Objective_To study the significance of fascin protein expression in ductal intraepithelial neoplasia ( DIN) and invasive ductal carcinoma ( IDC) .Methods_Thirty cases of usual ductal hyperplasia ( UDH) , 30 ca-ses of flat epithelial atypia (FEA,DIN1a), 15 cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH,DIN1b), 2 cases of DCIS grade1(DIN1c),10 cases of DCIS grade2(DIN2)and 18 cases of DCIS grade3(DIN3)were immunohisto-chemically investigated using monoclonal antifascin antibody and compared with 120 cases of invasive ductal carci-noma (IDC).Results_Fascin protein expression was not found in normal breast tissue, UDH, FEA (DIN1a), ADH(DIN1b),DCIS grade1(DIN1c)and DCIS grade2(DIN2),but only seen in 2 of 18 cases of DCIS grade3 (DIN3)(11.1%), and 18 out of 120 cases of IDC (15%).Fascin protein expression was correlated with ER neg-ative( P<0.05) , PR negative( P<0.05) , tumor grade( P<0.05) and axillary lymph node status( P<0.05) , but not correlated with age,location,tumor sizeand HER2 expression.Conclusions_Fascin protein expression seems to be a late event, usually present in carcinoma.Targetting the fascin pathway may be a noval therapeutic strategy of mammary carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; pathology ; Female ; Giant Cells ; pathology ; Humans ; Osteoclasts ; pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; Thyroid Carcinoma, Anaplastic ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology ; Tongue Neoplasms ; pathology ; Urologic Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To assess the value of endoluminal convex array probe combined with high frequency linear array probe in diagnosis of internal carotid artery occlusion, and to improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonography. Methods Patients suspected with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (n=490) were examined by carotid ultrasound. First, suspicious patients with carotid artery occlusion were selected using high-frequency linear array probe, then screen results were confirmed by endoluminal convex array probe and compared with previous results in those patients. Results Sixty eight patients,who were suspected of internal carotid artery occlusion,were screened out by high-frequency linear array probe. Results were re-examined by endoluminal convex array probe, 42 patients were diagnosed as internal carotid artery occlusion, 19 patients were diagnosed as severe stenosis as the internal carotid artery and 7 patients were diagnosed as ca?rotid artery tortuosity with no significant stenosis. Conclusion Endoluminal convex array probe is an effective complement for internal carotid arterial inspection when it combines with high-frequency linear probe. It can improve the diagnostic accu?racy rate of degree and the range in internal carotid artery occlusion and stenosis, therefore reduce chances of misdiagnosis.

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of diclofenac sodium microemulsions in human. Methods: According to the crossover design, each volunteer was orally given diclofenac sodium microemulsion and diclofenac sodium tablet. The serum concentrations were determined by RP-HPLC with UV-detector. The concentration-time data were analyzed using 3P87 Pharmacokinetic Program and the pharmacokinetics parameters were compared by paired t-test. Results: It was found that diclofenac sodium in serum was linear within the range of 50-8 000 μg/L. The minimum detection concentration was 30 μg/L. The mean rate of recovery was (100.55±1.56)%. After a single oral dose, AUC0～∞ were 5.563，7.891 μg*h/ml, MRT 5.489， 5.387 h for dispersible diclofenac sodium microemulsion and tablet respectively. Conclusion: Absorption progress of diclofenac sodium microemulsion in human may be special.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of baicalein on the gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) in the TM4 Sertoli cells of the mouse testis and its related mechanism.

METHODSWe measured the cytotoxicity of different concentrations of baicalein on the TM4 Sertoli cells in the mouse testis by MTT, detected the fluorescence transfer of the TM4 Sertoli cells by parachute assay, and determined the expression of the protein connexin 43 ( Cx43) in the baicalein-treated cells by Western blot and immunofluorescence assay.

RESULTSBaicalein produced no obvious cytotoxicity on the TM4 Sertoli cells at the concentration below 60 µmol/L but significantly increased their GJIC at 0-20 µmol/L (P < 0.01). Western blot and immunofluorescence assay showed that 0-20 µmol/L baicalein remarkably elevated the expression of Cx43 in the TM4 cells (P < 0.01) and on the membrane of the TM4 cells.

CONCLUSIONBaicalein at the concentration of 0-20 µmol/L can significantly enhance GJIC in mouse TM4 Sertoli cells by increasing the expression of the Cx43 protein.

Animals ; Cell Communication ; drug effects ; Connexin 43 ; metabolism ; Flavanones ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Gap Junctions ; drug effects ; Male ; Mice ; Sertoli Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; ultrastructure

