hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11? HSD) catalyzes the interconversion of cortisol with its inactive metabolite cortisone. The congenital deficiency of 11? HSD2 induce hypertension and hypokalemia. This disorder is called "Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess(AME)". Glycyrrhizic acid and other endo and xenobiotics have been found to inhibit the activity of 11? HSD and cause excess mineralocorticoid effects that is similar to AME. The decrease in 11? HSD activity is related with the acquired and congenital hypertention.

Objective To investigate the assistant effect of modified Morita therapy on depression. Methods 60 outpatients of depression were selected and grouped by registration order,research group (RG) was given antidepressant and Morita therapy,control group (CG) as antidepressant. Scales HAMD and SF-36 were evaluated before treatment and after 12 weeks. Results There was no significant difference on sex,age,marriage,education,scores of HAMD and SF-36 between two groups ( P> 0.05 ). After treatment, HAMD and SF-36 of two groups were improved notably (P<0.01). HAMD(RG:7.60±5.76,CG:13.70±8.46, P<0. O1) and GH(RG:68.13 ±15.77,CG:59.00 ± 17.12, P<0.05) ,VT( RG:68.83 ± 18.67 ,CG:47.17 ± 18.18, P<0. 01 ) ,SF( RG:86.23± 18.67,CG:77.03 ±12.28, P<0.01) ,RE(RG:74.44 ± 35.76,CG:51.12 ±41.74, P<0.05) ,MH (RG:75.47 ± 16.16, CG :61.73 ± 15.75, P< 0.01 ) of SF-36 in research group were improved significantly than those in control group. Conclusion Modified Morita therapy could increase the effect of antidepressants and improve outcome of diseases.

Objective:To study the impact of smoking on C-reactive protein(CRP)concentration in gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) before and after initial treatment.Methods:18 smokers and 18 non-smokers with moderate or severe periodontal disease were recrui-ted into this study.The clinical indexes of periodontal examination of the patients were recorded,GCF samples of the patients were collected,CRP level in the samples was measured by radioimmunoassay balance method before and 4 weeks after initial treatment. Results:4 weeks after initial treatment,the clinical indexes and CRP concentration in GCF of the smoking group and non-smoking group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P <0.05),the changes of the smoking group were less than those of the non-smoking group(P <0.05).Conclusion:Smoking is an unfavorable factor of the initial periodontal therapy.

Objective To compare the image quality of portal venous system in the patients with live cirrhosis and portal hyper-tension using two different inj ection methods,so as to investigate the optimization of imaging techniques.Methods Single-phase in-jection (group A)or biphasic injection (group B)was applied by random on 40 patients for portal venous system vascular imaging, and subsequently image quality and technical advantages between the two groups were compared and analyzed respectively.Results 1.There was no significant difference in image quality between the two groups(P>0.05),while contrast agent dosage (90 mL)in group B is less than group A(100 mL).2.The CT value of Portal vein,liver parenchyma and P-L discrepancy in group B were slightly lower than those in group A,however,no statistical difference was noted(P>0.05).After 45 second,the P-L discrepancy of group B was larger than that of group A.The peak times of portal vein,liver parenchyma and the P-L discrepancy in group B were longer than those in group A(P<0.05).3.The graph of P-L discrepancy demonstrated:the threshold interval of P-L discrep-ancy in group B was longer than that in group A.Conclusion Biphasic inj ection methods could not only afford reliable imaging quali-ty on portal venous system vascular imaging in the patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension,but also lead to a less total dose of contrast agent.Therefore,it could be used as an optimal choice of imaging technology for portal venous system vascular ima-ging.

Objective To investiGate the value of procalcitonin( PCT ),C reactive protein( CRP ), white blood cell( WBC)and platelet in the diaGnosis of neonatal infection. Methods The clinical data of 57 cases with neonatal infection in the First Hospital of Hefei were retrospectively analyzed. Select 65 healthy neonates in the same period as control Group. Compared two Groups of serum PCT,CRP,WBC and platelet levels, and diaGnosed of sensitivity,specificity of neonatal infection. Results There were statistical siGnificant differences between infection Group and control Group interms of CRP,WBC and PCT in newborn health neonates ( P<0. 05),but except the platelet( P>0. 05). The sensitivity and specificity of PCT were 54. 4% and 92. 3%, of CRP were 43. 9% and 84. 6%,of WBC was 29. 8% and 90. 8%,and of PLT were 38. 6% and 69. 2%. Conclusion PCT,CRP,WBC are of diaGnostic siGnificance for early diaGnosis of neonatal infection,and PCT has hiGh sensitivity and specificity of diaGnosis of neonatal infectious diseases.

