,Shaan Xi province.Sixteen tissues in aganglionic segments of HSCR were studied(they were all sporadic in Han ethnic group of Shaan Xi province of China and diagnosed by pathology).DNA was isolated from above samples and PCR amplified.The fragment of products were 300 case pairs(bp) which located in RET exon2 including c135.All of fragments were purified and directly sequenced and analyzed by related software and statistical methods.Results There really existed the single nucleotide polymorphisms of c135 A/G of RET in controls.A,G allele frequency was 0.475 and 0.525,respectively,and there was no distinctive dominant genotype.In patient group,A,G allele frequency was 0.844 and 0.156,respectively.c135A genotype was dominant in patients.There was significant statistical difference between patients and controls in RET c135A/G(PA.There is relationship between the disease and the c135 A genotype of RET.c135A genotype in the RET proto-oncogene are over-expressed in patients with Hirschsprung disease.

Objective: To develop a Constructive Thinking Scale for Chinese pupils. Methods: Data were collected from a sample of 302 primary school pupils tested with the Constructive Thinking Scale. Results: ①Item analysis showed that the Constructive Thinking Scale had satisfactory item discrimination; ②The Constructive Thinking Scale had a satisfactory reliability with a 0.83 test-retest reliability, and the Cronbach’s ? was 0.88; ③The result of EFA had five factors, and the range of factor loading was between 0.36 and 0.75. The final revised questionnaire included 23 items, which could explain 53.13% of the total variances. The scale had an ideal criterion validity. Conclusion: The Constructive Thinking Scale for pupils has ideal reliability and validity, and can be used in assessing Chinese pupils’ constructive thinking .

Objective:To develop an Emotional Intelligence Scale for Chinese pupils.Methods:Data were collected from a sample of 288 primary school students tested by the Emotional Intelligence Scale.Results:①Item analysis showed that the Emotional Intelligence Scale had satisfactory item discrimination.② The Emotional Intelligence Scale had a satisfactory reliability with a 0.90 test-retest reliability and the Cronbach's ? was 0.89.③The result of EFA had five factors,and the range of factor loading was between 0.40 and 0.77.The final revised questionnaire included 25 items,explaining 54.33% of the total variances.④The result of independent-sample t test showed significant gender differences in emotional intelligence.Conclusion:The Emotional Intelligence Scale for pupils has ideal reliability and validity.

Objective To explore the relationship between work engagement and job-person fit among nurses.Methods 465 nurses from five first-class general hospitals in Chengdu were assessed by the Utrecht Work Engagement scale(UWES)and the Areas of Worklife Survey(AWS).Results The mean value of work engagement among nurses was (3.21±1.09).Work engagement and job-person fit were positively related.Regression analysis suggested that job-person fits were significant predictors of nurses'work engagement.Exactly,value fit,workload fit,control fit and fairness fit were effective predictors of vigor.Value fit,fairness fit,reward fit and workload fit were effective predictors of dedication.Value fit,control fit,fairness fit and community fit were effective predictors of absorption.Conclusions The work engagement in nurses was at the moderate level.Job-person fits were powerful predictors of work engagement.Good fit among the six areas of work life can improve the work engagement among nurses.