The efficacy and safety of excimer laser corneal refractive surgery for refractive error correction have been widely recognized,and effective and appropriate application of perioperative medication also greatly improved patients' satisfaction with surgery.Topical application of glucocorticoid is indispensable for the excimer laser corneal refractive surgery,and it can not be replaced by any other medication for more than 20 years.However,adverse reactions and complications after the application of glucocorticoid are not rare,especially in patients who are long-term users.Therefore,in recent years,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are becoming more widely used in ophthalmology.Bromfenac sodium,an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2,could assume the role as low-concentration glucocorticoids with good medical effects and less adverse effects.But whether it could attain the same therapeutic effects as glucocorticoids in corneal refractive surgery is a subject worth studying.

Allergic conjunctivitis is a very common pathology and its incidence has increased in developing countries with the development of industrialization.At present,the therapy of allergic conjunctivitis is mainly the use of topical eyedrops to eliminate causative factors,relieve symptoms and prevent complications.The drugs used in allergic conjunctivitis have 6 groups,including antihistamine,mastocyte stabilizer,drugs with dual effects (antihistamine and mastocyte stabilizer),non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),glucocorticoids and immunosuppressors.The goals of topical use of antihistamine,mastocyte stabilizer and drugs of dual effects are to remove the itching and hyperaemia of eye or to treat the patients with acute allergic conjunctivitis; while NSAIDs,glucocorticoids and immunosuppressors are used for the patients with severe or chronic allergic conjunctivitis.The glucocorticoid drugs are more effective because of their arresting effects in several links of the allergic response.Nevertheless,the long-term use of glucocorticoids probably results in ocular hypertension or posterior subcapsular cataract,furthermore,glucocorticoid drugs should be more cautionary in the application of the patients with corneal ulcer.Immunosuppressors inhibit abnormal immune responses,but these drugs should not be used for a long term because of higher cost and adverse effects.NSAIDs have a good anti-inflammatory effect and less irritant,so the topical use of NSAIDs for allergic conjunctivitis appears to be a better choice nowadays.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of insulin glargine in different administra-tion time for treatment of type 1 diabetes .Methods 50 patients with type 1 diabetes were given insulin aspart and in-sulin glargine treatment scheme , under the premise of not change insulin glargine dosage , delivery time of insulin glargine varied from 22:00 to 18:00,and fasting blood glucose(FBG),2 hours postprandial blood glucose(2hPG), blood glucose and occurrence of hypoglycemia before lunch , amount of insulin aspart were noted and compared between before and after the adjustment .Results After adjustment of insulin glargine′s medication time , patients′blood sugar before lunch adjusted to desired level ,FBG(7.28 ±2.13) mmol/L vs.(8.33 ±2.20) mmol/L,2hPG (8.61 ±2.59)mmol/L vs.(9.70 ±1.75) mmol/L decreased significantly after lunch compared with pre-adjustment (U=2.425,3.034,all P<0.05),2hPG after breakfast (8.27 ±2.02) mmol/L vs.(8.56 ±2.33) mmol/L and dinner 2hPG (9.54 ±1.55)mmol/L vs.(9.61 ±1.75)mmol/L without statistically significant difference (all P>0.05).Dosage of insulin aspart before breakfast reduced , and increased before lunch and dinner .Incidence of hypoglycemia before lunch significantly decreased (χ2 =4.105,5.005,all P<0.05).Conclusion Insulin glargine combined with insulin aspart in the treatment of type I diabetes ,with no change in insulin glargine dosage ,and delivery time changed from 22:00 to 18:00,which could reduce FBG ,reduce occurrence of hypoglycemia before lunch ,and stable in blood sugar controlling .

Psychiatric nurses are subjected to a high rate of assault by patients.The stress of exposure to assault or potential assault appears to impact nurses emotional states in the form of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).This study analyzed and summarized from the aspects of non somatization influence of patients' assault on psychiatric nurses and the risk factors and coping styles of PTSD in psychiatric nurses in order to supply reference for psychiatric nurses to cope with PTSD effectively.

