Objective To investiGate the value of procalcitonin( PCT ),C reactive protein( CRP ), white blood cell( WBC)and platelet in the diaGnosis of neonatal infection. Methods The clinical data of 57 cases with neonatal infection in the First Hospital of Hefei were retrospectively analyzed. Select 65 healthy neonates in the same period as control Group. Compared two Groups of serum PCT,CRP,WBC and platelet levels, and diaGnosed of sensitivity,specificity of neonatal infection. Results There were statistical siGnificant differences between infection Group and control Group interms of CRP,WBC and PCT in newborn health neonates ( P<0. 05),but except the platelet( P>0. 05). The sensitivity and specificity of PCT were 54. 4% and 92. 3%, of CRP were 43. 9% and 84. 6%,of WBC was 29. 8% and 90. 8%,and of PLT were 38. 6% and 69. 2%. Conclusion PCT,CRP,WBC are of diaGnostic siGnificance for early diaGnosis of neonatal infection,and PCT has hiGh sensitivity and specificity of diaGnosis of neonatal infectious diseases.

Objective To study the relationship between polymorphism of NAT2 gene and the susceptibility of osteosarcoma. Methods Using serum samples of patients with osteosarcoma , NAT2 gene polymorphism was determined by PCR-RFLP to observe M1, M2 and M3 mutant genes, NAT2 genotype and allele distribution. Slow acetylation and rapid acetylation genotype between groups in the distribution were also detected. Moreover , the relationship between the clinical characteristics of osteosarcoma and NAT2 genetic polymorphism were analyzed. Results From January 2010 to September 2015, 126 patients with osteosarcoma were enrolled as a case group, and 119 healthy persons in the same period were as the control group. In the control group, the frequency of NAT2 genotype (homozygous wild type (wt/wt and miscellaneous synthetic mutant WT/ MX, homozygous mutant MX/MX) were 30.95%, 50.79% and 18.25% respectively; In the experimental group were 47.06%, 46.22% and 6.72% respectively. The frequency of the two groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). Rapid NAT2 acetylator genotype of suffering from the risk of osteosarcoma 1.782 times slow acetylation genotype (P < 0.05). Compared to rapid acetylation genotype patients with osteosarcoma, slow acetylation genotype patients has smaller tumor volume (P = 0.008),lower differentiation degree of tumor (P = 0.011) and less occurrence of distant metastasis (P = 0.001). Conclusion The rapid acetylation genotype of NAT2 gene may be a risk factor for osteosarcoma.

Objective To establish the HPLC fingerprints of Tangbikang Granules; To scientifically evaluate and effectively control the quality of Tangbikang Granules; To ensure its production stability. Methods HPLC was performed on the column of Germany Merck RP-18 endcapped (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid water; column temperature was 40 ℃; flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; detection wavelength was 240 nm; volume injection was 20 μL. Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation Software (edition 2004A) of Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission was used to evaluate the similarity of the 10 batches of Tangbikang Granules, and to analyze the correlations of 9 ingredients in Tangbikang Granules. Results Wogonoside was used as the reference peak, and the common mode for the HPLC fingerprints was set up. The similarities of the 10 batches of Tangbikang Granules were above 0.930, and altogether 25 common peaks in the chromatograms were found, of which 18 peaks were assigned to Chinese materia medica in Tangbikang Granules. Conclusion The method has good separability and is accurate and simple, which can provide references for the quality control of Tangbikang Granules.

Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis strain C500 is a live, attenuated vaccine that has been used in China for over 40 years to prevent piglet paratyphoid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis C500 strain with a delta asd mutant as an effective live vaccine vector by the Asd+ balanced-lethal host-vector system. Here, we compared the characteristics of S. enterica serovar Choleraesuis delta asdC500 strain with the parent C500 strain, including phenotype, growth rate, virulence, safety, and expression for heterologous antigen. The mean generation times of delta asdC500 mutant, the vector control delta asdC500 (pYA3493), and the parent avirulent C500 vaccine strain in Luria broth were 30.7, 28.1, and 27.9 min, respectively. The fermentation patterns of theses three strains on different carbohydrates, and the levels of production of H2S, were similar. The O and H antigens of delta asdC500 mutant, delta asdC500 (pYA3493) and delta asdC500 (pYA-F1P2) were 6,7:C:1,5, identical to the parent strain C500. By the method of Reed and Muench, groups of mice were challenged by the intraperitoneal route with different amounts of delta asdC500 (pYA3493) or the parent C500 strain, and the virulence of delta asdC500 (pYA3493) with LD50 of 1.1 x 10(7) CFU was a little lower than C500 with LD50 of 4.4 x 10(6) CFU. All piglets inoculated with delta asdC500 (pYA3493) or C500 survived, and no signs of disease were observed during the entire experimental period. No major differences were found in these two groups. In addition, the recombinant pYA-F1P2 plasmid was very stable in the recombinant delta asdC500 (pYA-F1P2) strain, which expressed secretorily a large amount of the recombinant filamentous hemagglutinin type I domain and pertactin region 2 domain antigen (rF1P2) of Bordetella bronchiseptica. In this study, we have shown that the delta asdC500 mutant had a series of biological characteristics similar to the parent vaccine strain C500. Furthermore, the strain could express secretorily a large amount of heterologous antigen. It is likely that this Salmonella expression and delivery system could be easily adapted to develop multivalent recombinant Salmonella vaccines against infectious agents using the Asd+ balanced-lethal host-vector system.
Amino Acid Oxidoreductases ; genetics ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Mutation ; Salmonella Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology ; Salmonella enterica ; genetics ; immunology ; pathogenicity ; Swine ; Transduction, Genetic ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; genetics ; immunology ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; genetics ; immunology ; Virulence

Objective To examine the proportion and reasons of drop-out from antiretroviral therapy(ART)among 8 367 adult HIV-infected individuals in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province. Methods All adult HIV-infected patients receiving ART before September 30 of 2014 were examined for the situation of drop-out from ART. Results The proportion of drop-out from ART among adult HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture was 14.4%(1 202/8 367). Results from the univariate logistic regression analyses indicated that drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with factors as:living area,gender,age,marital status,HIV transmission route,baseline CD4+T cell counts and initial treatment regimen of the patients. After adjusted for potential confounding variables by multiple logistic regression model,drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with residential area,marital status,HIV transmission route,baseline CD4+T cell count and initial treatment regimen of the patients. HIV-infected patients who were living in Mangshi city,Lianghe county or Yingjiang county,being married or living with partner,HIV infection through sexual contact,with baseline CD4+T cell counts≤200 cells/mm3,and ART included in the initial treatment regimen etc.,were less likely to drop out from ART. The proportion of drop out from ART was significantly decreasing along with the increasing time of ART. Data from specific investigation revealed that among the 1 202 patients who dropped out from ART,704(58.6%)were lost to follow-up,303(25.2%) did not adhere to treatment,74(6.2%)moved out the region,64(5.3%)were Burmese that had returned to Burma,29 (2.4%) stopped the treatment according to doctors’advice,18(1.5%)were incarcerated and 10 (0.8%) were under other reasons. Reasons for the drop-out varied,according to the situation of patients. Conclusion The proportion of drop-out from ART varied significantly according to the characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture that underscoring the needs for tailored responses to reduce drop-out of ART. Focus should be targeted on reducing the loss to follow-up and improving the treatment adherence.