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in the urinary system of males. A growing number of studies have shown that microRNAs, as small ribonucleic acid molecules and a class of non-coding small RNAs, are closely related with PCa and a variety of microRNAs are abnormally expressed in it. This article focuses on the roles of microRNAs in the occurrence and progression of PCa, with a description of differentially expressed microRNAs in PCa and an analysis of their association with its prognosis as well as their correlation with chemotherapy, androgen receptors, and metastasis of PCa.
Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of overexpession of 18 ku translocator protein (TSPO) on the hippocampal dentate gyrus. METHODS Lentiviral (LV) vectors containing TSPO or the lentiviral sequence were infused into the hippocampus bilateral dentate gyri (2 × 108 TU · mL-1,1 μL per side)of mice. Behavioral tests were carried out. The anxiolytic-like behavior of mice was examined by such means as the elevated plus maze test , the staircase test , light dark box test for 12, 14 and 16 d, two behavioral despair models, tail suspension test and the forced swimming test for 16 and 18 d,respec?tively. Western blotting and ELISA were used to evaluate the TSPO expression and the concentration of allopregnanolone in hippocampal tissue (3 mm in diameter around the injection site on both sides) at the end of tests. RESULTS The results of behavioral experiments showed that TSPO overexpression group deneloped anxiolytic and antidepression-like behavior. LV-TSPO significantly increased the retention time in the central area〔14 ± 4 vs (25 ± 12)s,P<0.05〕. LV-TSPO significantly increased the percentage of entry into open arms entries percentage and the percentage of time spent in open arms time without changing total entries and total time in the elevated plus-maze test〔(13±8)%vs (26±18)%, P<0.05;(6 ± 6)%vs (27 ± 6)%, P<0.05)〕. LV-TSPO significantly decreased the number of rearings without changing the number of steps in staircase test (21±7 vs 12±5,P<0.05). LV-TSPO increased entries into the light area and retention time in light-dark transition test〔(18 ± 8)% vs (26 ± 7)%, P<0.05;72 ± 36 vs (191 ± 90)s, P<0.05)〕but significantly decreased immobility time in the tail suspension test and forced swimming test〔94±33 vs (36±20)s, P<0.01;137±36 vs (90±37)s, P<0.05)〕, without excitatory or inhibitory actions on the central nervous system. At the same time, the level of TSPO expression in hippocampal tissues (3 mm in diameter around the injection site on both sides) was significantly increased, so did the concentration of allopregnanolone (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Overexpression of TSPO in the hippocamus dentate gyrus of mice can induce anxiolytic and antidepressant-like behavior, and the downstream allo?pregnanolone biosynthesis at least partially mediates the behavioral effects.

A method to determine phytolith-occluded carbon ( PhytOC) was explored. Sodium hydroxide solution was used to dissolve the silicon compound(SiO2 ·nH2O) which occluding on the carbon, and then potassium dichromate-sulphuric acid solution was used to oxidize the released organic carbon. The concentration of Gr3+produced from the reaction was measured by spectrophotometry with its absorbance at 590 nm wavelength. The organic carbon concentration was calculated based on the amounts of potassium dichromate consumed. This analytical method was verified well accuracy and repeatability by running standard addition and recovery experiments. It has the advantages of low carbon loss, easy to operate, low cost;and hardly any influence to body health, as compared with acid dissolution-Elementar Vario MAX CN method. The results obtained from this method have a good correlation with these determined by Elementar Vario MAX CN ( Germany) .

Objective To investigate the differences in visceral fat area measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis in different sex and age groups, and explore the relationship between visceral fat area and other metabolic risk factors. Methods This study enrolled 72 in-patients in the department of cardiology in Peking University First Hospital between August, 2014 and October, 2014. The visceral fat area and the subcutaneous fat area were measured by DUALSCAN HDS-2000 in all patients. Results were compared between different sex and age groups and the relationship between visceral fat area and metabolic risk factors were analyzed. Resu1ts Male had larger visceral fat area than female [ ( 114. 04 ± 38. 27 ) cm2 vs. (92. 09 ±30. 57)cm2, P=0. 019], while female had larger subcutaneous fat areas than male [(223. 92 ± 73. 58)cm2 vs. (270. 35 ± 82. 13) cm2, P =0. 019] . Subcutaneous fat area and visceral fat area were positively correlated in both male ( r=0. 777, P﹤0. 001) and female ( r=0. 601, P=0. 002). There were no significant differences in visceral fat area among different age groups (P=0. 582). And visceral fat area had a positive correlation with body mass index (r=0. 748, P﹤0. 001), waist-hip ratio (r=0. 577, P﹤0. 001), abdominal circumference (r =0. 752, P ﹤0. 001) and HbA1c levels (r =0. 413, P =0. 001). Conc1usions There are sex differences in visceral fat area and subcutaneous fat area. The visceral fat area max be related to blood glucose levels and presence of diabetes.

BACKGROUND:Complex scapular fractures were mainly treated by implant fixation. Standard fixation approach (Judet approach) had long incision and big trauma. With the application of spiral CT and three-dimensional reconstruction, minimal y invasive incision could be designed before implant fixation, and then fixation could be finished by physicians. Thus, trauma was reduced and repair effect was elevated. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of the three-dimensional reconstruction design combined with titanium plate reconstruction or lag screw for treatment of scapular fractures. METHODS:From February 2007 to January 2012, 33 cases of scapular fractures were enrol ed from Department of Orthopedics, No. 1 Hospital of Qinhuangdao in China. They were scanned by three dimensional reconstruction of CT before implant fixation to identify the regions needed to be repositioned and fixed. Thus, minimal y invasive incision of implant fixation was designed. The dissection of skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle was reduced. Reposition was performed. Titanium plate and/or lag screw were used for fixation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operation lasted for 90-130 minutes in 33 patients, with intraoperative blood loss for 300-400 mL. Fracture was total y healed, and the healing time was 2-4 months. The fol ow up lasted for 12-24 months. According to Hardegger standard, there were excellent in 17 cases, good in 12 cases, average in 3 cases and poor in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 88%. These results suggested that three-dimensional reconstruction design combined with minimal y invasive incision treatment for scapular fractures showed fewer traumas, can complete the satisfactory fracture reduction and implant fixation, and obtain good repair effect.