Life vision is the visual ability during daily life and work. Far and near visual acuities are needed for good life vision, but visual balances including binocular balance, day and night balance, and far and near balance, are more important. The golden standard of evaluating corneal refractive surgery is not only the anticipated corrected visual acuity, but also the good life quality of vision. Higher quality corneal refractive surgery includes three major parts: excellent excimer laser device; favorable surgical environment and consummate surgical technique; customized analysis and surgical design. These three interrelate with each other and are equally important. (Ophthalmol CHN, 2006, 15:161-163 )

Objective To establish the quality standard of Heluoshugan Tablets. Method Rhizoma curcumae and Radix angelicae sinensis were identified by TLC. The content of Paeoniflorin was determined by HPLC. Result Rhizoma curcumae and Radix angelicae sinensis were identified qualitatively by TLC. The linear range of Paeoniflorin was 0.020 7～0.207 ?g (r=0.999 8). The average recovery was 99.20% (n=5, RSD=0.71%). Conclusion The established standard is suitable for the quality control of Heluoshugan Tablets.

Objective:Discuss the etiology of constipation;evaluate the accuracy and clinical significance of iconography in diagnosis of constipation based on colonic transit test and defecography.Methods:183 patients who had been diagnosed with constipation underwent colonic transit test.Patients who were considered outlet obstruction were further examined by defecography.Diagnosis was made according to the measurement standard established by Professor Gong Shuigen,and retrospective analysis was performed.Results:A total of 169 patients showed abnormal colonic transit.36 had actual slow-transit constipation;49 had pseudo-slow-transit constipation;and 127 had out-let obstructive constipation,among those 43 were accompanied with slow-transit constipation.Conclusion:Colonic transit test combined with defecography is the optimal,simple and noninvasive diagnostic method for constipation.The static and dynamic observation of colonic transit motility and the imaging manifestation of physiolog-ical process of defecation,especially the combination of both,enable us to further elucidate the etiology of constipation caused by slow colonic transit and functional outlet obstruction,and facilitate clinicians to design the most effective treatment.This method is significantly more advanced than the conventional barium enema technique and fiberocolonoscopy and has become the irreplaceable diagnostic method for constipation.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the way to improve the quality of pharmaceutical counseling service.METHODS:The protocols of pharmaceutical counseling service of our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS:Middle-aged and senile patients took the highest proportion among the consultants;cardiovascular drugs were most frequently consulted and the consultative questions covered a wide range.CONCLUSION:Pharmaceutical counseling service is an effective way carried out to enhance the technological content of pharmaceutical care.The quality of pharmaceutical counseling service can be improved by strengthening clinical pharmacists' training and equipping computerized pharmaceutical inquiry system.

Objective To investigate the effects of Nicergoline on swallowing function,substance P level and cognitive function in stroke patients.Methods A total of 60 patients developing stroke within 1-3 months with swallowing and mild to moderate cognitive impairments were selected and randomly divided into Nicergoline group (n=30,patients taking Nicergoline 20 mg,tid,for 4 weeks) and control group (n=30,patients taking placebo for 4 weeks).The swallowing function was evaluated,change of serum P substance level and the improvement of cognitive function were observed after 4 weeks of treatment.Results The swallowing function was improved in Nicergoline group after 4 weeks of treatment as compared with pre-treatment [(7.15 ± 1.76) scores vs.(5.42±1.89) scores,t=3.669,P=0.001],while it had no significant difference in the control group before versus after treatment (t=0.115,P=0.909).The substance P level was increased in Nicergoline group after 4 weeks of treatment as compared with pre-treatment [(189.6 ± 41.3) ng/L vs.(112.3±38.5) ng/L,P＜0.01],and it was slightly increased in control group after treatment,but there was no significant difference (t=0.933,P=0.355).In Nicergoline group,MMSE and MoCA scores were higher after treatment than before treatment [(24.77±5.75) vs.(19.22±2.36),(18.53±5.42) vs.(14.02±3.52),t=4.891 and 3.822,both P=0.000],while they had no significant differences in control group before versus after treatment (both P＞0.05).Conclusions Nicergoline can improve swallowing function and reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonitis as well as improve the cognitive function in stroke patients.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of puerarin and its phospholipid complex in Beagle dogs in vivo.Methods To determine the puerarin concentration in blood by HPLC,carry on the cross-experiments in the same group of dogs,and calculate the data using 3P97 pharmacokinetic program software.Results The concentration-time profiles of puerarin after ig puerarin and its phospholipid complex(equivalent to 52.5 mg/kg of puerarin) were shown to fit two-compartment open model with first-order absorption.Their AUC,C_(max),and t_(max) for puerarin were(10.91?4.83) mg?h/L,(3.00?1.13) mg/L,and(1.62?0.30) h,while for puerarin in phospholipid complex were(13.67?2.72) mg?h/L,(1.91?0.51) mg/L,and(2.38?1.27) h,respectively.Difference in AUC is significant.Conclusion(Phospholipid complex) formation can effectively enhance puerarin absorption in Beagle dogs in vivo.