Objective To observe absorption of exogenous nerve growth factor(NGF) between normal newborn rats and newborn rats with hypoxidosis.Methods Thirty-two healthy newborn rats(7 days of age) were divided into experiment group and normal group.Experiment rats were made into hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD) model.NGF labeled with()~(125)I or()~(125)I was injected into the rats abdominant.All of the rats were killed and brain was removed after 30 minutes.The brain was dissected into basal forebrain,forehead cortex,hippocampus,thalamus,cerebellum,smellorb,pituitary tissue samples were assayed for radioactivity in a two-channel gamma counter.Results Absorptions of two groups(()~(125)I-NGF) were significantly higher than those of()~(125)I in basal forebrain,cortex,hippocampus,cerebellum.Absorptions of hypoxic group were significantly higher than those of control group in cortex,hippocampus,cerebellum.Conclusions NGF can penertrate blood brain barrier of newborn rats into brain regions by means of peripheral administration.Early application of NGF for treating hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) is feasible.

Objective To investigate and improve the methods of nasal feeding to reduce the occurrence of complication such as diarrhea and vomiting.Methods We separated 140 patients with heavy craniocerebral injury into the control group (50 patients) and the experimental group (90 patients) according to different nasal feeding methods. For the control group traditional method was used. For the experimental group infusion pump was used to control infusion rate. The incidence of complication was compared between two groups. And within experimental group, the same nutrient solutions in respect of type and volume were infused during 10 hours, 16 hours, and 18 hours respectively. The relationship between infusion rate and the occurrence of complication was observed, analyzed and compared to seek for the most suitable enteral nutrition route which incurred the least complication.Results The incidence of diarrhea and vomiting in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. And there were no significant differences in the occurrence of complication by using infusion pump at three different infusion rates within the experimental group. Conclusions The application of infusion pump in nasal feeding can reduce the incidence of complication and infusing nutrient solution at a slow rate was not necessary.

Objective To compare the changes of corneal endothelial cells in early recovery period after 1.8 mm small incision phacoemulsification nucleus chopping and conventional incision phacoemulsification for cataract.Methods Fifty-three patients with cataract were divided into the observation group and control group according to different operation methods.The observation group was treated with 1.8 mm small incision phacoemuisification nucleus chopping while the control group was treated with routine incision phacoemuisification.The visual acuity,degree of astigmatism,corneal endothelial cell indexes and complications were observed.Results The effective ultrasound time and average ultrasonic energy of the observation group were significantly less than those of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with 1 day before operation,the visual acuity,degree of astigmatism,corneal endothelial cell area (ECA) and coefficient of variation (CV) were significantly increased at 1 week and 4 weeks after operation,and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) was significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).The visual acuity and ECD levels of the observation group at 1 day,1 week and 4 weeks after operation were significantly higher than those of the control group,while the degree of astigmatism,ECA and CV were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with the traditional incision phacoemulsification,the damage of 1.8 mm small incision phacoemulsification nucleus chopping to corneal endothelial cells is significantly milder,can reduce the effective ultrasound time and average ultrasonic energy,decrease the degree of astigmatism,improve the visual acuity and decrease the corneal edema.