Objective To explore the value of the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the sacral tumors with MRI. Methods Twenty nine patients with histologically proven sacral tumors were viewed, including sacral chordoma( n =5), giant cell tumor( n =1), neurilemmona( n =3), ganglioneuroma( n =2), malignant lymphoma( n =4), osteosarcoma( n =1), malignant neurilemmoma ( n =1), and secondary tumors ( n =12).All patients were examined with MR,CT and plain radiograph. MR findings were analyzed. Results (1) sacral tumors involved sacral bone with a regularity. Four patients with sacral chordoma involved usually above S3 level, not including S1 bone. One patient with giant cell tumor involved S2 S3. Six patients with neuromas involved S1 S3, including S1 bone. (2) signal intensity: moderate and/or low signal on T 1 weighted images, mottled signal on T 2WI. (3) sacral pores were destructed, disappeared, or enlarged. Sacral pores enlarged in six patients with neuromas, destructed in others. (4) sacral canal were destructed, disappeared, or enlarged. (5) tumors were classified into central ( n =16), centrifugal ( n =9), and mixed ( n =4) types. (6) sacral tumors were segmental on sagittal MR images. Conclusion MRI is superior to CT and plain X ray in assessing classification, segment and sacral pores and the like, so MRI is very important to the diagnosis and the differential diagnosis of the sacral tumors.

AIM: To compare pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of telmisartan capsule (T) and telmisartan tablet(R). METHODS: 20 male healthy Chinese volunteers were enrolled in a randomized two-way crossover designs with a single-oral dose study(80 mg once per day for each preparation). The plasma telmisatan concentration was determined by HPLC- fluorescence detector. Plasma levels of telmisatan were followed up to 96 h. Area under the telmisartan concentration time curve was calculated by variance analysis and the bioequivalent was determined by two one-side t-test. RESULTS: A two-compartment model was adopted in telmisartan plasma concentration-time data analysis. The pharmacokinetic parameters of T and R in single-dose study including Cmax (μg·L-1), Tmax (h), T1/2β (h), MRT(h), AUC0-92(μg·h·L-1) were as following: 456±253 and 760±314, 1.61±0.71 and 1.08±0.36, 22.39±6.29 and 21.08±5.24, 27.02±6.23 and 24.27±5.79, 3454±1050 and 3635±1300, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between the parameter values of the two products in Cmax and Tmax; whereas there was no statistically significant difference between AUC0-∞μg·h·L-1 (3601±1095 and 3767±1399). The relative bioavailability for T was 97.28%±12.74%. CONCLUSION: The test telmisartan capsule is bioequivalent to the reference tablet.

Aim To investigate the effects of co-administration of Astragalus Saponin Ⅰ(ASI)and bendazac lysine(BDL)on hypertrophy of cultured rat mesangial cells and its mechanism.Methods The levels of collagen Ⅳ and laminin,the percentages of cells in S phase,the relative quantity of transforming growth factor ?1(TGF-?1) mRNA and indexes of oxidative status were assayed after the cells were incubated in different agents for 36 h.Results The percentage of S phase cells in high glucose group(HG) was greatly decreased while those of vitamin E group(VE) and co-administration groups were increased.The relative quantity of TGF-?1 mRNA and the collagen Ⅳ level in co-administration groups were significantly decreased,and the levels of total anti-oxidative capability(T-AOC),activity of catalase(CAT),GSH-PX,and SOD were greatly increased.Furthermore,the significant differences were found between low ASI(AL)group,low BDL(BL) group and co-administration of low ASI and low BDL(AL+BL) group for TGF-?1 mRNA,T-AOC and GSH-PX;the high ASI group(AH),high BDL group(BH) and co-administration of high ASI and high BDL group(AH+BH) for TGF-?1 mRNA and collagen Ⅳ,respectively. Conclusion Co-administration of ASI and BDL has synergetic effects on regulating TGF-?1,collagen Ⅳ,and radical oxidative stress,therefore,is beneficial to protecting rat mesangial cells against hypertrophy.

