The basic research and development of xeno-transplantation technique has been a new field. The article analyzed its current situation and problems, discussed the ethical problems the researchers and physicians faced, and raised a series of ethical principles which should be obeyed in xeno-transplantation, that is: stick to combining humanism and utilitarianism; observe the technological and sanitary criterion, choose the graft cautiously; Be attentive and loyal to the recipient's health; no harm and beneficial to the humankind. Besides, the article explored the importance of setting up laws and regulations about xeno-transplantation.

Objective To study and compare the effects of different surgical operation in treatment of adolescent idiopathic seoliosis. Methods 70 patients with adolescent idiopathic seoliosis and patients informed consent were selected as research object,and they were divided into group A 35 cases and group B 35 cases according to their willingness, and they were separately treated with videoassisted anterior thoracoscopic correction and traditional anterior thoracoscopic correction, then the surgical time, complications, hospital stays, rates of patients satisfaction, total effective rate and Cobb, before and after the treatment were detected and compared. Results The surgical time [(225.6 ± 30. 8) min] and hospital stays [(2. 7 ± 0. 8) d] of group A were all shorter than those of group B [( 365. 4 ±23. 8) min, (4. 8 ± 1.2 ) d] ( t = 3.26,3.78, all P ＜ 0. 05 ), complications rate ( 8. 6% ) was lower than that of group B (20. 0% ) ( x2 = 3. 45, P ＜ 0. 05 ), rates of patients satisfaction ( 97. 1% ) and total effective ( 97. 1% ) were higher than those of group B(80. 0% ,85.75% ) (x2 =2. 85,3.01 ,all P ＜0.05) ,Cobb( 14. 2 ± 5.4)°was smaller than that of group B(23. 4 ±5.6) °(t =2. 97 ,P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion The effect of vidcoassisted anterior thoracoscopic correction in treatment of adolescent idiopathic seoliosis was good,and complications rate was low and it was worthy of extend and application.

Objective To explore the effective treatment in children of abdominal allergicpurpura.Methods To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 54 children with abdominal allergicpurpura.54 cases were divided into three groups.Each 18 cases in group Ⅰ,groupⅡ,and group Ⅲ.It was used large doses of methylprednisolone in the group Ⅰ,ranitidine in the groupⅡ,and cimetidine in the groupⅢ,based on conventional treatment.To analyze the effect and adverse effect after the treatment.Results The effect of groupⅠ,and groupⅡ,was significantly higher than group Ⅲ(t=11.775,8.901,7.613,5.786,10.105,12.347,all P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between groupⅠ,and group Ⅱ(P＞0.05).The adverse effect of groupⅠ,was significantly higher than the other groups(x2=4.500,5.017,all P＜0.05).Conclusion The treatment of hormone had obvious effect in children with abdominal allergicpurpura,but it had some risks in the gastrointestinal,so we should close observe the gastrointestinal tract in children.Ranitidine and cimetidine are the drugs of inhibiting gastric acid secretion,but the ranitidine much better than cimetidine.

Physical factor therapy is commonly used in the treatment of nervous system damage. Recent years, physical factor therapy gets popular attention because of its good therapeutic effects, low cost, simple operation and widely application. This article respectively in-troduced the effects of electrical stimulation therapy, functional magnetic stimulation therapy and biofeedback therapy on neurogenic blad-der.

To evaluate percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) with continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions in intensive care unit (ICU) elder patients.A total of 32 elder patients were selected randomly for PDT and 36 controls for traditional surgical tracheostomy (TST).The PDT group required regular mechanical ventilation with continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions.The operative duration was significantly shorter in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 10.6 ±3.4)vs.(30.9 ±7.1)min,P ＜0.01].Incision length was significantly less in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 1.3 ± 0.2 ) vs.(3.2 ± 0.3 )cm,P ＜0.01].Blood loss volume was significantly less in PDT group than that in TST group [ ( 10.4 ±3.8 ) vs.(40.7 ± 11.7 ) ml,P ＜ 0.01].The incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) was significantly lower in PDT group than that in TST group ( 15.6％ vs.38.9％,P ＜ 0.05 ).With multiple advantages of mini-invasiveness,safety,simplicity,convenience and easier installation,PDT is quite suitable for elder patients in ICU.

The enzyme,as a biocatalyst,can not be surpassed in speeding up the reactions by other common chemical catalysts under the suitable conditions and can catalyze the reaction mildly,simplify the facilities needed,improve the work conditions,and reduce the production costs,etc.Those are its advantages mentioned above.But while the enzyme is extracted outside the cells,the molecular conformation may be changed with decreasing its bioactivity and stability seriously.As one type of physical energy,(ultrasonic) wave with lower intensity and suitable frequency can make the conformation of enzymatic molecular comformation transform positively and the transforming reactions accelerate so as to facilitate the effective constituents of Chinese materia medica and natural products transforming.

Immunological imbalance is the foundation for the development of liver damage or fibrosis.Therefore,the treatment of liver disea-ses not only relies on regenerative medicine for cellular replacement,but also depends on immunoregulation.The immunological basis of liver injury and repair,the immunological basis of multipotent stem cells for allograft,and the research advances in the immunoregulatory effect of stem cells in the treatment of liver diseases demonstrated that multipotent stem cells,especially mesenchymal stem cells,have low immuno-genicity and cause immunosuppression,with the immunological basis of allograft;in addition,they can improve the local immune microenvi-ronment of the liver by immunoregulation to reduce the liver injury caused by immune response.It is suggested that multipotent stem cells, which meet the requirements of cellular replacement and immunoregulation in the liver,will become an ideal treatment of liver diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) on cardiac function in children with pneumonia complicated with heart failure.Methods Twenty-two children with pneumonia complicated with heart failure were selected in emergency room of Beijing Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from Oct.2008 to Mar.2009,aged 1 month and 15 days to 2 years and 8 months,prospective clinical study.Cardiac function[including cardiac index(CI),heart rate(HR) and stroke volume index(SVI)] before and after NCPAP 0.04-0.05 kPa for 30 minutes were monitored by ultrasonic cardiac output monitoring(USCOM).Results After the application of 0.04-0.05 kPa NCPAP for 30 minutes,the heart rate decreased signi-ficantly [(173?10) beats/min vs (151?13) beats/min P0.05].Conclusions NCPAP might improve cardiac function by increasing stroke volume index and decreasing heart rate and respiratory rate in children with pneumonia complicated with heart failure.

Hypercholesterolemia and coronary heart disease caused by it have become the most important factors threatening human health. The lipid metabolism-related studies are increasingly receiving attention. Recent studies have demonstrated that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a family member of precursor protein-converting enzyme, plays an important role in the regulation of lipid metabolism. The expression and mutation of PCSK9 gene are closely correlated with the content of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). The excessive expression of PCSK9 promotes the degradation of LDLR, thereby increasing the levels of plasma LDL; whereas the inhibition of PCSK9 gene expression causes the decreased levels of plasma LDL. Therefore, it is promising to develop novel medications for treating hypercholesterolemia, controlling hyperlipermia and preventing coronary heart disease by studying the mechanism of PCSK9.

Because of insufficient intake,synthesis disorder,metabolic disorder and excessive consumption,patients with cirrhosis often lead to malnutrition. Providing scientific nutritional support and guiding the patients to a reasonable diet can effectively improve the liver metabolism and reduce the complication of cirrhosis such as hepatic encephalopathy,and improve the quality of life and survival rate. This article described the nutritional metabolism disorder in patients with cirrhosis and nutritional treatment in hepatic encephalopathy.