Objective To examine the proportion and reasons of drop-out from antiretroviral therapy(ART)among 8 367 adult HIV-infected individuals in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province. Methods All adult HIV-infected patients receiving ART before September 30 of 2014 were examined for the situation of drop-out from ART. Results The proportion of drop-out from ART among adult HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture was 14.4%(1 202/8 367). Results from the univariate logistic regression analyses indicated that drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with factors as:living area,gender,age,marital status,HIV transmission route,baseline CD4+T cell counts and initial treatment regimen of the patients. After adjusted for potential confounding variables by multiple logistic regression model,drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with residential area,marital status,HIV transmission route,baseline CD4+T cell count and initial treatment regimen of the patients. HIV-infected patients who were living in Mangshi city,Lianghe county or Yingjiang county,being married or living with partner,HIV infection through sexual contact,with baseline CD4+T cell counts≤200 cells/mm3,and ART included in the initial treatment regimen etc.,were less likely to drop out from ART. The proportion of drop out from ART was significantly decreasing along with the increasing time of ART. Data from specific investigation revealed that among the 1 202 patients who dropped out from ART,704(58.6%)were lost to follow-up,303(25.2%) did not adhere to treatment,74(6.2%)moved out the region,64(5.3%)were Burmese that had returned to Burma,29 (2.4%) stopped the treatment according to doctors’advice,18(1.5%)were incarcerated and 10 (0.8%) were under other reasons. Reasons for the drop-out varied,according to the situation of patients. Conclusion The proportion of drop-out from ART varied significantly according to the characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture that underscoring the needs for tailored responses to reduce drop-out of ART. Focus should be targeted on reducing the loss to follow-up and improving the treatment adherence.

Objective:To construct a surface display system containing various lengths of the Ag43 passenger domain for an optimal bacterial surface display of foreign protein HPV16L1.Methods:(1) Ag43 gene sequences of different lengths were inserted into pET22b vector to construct four Ag43 surface display vectors (Ag43/138, Ag43/551, Ag43/552 and Ag43/700) using PCR and subcloning strategy. (2) The generation of four HPV16L1-Ag43 fusion constructs was completed by PCR and subcloning methods. (3) HPV16L1-Ag43 fusion proteins were expressed and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. (4) The surface exposure of HPV-16L1 was verified using trypsin digestion.Results:PCR analysis and sequencing results showed that Ag43 surface display vectors and HPV16L1-Ag43 fusions were constructed successfully. SDS-PAGE showed that the expression of HPV16L1-Ag43 fusion proteins could be induced with 0.2 mmol/L IPTG and the protein content was reduced after the cells were treated with trypsin, especially the content of Ag43/700-HPV16L1 that showed a drastic reduction.Conclusions:The Ag43 surface display system was successfully constructed and could be used for a successful display of HPV16L1. This study also showed that Ag43/700 comprising only the α-helix and the β-barrel of Ag43 provided an optimal surface display for HPV16L1.

AIM:Given the uncertain impact of osmotic pressure on embryoid body(EB)differentiation,this study aimed to investigate the effects of increased osmotic pressure on EB differentiation and explore the potential relation-ship between this process and cadherin.METHODS:Polhethylene glycol 300(PEG 300)was used to increase the os-motic pressure of the culture medium used for cultivating EBs under both high osmotic pressure and standard culture condi-tions.The experimental design included a control group,an experimental group(hypertonic group),groups treated with varying concentrations of PEG 300,and an experimental group treated with an inhibitor.Western blot,RT-qPCR,AM/PI staining,CCK-8,and immunocytochemical staining was used to analyze the cell viability and the expression of CDH1 and CDH2 markers of the three germ layers,and pluripotency markers within the EBs.RESULTS:Hypertonicity did not af-fect cell viability.Significant differences were observed in the expression of the cadherin proteins CDH1 and CDH2 in EBs between the experimental and control groups;however,no cleartrend towards an EMT shift was observed.Specifically,CDH2 expression was significantly down-regulated in experimental group,showing a clear correlation with variations in os-motic pressure.Moreover,compared with control group,pluripotency markers in the EBs from experimental group exhibited significantly higher expression levels from the 2nd day to the 5th day.A substantial increase in the expression of mesoder-mal markers was also observed;however,a downward trend was observed for ectodermal markers in experimental group.Intervention using SB431542,which up-regulates CDH2 expression by affecting TGF-β signaling,reversed the expression trend of mesodermal and ectodermal markers in experimental group.CONCLUSION:Elevated osmotic pressure appears to enhance the mesodermal differentiation efficiency in EBs,possibly correlating with CDH1 and CDH2 changes induced by osmotic pressure.Therefore,this study emphasizes the significant role of osmotic pressure in stem cell applications.

