OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Dipsacus total saponins on the ability of learning and memory and its mechanism of action.

METHODSForty rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, Dipsacus group and positive control group (n = 10), general situation of rats were observed, the ability of learning and memory of rats was tested by Square water maze, the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) of hippocampus in rats were measured using double antibody sandwich method.

RESULTSDuring the period of treatment, general situation had no obvious change in model group, but general situation and the ability of activity were gradually improved in Dipsacus group and positive control group. Compared with blank control group, the swimming time was obviously prolonged and the number of mistakes was obviously increased at different time, the activity of AChE was significantly enhanced and the activity of ChAT was significantly decreased in model group. Compared with model group, the swimming time was obviously shortened and the number of mistakes was obviously reduced at different time, the activities of AChE were significantly decreased and the activities of ChAT were significantly enhanced in Dipsacus group and positive control group; Compared with positive control group, the swimming time and the number of mistakes at different time and the activities of AChE and ChAT had no significant difference in Dipsacus group.

CONCLUSIONDipsacus total saponins can improve the ability of learning and memory in Alzheimer' s disease(AD) rats, its mechanism of 'action may be related to regulating ACh metabolism of hippocampus.

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Acetylcholinesterase ; metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase ; metabolism ; Dipsacaceae ; chemistry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Rats ; Saponins ; pharmacology

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of pediatric tuina plus Chinese medicine for exogenous fever in children. Methods: A total of 150 children withexogenous fever were randomly divided based on the random digital table into a control group (75 cases) and a treatment group (75 cases). The control group was treated with oral Xiao'er Chaigui Tuire Keli (<1 year old, 0.5 bag/time; 1-3 years old, 1 bag/time; 4-6 years old, 1.5 bags/time), 4 times/day. The treatment group was treated with pediatric tuina plus the intervention of the control group. The amount and usage of Chinese medicine were the same as those of the control group; tuina was conducted 1 time/day. The clinical effects and adverse reactions were observed after 3 d of treatment in both groups. The recurrence was observed within 7 d after the end of treatment. Results: The total effective rate was 92.0％ in the treatment group and 81.3％ in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions in the two groups after treatment. The recurrence rate was 1.5％ in the treatment group and 13.1％ in the control group. The difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Pediatric tuina plus Chinese medicine is effective in treating children with exogenous fever.

Objective: To study the relationship between anthropometric indices and type 2 diabetes mellitus/impaired glucose tolerance (DM/IGT) in the elderly. Methods: This research included 537 people (416 males and 121 females, aged 65-85 years) undergoing medical examination in Shanghai in 2004. The body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist circumference (WC) were measured and their relationship with DM/IGT was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis and area under curve (AUC) of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) were used to study the predictive value of BMI, WHR and WC. Results: Except for the WHR in females, BMI, WC and WHR were higher in all subjects with DM/IGT than those without DM/IGT. The prevalences of DM/IGT in all subjects with high BMI (≥.25 kg/m2), WC(≥90 cm) and WHR (≥0.9) were also significantly higher than those with low BMI, WC and WHR, except for that of the WHR in females. After adjusted by age, physical activity and the family history of DM, multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that WHR was the most important predictive factor for IGT/DM in males and the same was true for BMI in females. ROC analysis showed that the AUC of WHR was the highest in the males and of BMI in the females. Conclusion: Obesity is correlated with DM/IGT in the elderly. WHR and BMI are satisfactory predictive indicators and have higher predictive accuracy for DM/IGT in elderly males and females, respectively.

Adult ; Esophagus ; surgery ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; surgery

Objective To compare in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer( IVF-ET ) outcome of gonadotropin-releasing hormone( GnRH ) antagonist protocol and GnRH agonist long protocol in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS)and to provide reference for rational selection of ovulation stimulation protocol for PCOS patients. Methods One hundred and four patients with PCOS who underwent IVF-ET were randomly divided into two groups. In the study group,41 patients were subjected to the GnRH antagonist protocol;In the control group,63 patients were subjected to a long protocol of GnRH agonist. Doses and duration of gonadotropin therapy,the thickness of endometrium and the profile of hormone level on the day of HCG administration,the number of retrieved oocytes,the ratio of fertilization,the ratio of cleavage,the ratio of the good quantity embryos,implantation rate of embryo,pregnancy rate,the cycle cancellation rate and the incidence rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome( OHSS)were recorded. Results The IVF-ET outcome of the two groups was similar with respects to the number of oocytes,the ratio of fertilization,the ratio of cleavage,implantation rate of embryo and the pregnancy rate( P﹥0. 05). Significant differences were found(P﹤0. 05)between the two groups regarding to the doses and duration of gonadotropin therapy,the levels of serum E2 and LH on the day of HCG administration,and the cycle cancellation rate. The incidence rate of OHSS was not significantly different ( 2. 44% vs. 12. 70%) between the two groups. Conclusion The duration of gonadotropins administration,the cycle cancellation rate,incidence of OHSS and the financial burdern are reduced in patients treated with GnRH antagonist. The growth of follicle,the ratio of fertilization,the ratio of cleavage,implantation rate of embryo and the pregnancy rate are not different between the two methods. The GnRH antagonist protocol is optimal for patients with PCOS.