Objective In this study,we measured the levels of urinary monocyte chemoattractant (MCP)-1 and interferon-γ-inducible protein (IP-10) and further analyzed their associations with clinical and pathological data in lupus nephritis patients in order to find the non-invasive biomarkers which canpredict disease activity.Methods MCP-1,IP-10,VEGF levels were measured in urine samples from 64 lupus nephritis patients and 20 healthy volunteers.Clinical disease activity was determined by SLEDAI and BILAG scores.The lupus nephritis patients were divided into two groups:active disease group (SLEDAI scores ≥ 10points,n=36) and non-active group (SLEDAI score＜10 points,n=28).Of all patients enrolled,37 patients had a concomitant kidney biopsy performed at the time of urine collection.The predictive performance of uri-nary MCP-1 and IP-10 for renal flare,the Student's t test,Mann-Whitney U test,Chi-square test,and re-ceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for analysis.Results The urinary MCP-1 and urinary IP-10 levels of the active group was significantly higher than that of the non-active group [MCP-1672.39(318.05,2 554.23)pg/ml vs 152.52,(55.61,330.44)pg/ml,Z=-4.717,P＜0.01; IP-10 (38±19) pg/ml vs (22±16) pg/ml,t=3.576 P＜0.01].The level of urinary MCP-1 was positively correlated with the levels of hematuria and 24 hours protein quan-tification,as well as the scores of SLEDAI and BILAG (rbemahuria=0.570,P=0.000; r24hpro=0.569,P=0.000; rSLEDAI=0.600,P=0.000; rBILAG=0.606,P=0.000),and it was also positively correlated with the scores of cellular crescent,wire loop,and AI (rCC=0.405,P=0.015; rwire loop=0.430,P=0.014; rAI=0.352,P=0.003),while nega-tively correlated with the level of C3 and plasma albumin (rc3=-0.564,P=0.000; ralb=-0.587,P=0.000).It had no correlation with the scores of wire loop and CI (P＞ 0.05).The level of uIP-10 was positively correlated with the protein quantification in 24 hours and the scores of SLEDAI and BILAG (r24hpro=0.305,P=0.018; rSLEDAI=0.334,P=0.009; rSILAG=0.496,P=0.000),while negatively correlated with the level of C4 (rC4=-0.301,P=0.016).The R0C curve of uMCP-1 to predict the activity of SLE showed that its specificity was 75.0％,sensitivity was 83.3％,and the area under the ROC curve was 0.85±0.05.The ROC curve of urinary IP-10 to predict the activity of SLE showed that its specificity was 50.0％,sensitivity was 97.2％,its area under the ROC curve was 0.74±0.06.The ROC curve of urinary MCP-1 to predict renal flare shows that its specificity was 45.5％,its sensitivity was 100％,and the area under the ROC curve was 0.74±0.80.The ROC curve of urinary IP-10 to predict renal flare showed that its specificitywas 36.4％,its sensitivity was 73.3％,and its area under the ROC curve was 0.49 ±0.10.Conclusion Urinary MCP-1 and urinary IP-10 predict renal flare in patients with lupus nephritis.Furthermore,urinary MCP-1 is a more specific and sensitive forecaster of renal flare in patients with a history of lupus nephritis than urinary IP-10.

Hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease caused by it have become the most important factors threatening human health. The lipid metabolism-related studies are increasingly receiving attention. Recent studies have demonstrated that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a family member of precursor protein-converting enzyme, plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The expression and mutation of PCSK9 gene are closely correlated with the content of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). The excessive expression of PCSK9 promotes the degradation of LDLR, thereby increasing the levels of plasma LDL; whereas the inhibition of PCSK9 gene expression causes the decreased levels of plasma LDL. Therefore, it is promising to develop novel medications for treating hypercholesterolemia, controlling hyperlipermia and preventing coronary heart disease by studying the mechanism of PCSK9.

Helical tomotherapy is the radiation treatment device that combined CT imaging with a linear accelerator, and capable of implementing 360-degree intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), MVCT image guidance, adaptive therapy, stereotactic radio-surgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation treatment (SBRT) etc. A very broad spectrum of tumor can be treated by helical tomotherapy.

Recently,paclitaxel has been used as a new agent on patients with advanced esophageal cancer,and several studies have demonstrated that paclitaxel and paclitaxel-based regimens have significant activity in patients with advanced esophageal cancer and showed highly response rates than the combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and cisplatin.However,there have been some problems which need to be solved such as drug-resistance,side effect,and so forth.The new medicament form of paclitaxel can not only depress poison without anti-allergy but also raise medicament curative effect as well as the pharmacal concentration.Although most of the research on the new medicament form of paclitaxel are still limited in the stage of laboratory,it has possessed potential advance in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer.

Objective To summarize the experience of nursing cooperation in endoscopic sinus surgery for low temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation of skull base tumor, and to explore the safety and feasibility of this technique. Methods A total of 69 patients with skull base tumor were treated with low temperature plasma radio frequency technology to remove skull base tumor. Results Totally 62 cases of skull base tumors completed total resection in low temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation, 7 cases gained subtotal resection. The operation demonstrated superior advantage of less bleeding, short operation time, less postoperative pain and no adverse events. Conclusions The skull base tumor resection for patients with skull base tumors with low-temperature plasma radiofrequency possesses the advantages of short operation time, less bleeding and thermal damage to the surrounding tissues, besides it can reduce the postoperative discomfort, shorten hospitalization time and reduce the occurrence of nursing adverse events.

Newborn due to low birth weight caused by preterm or fetal growth restriction will have an adverse effect on kidney development. In adulthood,the long-term adverse effects of low birth weight are associ-ated with a variety of kidney disease. Current studies suggest that low birth weight may participate in a variety of kidney disease development and progression by affecting the nephron number,the function of the vascular struc-ture and the endocrine level. This paper mainly reviews the relationship between low birth weight and kidney dis-ease.

OBJECTIVE:To study the drug price administration models in some developed countries,so as to provide ref?erence information for establishing drug price administration model in China.METHODS:The comparative method and crite?rion method were adopted to study the published literature.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Although different countries have carried out different models,they still have similarity in some policies.Therefore,we should pay attention to learn the advan?tages in different drug administration models.