Objective To study the protective mechanism of astragaloside on skin photoaging. Methods BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: model group irradiated with ultraviolet rays (UV), model plus matrix group pretreated with the matrix before UV irradiation, model plus astragaloside group pretreated with astragaloside 0.08% cream before UV irradiation, normal control group received no irradiation or pretreatment. After 4-week irradiation, the mice were sacrificed, and skin tissues were resected from the back of these mice. Then, reverse transeription PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-βR Ⅱ and Smad 7, respectively. Gray scale ratio was used to represent the mRNA levels of TGF-βR Ⅱ and Smad 7. Results There was a significant difference in the mRNA level (F = 80.98, 736.80, respectively, both P < 0.01) and protein positivity rate (F = 45.36,132.25, respectively,both P < 0.01) of TGF-βR Ⅱ and Smad 7 among the 4 groups. The mRNA level and protein positivity rate of TGF-βR Ⅱwere 0.2588±0.0283 and (28.20 ± 5.24)% respectively in the model group, significantly lower than those in the normal control group[0.5688 ± 0.0439, (53.00 ± 4.72)%, both P < 0.01] and model plus astragaloside group [0.3767 ± 0.0374, (41.64 ± 2.59)%, both P< 0.01]; on the contrary, the mRNA level and protein positivity rate of Smad 7 in the model group [0.8637 ± 0.0514, (82.06 ± 2.18)%] were significantly higher than those in the normal control group [0.5900 ± 0.0585, (47.50±3.81)%, both P < 0.01] and model plus astragaloside group [0.7131 ± 0.0410, (64.36 ± 2.62)%, both P< 0.01]. In the model plus astragaloside group, the mRNA level and protein positivity rate of TGF-βR Ⅱ were significantly higher than in the model plus matrix group [0.2653 ± 0.0456, (28.74 ± 2.28)%, both P < 0.01], while those of Smad 7 were statistically lower than in the model plus matrix group [0.8553 ± 0.0575, (82.62 ± 4.02)%, both P < 0.01]. However,no significant difference was observed in the mRNA level or protein positivity rate of TGF-βR Ⅱ or Smad 7 between the model group and model plus matrix group (all P > 0.01). Conclusion Astragaloside can prevent skin photoaging by the alteration of TGF-β pathway via up-regulating TGF-βR Ⅱ expression and down-regulating Smad 7 expression.

AIM: To establish a sensitive method for quantitative determination of astragaloside Ⅳ (AGS-Ⅳ) in plasma and a preliminary evaluation of its pharmacokinetics parameters in intact rats. METHODS: A liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) was applied for determining AGS-Ⅳ in plasma by using digoxin as the internal standard (I.S.). Six rats were given AGS-Ⅳ 2.0 mg/kg by intravenous infusion for 5 min. Blood samples were drawn intermittently with each intact rat from left femoral artery at 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 10, 14 and 24 h after medication. The samples were prepared by solid phase extraction and analyzed through a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospary probe. The samples were monitored in selected ion recording (SIR) mode of positive ions by using target ions at m/z 807.5 for AS- Ⅳand at m/z 803.5 for I.S. RESULTS: Calibration curves were linear over the ranges 1-1 000 ng/mL for AGS-Ⅳ (r=0.9992). The intra-and inter-day assay variability values were less than 6% and 8%, respectively. Extraction recoveries from plasma were 92.8%-98.4% for AGS-Ⅳ and 80.0%-90.9% for digoxin, respectively. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) for AGS-Ⅳ was 0.5 ng/mL. The concentration-time curves of AGS-Ⅳ for each rat were fitted to an open two-compartment model by CAPP program. The pharmacokinetics parameters of AGS-Ⅳ were as following: the elimination half-life (t1/2β), clearance rate (CL), distribution volume at steady state (Vss), and AUC0-∞ were (3.46±0.52) h, (0.47±0.02) L/h, (0.76±0.16) L/kg and (4.27±0.19) μg·mL-1·h, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results show that this method is satisfied for the measurements of pharmacokinetics study for AGS-Ⅳ.