OBJECTIVETo examine the proportion and reasons of drop-out from antiretroviral therapy (ART) among 8 367 adult HIV-infected individuals in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province.

METHODSAll adult HIV-infected patients receiving ART before September 30 of 2014 were examined for the situation of drop-out from ART.

RESULTSThe proportion of drop-out from ART among adult HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture was 14.4% (1 202/8 367). Results from the univariate logistic regression analyses indicated that drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with factors as: living area, gender, age, marital status, HIV transmission route, baseline CD4⁺ T cell counts and initial treatment regimen of the patients. After adjusted for potential confounding variables by multiple logistic regression model, drop-out from ART was significantly correlated with residential area, marital status, HIV transmission route, baseline CD4⁺ T cell count and initial treatment regimen of the patients. HIV-infected patients who were living in Mangshi city, Lianghe county or Yingjiang County, being married or living with partner, HIV infection through sexual contact, with baseline CD4⁺ T cell counts ≤ 200 cells/mm³, and ART included in the initial treatment regimen etc., were less likely to drop out from ART. The proportion of drop out from ART was significantly decreasing along with the increasing time of ART. Data from specific investigation revealed that among the 1 202 patients who dropped out from ART, 704 (58.6%) were lost to follow-up, 303 (25.2%) did not adhere to treatment, 74 (6.2%) moved out the region, 64 (5.3%) were Burmese that had returned to Burma, 29 (2.4%) stopped the treatment according to doctors' advice, 18 (1.5%) were incarcerated and 10 (0.8%) were under other reasons. Reasons for the drop-out varied, according to the situation of patients.

CONCLUSIONThe proportion of drop-out from ART varied significantly according to the characteristics of HIV-infected patients in Dehong prefecture that underscoring the needs for tailored responses to reduce drop-out of ART. Focus should be targeted on reducing the loss to follow-up and improving the treatment adherence.

Adult ; Anti-Retroviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; China ; HIV Infections ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Patient Dropouts ; statistics & numerical data

OBJECTIVETo understand HIV rival suppression and drug resistance (HIVDR) among AIDS patients who were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province.

METHODSAll AIDS patients who were aged over 15 years and with experience more than six months on ART by the end of 2012 in Dehong prefecture, were enrolled to receive testing for HIV viral load in plasma and genetic mutations associated with HIVDR.

RESULTSA total of 4 390 AIDS patients were qualified for the study according to the selection criteria, of whom 3 964 (90.3%) finally participated in the study. Among them, 2 307(58.2%) had CD₄(+) cell counts more than 350 cells/mm³. 3 169 (79.9%) patients showed undetectable plasma HIV viral load which was lower than the detection threshold. Those who had the following factors as:resided in Ruili city, being female, older than 45 years of age, married, heterosexually infected with HIV, having received ART more than 5 years, and CD₄(+) cell counts >500 cells/mm³, were more likely to have undetectable plasma virus load, with the differences statistically significant. 402 (10.1%) patients had plasma viral load ≥ 1 000 copies/ml, of whom 353 (87.8%) were successfully amplified and examined for HIVDR. Among them, 198 (56.1% ) were identified to bear genetic mutations associated with HIVDR. Most mutations were related to the resistance to nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) or non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), with M184V and K103N most frequently seen. 12 patients (3.4%) were found to have mutations resistant to protease inhibitors (PI). Data from multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the period of receiving ART and the initial ART regimen could both significantly predict the occurrence of HIV resistance.

CONCLUSIONViral suppression was highly achieved among ART-prescribed AIDS patients in Dehong prefecture,Yunnan province. However, among those who did not show effective viral suppression, the proportion of HIVDR was high, underscoring the needs for health education so as to improve the adherence to drugs as well as for improving testing for viral load and HIVDR among AIDS patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; drug therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Anti-HIV Agents ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Viral Load ; drug effects ; Young Adult