OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Azone,propylene glycol(PG),oleic acid(OA) alone or in combination of two or three as penetration enhancers on the in vitro transdermal efficacy of diclofenac potassium(DP) gels.METHODS: Thirteen formulations of DP gels containing the following different penetration enhancers at different concentrations were prepared: blank,3% Azone, 5% OA,12% PG,6% PG+2.5% OA,12% PG+5% OA,1.5% Azone+2.5% OA,1.5% Azone+6% PG+5% OA,1.5 % Azone+12% PG,3% Azone+5% OA,3% Azone+6% PG,3% Azone+6% PG+5% OA,and 3% Azone+12% PG.The in vitro permeation test was performed on a modified Franz-type diffusion cell with human skin as transdermal barrier taking transdermal velocity(J) as index to determine and compute the transdermal properties of the DP gels after treated respectively by the above 13 penetration enhancers.RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group,all the penetration enhancer-treated formulations showed significant higher J value,with the formulation treated by 3% Az-one+12% PG enhancer showing the highest J value of 10.253 0 ?g?cm-2?h-1.CONCLUSION: All the three penetration enhancers could promote the transdermal permeation DP gels,much as in the combination of Azone and propylene.

Ultrasonography (US) is extensively used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer; but with its disadvantages of poor sensitivity and specificity, frequently causes underdiagnosis, and over 50% of the results of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy fail to accord with those of surgical pathology. In addition to contrast-enhanced ultrasound and real-time elastography, various new ultrasonic techniques have been developed nowadays, such as prostate histoscanning, brachytherapy template-guided 3-dimensional mapping biopsy (3DMB), and MRI/US fusion. Prostate histoscanning is an ultrasound-based technology that uses computer-aided analysis to identify and characterize the foci of prostate cancer. 3DMB, involving the whole gland, has an even higher accuracy. MRI/US fusion integrates the advantages of pre-interventional MRI with those of peri-interventional ultrasonography, and offers high-resolution images and convenient puncturing. Constant development of ultrasonography will continue to add to its clinical application value.
Contrast Media ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus A, Human ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; RNA, Viral ; analysis

Objective To investigate the expression of COX-2 in multiple myeloma(MM)and the relationship between myeloma cells proliferation and apoptosis.To provide a new prognosis factor and therapeutic target.Methods COX-2 from the 22 newly diagnosed MM,14 relapsed MM and PCNA,HSP70 of the newly diagnosed patients were detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results All the newly diagnosed MM exhibited positive COX-2 immunoreactivity.50% had strong COX-2 and 50% showed weak COX-2.Relapsed MM exhibited strong COX-2.COX-2 was related with serum β2 microglobulin,marrow plasma cells,hemoglobin,PCNA,HSP70(P=0.019,0.003,0.048,0.006,0.034).Conclusion COX-2 was overexpressed in MM.Prognosis of patients with strong COX-2 is poorer than those with weak COX-2.COX-2 may promote the proliferation and inhibit the apoptosis of myeloma cells.

Mass point-spring model is one of the commonly used models in virtual surgery. However, its model parameters have no clear physical meaning, and it is hard to set the parameter conveniently. We, therefore, proposed a method based on genetic algorithm to determine the mass-spring model parameters. Computer-aided tomography (CAT) data were used to determine the mass value of the particle, and stiffness and damping coefficient were obtained by genetic algorithm. We used the difference between the reference deformation and virtual deformation as the fitness function to get the approximate optimal solution of the model parameters. Experimental results showed that this method could obtain an approximate optimal solution of spring parameters with lower cost, and could accurately reproduce the effect of the actual deformation model as well.
Algorithms ; Models, Theoretical ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; Tomography

0.05).The value of J of negative group was(6.180?0.214) ?g?cm-2?h-1,while there was significant difference between trial group and negative group(P

Objective To understand the change of leptin level in human in acute hypoxia state. Methods 34 male mountaineers were examined, 7 at the altitude of 2 800 m, 27 at 5 050 m. The serum leptin level and anoxic degree were determined by radioimmunoassay and arterial oxygen saturation were determined by Tuffsat arterial oxygen saturation monitor. Results The leptin level at 5 050 m (9.08?7.77) ng/ml was significantly higher than that at 2 800 m(2.02?1.09) ng/ml, P

