Objective:To research the value of expressed changes in serum osteopontin(OPN)of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in the diagnosis of lupus nephritis(LN) by studying the correlation between OPN and LN. Methods:The en- zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to mensurate the level of OPN in the sera of 47 LN,21 SLE patients without clinical symptoms of nephritis,and 20 healthy controls. Results:The positive ratio of serum OPN was 79.41% in 68 SLE patients and was 0% in healthy controls.Compared with healthy controls,the positive ratios and level of serum OPN in SLE patients were significantly higher(P

Cerebral revascularization has been widely used in the treatment of cerebral aneurysm, moyamoya disease, and basicranial tumor. Whether it can be used in the prevention of ischemic stroke remains controversial, but a growing body of research has demonstrated its benefits. This article reviews the present application situation of the revascularization.

Objective To analyze the biological characteristics and morphologic features between the mouse models using MDA-MB-231 cells established by injecting tumor cell suspension or implanting tumor tissues. Methods Twenty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups,with 10 in each group.The orthotopic models of breast cancer were established by injection of tumor cell suspension or implantation of tumor tissues in the fat pad of right second breast in the nude mice of the two groups,respectively.The time of tumor formation,success rate,tumor growth rate,shape,central tumor necrosis,blood vessel distribution and tumor ulceration were compared between the two groups of models.The histological features of the tumors were also observed. Results There were no significant difference in the success rate between the two methods.In the group of tumor tissues implantation,the tumors formed in an earlier time with various shape configurations,and they were hypovascular and vulnerable to central necrosis with the resultant superficial ulcerations.However,in the group with injection of tumor cell suspension,the tumors formed later with a regular shape,and the superficial ulceration was rare and not vulnerable to central tumoral necrosis since the tumors were abundant in blood vessels resulting in adequate nourishment.There were no significant difference in the pathological findings between the two groups. Conclusion The nude mouse models of breast cancer can be successfully established by both tumor tissues implantation and tumor cell suspension injection,with identical biological characteristics and fairly different morphological features.The investigators are well advised to choose the more appropriate one according to the purpose of the experiments.

Objective To explore the clinical significance of osteopontin (OPN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its pathogenic role in SLE by studying the correlation between OPN and clinical manifestations,laboratory parameters and disease activity.Methods The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure the level of OPN in serum of 68 SLE patients and 20 healthy controls.the clin-ical data and laboratory parameters were recorded.Results The positive rate of OPN was 79.41%in 68 SLEpatients and could not be detected in healthy controls.Compared with healthy controls.the positive rate and level of OPN in SLE patients was significantly higher(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in age.gender and disease duration between OPN positive and negative lupus patients(P＞0.05).The Drevalence of fever,hair loss,WBC decrease,liver damage,serum C4 decrease,proteinuria and anti-dsDNA antibody in OPN positive SLE were significantly higher than those of OPN negative SLE(P＜0.05).The positive rate of serum OPN in SLE patients was significantly higher than that of anti-dsDNA antibody and anti-Sm antibody (P＜0.01).The level of plasma OPN was associated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI)(r=0.292,P＜0.05).The positive rate and level of OPN in active SLE patients was significantly higher than that of inactive SLE patients(P＜O.05).Conclusion The level of plasma OPN has a close rela-tionship with the activity of SLE.It may serve as an active disease marker of SLE.

Objective:To investigate the association of tumour necrosis factor- ? (TNFs-?) gene polymorphism with Graves ophthalmopathy (GO)Chinese in Shandong . Methods: Allele and genotype frequencies were determined by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers(PCR-SSP). Results: Allele and genotype frequencies of TNF-? +488、-308 were not different significantly between Graves′ disease(GD) and control, or GD subgroups with and without GO. There were also no significant differences between GO subgroups with different severity. Conclusion: There are no associations of TNF-? +488、–308 polymorphisms with GO susceptibility in Shandong Chinese.

Injectable bone substitutes can repair bone defect via percutaneous injection, including organic bone graft materials and inorganic bone graft materials. Furthermore, some materials considered as vector can composite with cells to generate tissue engineering materials, which are injected into bone graft to improve fusion rate. The development of injectable bone substitutes provides a new way to treat some relative diseases. Here, the article was divided three parts to introduce biological characteristics and clinical application of organic bone substitute materials, inorganic bone substitute materials, and bone tissue engineering vector materials. Although bone tissue engineering research achieves some effects initially, there are still a lot of problems, such as collection and preparation of extracellular matrix materials, composite and transplantation of cell and vector; all of them need to be further studied.