China ; Curriculum ; Education, Dental ; Oral Medicine ; education

OBJECTIVETo Study the effect of anti-aging and its mechanism of total saponins of Wu-He Dipsacus asper on skin of mice-aging model.

METHODSForty-eight mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model group, low-Dipsacus group, medium-Dipsacus group, high-Dipsacus group and positive control group( n = 8) . The mouse model of skin aging was established by nape subcutaneous injection of 5% D-galactose (0.025 mL/(g · d)), the mouse of low-Dipsacus group, medium-Dipsacus group, high-Dipsacus group were administered with total saponins of Wu-He Dipsacus asper (50 ml/(kg · d), 100 mL/(kg · d), 200 mL/(kg · d)), the mice of the positive control group were administered with vitamin E(50 mg/(kg · d)) for 42 d. The content of hydroxyproline (HYP) and lipofuscin (LF) were measured in skin of each group mice, the activity of catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondi- aldehyde (MDA) were determined in serum and skin of each group mice.

RESULTSCompared with blank control group, the content of HYP decreased significantly and the content of LF increased significantly in skin, the activities of CAT, GSH-Px and SOD decreased significantly and the content of MDA increased significantly in serum and skin of model group; Compared with model group, the content of HYP increased significantly and the content of LF decreased significantly in skin, the activities of CAT, GSH-Px and SOD enhanced significantly and the con- tent of MDA decreased significantly in serum and skin of low-Dipsacus group, medium-Dipsacus group, high-Dipsacus group and positive control group; Compared with low-Dipsacus group, the content of HYP increased significantly and the content of LF decreased significantly in skin, the activities of CAT, GSH-Px and SOD enhanced significantly and the content of MDA decreased significantly in serum and skin of high-Dipsacus group and positive control group; The activity of SOD in serum and skin had a significant positive correlation with the content of HYP, and a significant negative correlation with LF in skin.

CONCLUSIONTotal saponins of Wu-He Dipsacus asper have obvious effect of anti-agng on skin of mouse-aging model , its mechanism is closely related to oxidative damage.

Animals ; Dipsacaceae ; chemistry ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Skin Aging ; drug effects

Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Leukotrienes ; immunology ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Respiratory Sounds ; drug effects ; immunology ; physiopathology

Objective To study the clinical nursing significance of ECG monitor in primary PCI for AMI patients and the relation of changes in ECG and the reperfusion of infarction related artery.Methods Regressional analysis was made in ECG changes including different types of arrthymia,degree of ST segment regression,and their relation between the reperfusion of infarction related artery before and after interventional therapy in AMI patients.Results In 468 AMI patients,142 patients had ventricular arrhythmia before therapy.After interrentional therapy,285 patients were co-morbid with accelerated ventricular tachycardia,203 patients with transient ventricular tachycardia or R-on-T phenomenon,62 patients with ventricular fibrillation and received asynchronous electriacal cardioversion.Twenty four patients had new onsent of Ⅱ-Ⅲ degree atrio-ventricular block and 45 patients had bradycardia or sinus arrest.The atrio-ventricular blook in 10 patients before PCI disappeared after the operation.There are 301 patients with apparent ST segment regression(ST segment regressed ≥50%,57 patients with partial ST segment regression,and 29 patients without ST segment changes.Conclusion Arrhythmias always accompanied with IRA reperfusion.Careful monitoring of ECG is essential for patients' safety after AMI.Obvious ST segment is observed in sufficient IRA reperfusion.However,poor regression of ST segment as well as haemodynamics disorder and cardiogenic shock is observed in patients with poor reperfusion or subacute occlusion of IRA.

Drug resistance and relapse are two major causes for treatment failure of leukemia, but their mechanisms remain elusive. Recently, increasing evidence shows that there is a subset of leukemia stem cells apart from immature leukemia cells in leukemia patients. These malignant stem cells do not response to routine chemotherapeutic agents, and may be the source of drug resistance and relapse of leukemia. Permanent cure of leukemia need elimination of these leukemia stem cells. We describe molecular characteristics of leukemia stem cells and possible target therapeutic strategies in this review.