Objective To investigate the influence of intensity-modulated radiation pattern on ra-diobiological effects of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2.Methods Colony formation assay was used to calculate cell surviving fraction, and compare the cell survival curves and the surviving fraction with single-hit multi-target model fitting survival curves to different delivery time and dose rates.Results ⑴Nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 was irradiated on two models:conventional radiation ( CR) mod-el;intensity modulated radiation model ( IMRT model, which was divided into 10 min IMRT irradiated group, 15 min irradiated group, and 20 min irradiated group) .Except that the parameters of radiation biol-ogy did no significantly differ between CR model and 10 min IMRT irradiated group ( P >0.05) , the other groups among radiobiology parameters surviving fraction (SF2), quasi-threshold dose(Dq) and extrapolation number(N) were all significant differences ( P <0.05) .⑵ They found that the SF2 300 Mu/min>SF2 600 Mu/min ( P <0.05) when the CNE2 cells were treated with dose rates of 300 Mu /min and 600 Mu/min.Conclusions ⑴There were not significant changes in the biological effects until the delivery time prolonged to more than 10 minutes.When the delivery time extended to more than 15 minutes, the survival fraction was increasing with the radiation time risen.⑵The dose rates used in the experiment did not show any effect on the radiobiology parameters without SF2 .

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of ketogenic diet (KD) therapy in the epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) associated with TBC1D24 gene mutation.Methods:Clinical data of two children with TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS were collected retrospectively, who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from 2019 to 2020. Their clinical characteristics and the efficacy and safety of KD therapy were analyzed, and literature review was conducted.Results:Seizures were onset before six months old in the two children with TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS. Multifocal myoclonic seizures were manifested and happened frequently, lasting for more than 30 minutes sometimes. Developmental retardation was obvious in the two children. A small amount of focal sharp, spike, sharp-slow complex, and spike-slow complex waves were showed in the interictal electroencephalography (EEG). TBC1D24 gene mutations were found in the two children, one with a compound heterozygous mutation (c.1025C>T, p.S342L; c.229_c.240delATCGTGGGCAAG,p.I77_K80del), and the other with a homozygous mutation [c.119G>A,p.R40H(Arg40His)]. Both of those were potentially pathogenic. A variety of anti-epileptic drugs showed poor outcome for the two children. The epilepsy was drug-refractory one. After four to 17 months of KD therapy, the epilepsy in the two children was controlled effectively. There was not obvious adverse reactions. Among six children with TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS in the literature review, four cases were effective or partially effective for KD therapy, one was discontinued due to insufficient ketogenic ratio, and one was discontinued without effect. There were no obvious adverse reactions in the six children.Conclusions:TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS is mostly drug-refractory epilepsy. Early KD therapy may help to control seizures.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).Methods From December 1956 to August 2012,the clinicopathological features of RCC were studied in 705 cases and related literatures were reviewed.Results The diameter of RCC ranged from 0.6 to 18.0 cm,which the average size was 4.6 cm.The proportions of the clear cell,papillary,multilocular clear cell,chromophobe and unclassified histologic subtype were 88.9％ (627/705),4.1％ (29/705),3.3％ (23/705),1.3％ (9/705) and 2.4％ (17/705),respectively.According to the Fuhrman grading system,the proportions of grade 1,2,3,4 were 19.0％ (116/612),58.3％ (357/612),18.1％ (111/612)and 4.6％ (28/612),respectively.The rates of invasion into the renal pelvis,perirenal fat and vascular were 10.9％ (66/603),10.6％ (64/603) and 4.8％ (29/603),respectively.Of 705 cases,464 (76.6％)cases were in T1,65 (10.7％) cases in T2,73 (12.0％) cases in T3,and 4 (0.7％) cases in T4.As to the lymph node and distant metastasis,the rate was 2.8％ (17/606) and 3.5％ (21/606).The percentages of stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ RCC were 74.3％ (450/606),9.9％ (60/606),11.7％ (71/606) and 4.1％(25/606),respectively.The 3-,5-,10-and 15-year disease-specific survival rate for RCC was 92.8％,86.9％,76.8％ and 55.5％,respectively.To those patients with clear cell RCC,the disease-specific survival at the same time point was 92.8％,88.1％,77.4％ and 55.4％,respectively.Multivariate analysis showed that the stage was the only independent prognostic factor for RCC.Conclusions Tumor stage of RCC is the independent prognostic factor for disease-specific survival.The evaluation of renal sinus invasion and lymph node should be noted in the diagnosis of RCC.