Objective To evaluate the value of ultrasound-measured changes in diaphragmatic excursion (DE) in predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation during the spontaneous breathing trial (SBT).Methods Sixty-three patients of both sexes,who were mechanically ventilated for more than 24 h and screened for ascertained readiness to wean,aged 45-64 yr,were enrolled in the study.Bilateral DE was measured using ultrasound at 0,10 and 30 min of SBT.The patients who successfully completed 30 min of SBT were extubated.The patients were divided into either success group or failure group according to whether or not weaning was successful.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the value of bilateral △DE30-10 in predicting successful weaning.Results There were 48 cases in success group and 15 cases in failure group.Bilateral △DE30-10 was significantly higher in failure group than in success group (P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curves of the right △DE30-10 in predicting successful weaning was 0.958,＜0.175 cm was used to predict successful weaning,and the sensitivity and specificity were 93.3％ and 87.5％,respectively.The area under the ROC curves of the left △DE30-10 in predicting successful weaning was 0.903,＜0.275 cm was used to predict successful weaning,and the sensitivity and specificity were 80.0％ and 89.6％,respectively.Conclusion The fight △DE30-10 measured using ultrasound can serve as an assistant index in predicting successful weaning from mechanical ventilation during SBT.

Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its clinical significance. Methods 36 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups : the normal group (A), the model group (B) and the medicine treatment group (C). Rats in group B and C were passively smoked for 75 days to establish COPD model. Group B were administered Vit A 15 mg/ kg before smoking. 75 days later,the rats were killed. Group A were killed 25 days after equal volume of saline was dripped in trachea. The pathological changes of lung tissue were observed in each group. The expression of MMP was determined by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. Result The enzymatic activity and the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were reciprocally different as compared among the tree groups(P <0.01). Conclusion MMP expression is increased in impaired lung tissues of COPD rats.

Objective To investigate the significance of measuring carotid arterial intima-media thickness(IMT) and diabetic retinopathy(DR).Methods 76 diabetic patients were divided into three groups:no diabetic retinopathy(NDR),nonpmliferative diabetic retinopathy(NPDR),and proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).20 helath people were chosen as control All subjects were examined by ColorDoppler imaging on the carotid arterial intima-media thickness.Results The mean IMT was significantly higher in T_2DM patients than in normal control group(P

Objective To discuss drug resistance of wound-isolated pseudomonas aeruginosa and its correlation with use of antibiotics in children,for guiding the clinical use of antibiotics.Methods One hundred and forty wounded children admitted from January 2009 and December 2013 were collected in the study.There were 97 males and 43 females,aged (5.4 ± 2.6) years.All were victims of road traffic accidents.Distribution of bacteria isolated from the wound and drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected.Twenty-seven children with pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were divided into imipenem-resistant group (n =7) and non-imipenem resistant group (n =20).Drug resistance and application intensity of antibiotics were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 64 pathogens were isolated from the wound culture.Top five bacteria detected were acinetobacter baumannii,pseudomonas aeruginosa,enterobacter cloacae,escherichia coli and staphylococcus epidermidis.Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed resistance to β-lactam antibiotics,tetracyclines,chloram-phenicol and sulfanilamide.Drug resistance of piperacillin tazobactam (64.7％),meropenem (100％),ceftazidime (64.7％) and piperacillin (76.5％) in imipenem-resistant group were all 40％ higher than that in nonimipenem resistant group (P ＜ 0.05).Imipenem-resistant group versus non-imipenem resistant group revealed no significant differences in drug resistant rate of azactan (76.5％,39.0％),cefepime (70.6％,29.3％) and gentamicin (35.3％,17.1％) (P ＞ 0.05).There was no significant difference in total application intensity of antibiotics between the groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Wound-isolated pseudomonas aeruginosa in children is multidrug resistant.Thus bacterial monitoring in children with traumatic wounds should be strengthened and antibiotics should be selected rationally to reduce the production of multidrug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa.