OBJECTIVE： To screen active fractions of Xiaozhong zhitong lotion that are able to reduce swelling， promote ulcer healing and analgesia， and to provide reference for it’s secondary development of ointment preparation. METHODS： Water elution fraction and 20％， 40％， 60％， 95％ ethanol elution parts were separated by D101 macroporous resin from Xiaozhong zhitong lotion. 120 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group （n＝8） and modeling group （n＝112）. Rats in the normal group were not treated. Hemorrhoids model was established in the model group by injecting 75％ glacial acetic acid into the perianal skin to induce perianal ulcer. 96 model rats were randomly divided into model group [blank ointment matrix 0.51 g/（kg·d）]， positive group [Mayinglong ointment， 0.51 g/（kg·d）]， high-dose and low-dose groups of Xiaozhong zhitong lotion and it’s water elution fraction and 20％， 40％， 60％ ethanol elution parts [8.34， 2.78 g/（kg·d） by crude drug， all make into containing drug ointment]， with 8 rats in each group. The periphery of the anus was smeared with relevant medicine， twice a day， for consecutive 7 d. The local symptoms around the anus of rats 3 and 7 days after administration and the pathological morphology of the local mucosa around the anus of rats 7 days after administration were observed and scored respectively. The effects of each elution part for reducing swelling and promoting ulcer healing were investigated. 120 ICR mice were randomly divided into model group [blank ointment matrix 1.03 g/（kg·d）]， positive group [Mayinglong ointment 1.03 g/（kg·d）]， high-dose and low-dose groups of Xiaozhong zhitong lotion and it’s each elution part [16.65， 5.55 g/（kg·d） by crude drug， all make into containing drug ointment]， with 10 mice in each group. Transdermal administration， twice a day， for consecutive 7 d. After 30 min of last administration， the latency time and 15 min writhing times of mice were detected by designing acetic acid writhing test； pain threshold of mice was determined by hot-plate pain test so as to investigate systemic and local analgesic effects of each elution part. RESULTS： In the detumescence and ulcer healing test， compared with normal group， the score of local symptoms around anus at 3rd and 7th day of administration as well as pathological score of hemorrhoids local mucosa were increased significantly in model group （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， above scores of positive group， 40％ ethanol elution high-dose and low-dose groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The scores of local symptoms around anus in 20％ ethanol elution part high-dose group at 3rd and 7th day after medication as well as 60％ ethanol elution part group at 7th day after medication were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. In analgesia test， compared with model group， writhing latency time was shortened significantly and 15 min writhing times was decreased significantly in positive group， 40％ ethanol elution part high-dose and low-dose groups as weel as 60％ ethanol elution part high-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； writhing latency time of 20％ ethanol elution part high-dose group was shortened significantly （P＜0.05）. Pain threshold of mice was increased significantly in positive group， 40％ ethanol elution part high-dose and low-dose groups after medication （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： The 40％ ethanol elution part from Xiaozhong zhitong lotion is the effective part that can reduce swelling， promote ulcer healing and analgesia.

Objective:For tympanosclerosis patients with ossicular chain fixation, we use ossicular chain bypass technique and evaluate its long-term effects. Methods:From June 2017 to June 2019, 147 patients with tympanosclerosis who underwent middle ear surgery with otoscopy in Yinchuan First People's Hospital were reviewed. The subjects were divided into three groups according to the implemented operation plan, 51 cases in the ossicular chain mobilization group（OCM）, 56 cases in the ossicular chain bypass reconstruction group（OCB）, and 40 cases in the malleus-incus complex resection reconstruction group（MICR）. Through a three-year follow-up, the medium and long-term effects of different operation plans were compared and analyzed. Results:There was no significant difference among the three groups in the incidence of tympanic membrane perforation, delayed facial nerve palsy, and the dispatch and displacement of PORP. The incidence of tympanic membrane retraction pocket or cholesteatoma after operation in OCB group（0） was significantly lower than that in OCM group（11.76%） and MICR group（7.5%）（P<0.05）. At 12 months after operation, ΔABG of OCB group and MICR group were better than that in the OCM group（P<0.05）. At 36 months after operation, ΔABG of OCB group was better than that in the OCM group（P<0.05）, and there was no significant difference between OCB group and MICR group. The audiological performance of patients with epitympanic sclerosis（ETS） at 12, 24 and 36 months after operation was better than that of patients with posterior tympanosclerosis（PTS） and total tympanosclerosis（TTS）（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Compared with patients undergoing ossicular chain mobilization and malleus-incus complex resection for ossicular chain reconstruction, patients with tympanosclerosis undergoing bypass technique have better and stable hearing prognosis in medium and long term. This technique can effectively prevent the formation of retracted pocket and cholesteatoma in patients with tympanosclerosis after operation.
Humans ; Tympanosclerosis ; Ear Ossicles/surgery* ; Ear, Middle ; Malleus/surgery* ; Cholesteatoma ; Retrospective Studies ; Ossicular Prosthesis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE：To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of classical prescription versus antihistamines in the treatment of eczema. METHODS ：Retrieved from CBM and CNKI ，randomized controlled trials （RCTs）about classical prescription（trial group ）versus antihistamines （control group ）in the treatment of eczema were collected. The qualities of included literatures were evaluated by modified Jadad scale after literature screening and data extraction ，and Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 software. RESULTS ：Totally 19 RCTs involving 1 829 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that total response rate of patients with Shire Yunfu type [OR ＝5.67，95％CI（3.44，9.33），P＜0.000 01]，Pixu Shiyun type [OR ＝4.23， 95％ CI（1.89，9.46），P＝0.000 4]，Xuexu Fengzao type [OR ＝3.57，95％ CI（2.36，5.41），P＜0.000 01] in trial group were significantly higher than that of control group. There were no statistical differences in the incidence of ADR between patients with Shire Yunfu type [OR ＝0.72，95％CI（0.21，2.41），P＝0.59]，Pixu Shiyun type [OR ＝0.31，95％CI（0.01，13.57），P＝0.54]，Xuexu Fengzao type [OR＝1.08，95％ CI（0.18，6.59），P＝0.93] in trial group and control group. After treatment ，the levels of TNF-α [SMD＝－1.67，95％CI（－2.04，－1.31），P＜0.000 01]，IL-6 [SMD＝－1.53，95％CI（－1.88，－1.17），P＜0.000 01] and IL-8 [SMD＝－1.75，95％CI（－2.28，－1.21），P＜0.000 01] in patients with Shire Yunfu type in trial group were significantly lower than control group. There was no statistical significance in CD 4+ levels [SMD ＝1.51，95％CI（－0.37，3.38），P＝0.12] between Shire Yunfu type patients in trial group and control group. CONCLUSIONS ：Therapeutic efficacy of classical prescription in treatment of eczema is better than antihistamines，with similar safety . Modified Longdan xiegan decoction can significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with Shire Yunfu type.

Avian influenza virus H6N1 subtype has been circulating in aquatic bird and terrestrial bird,and is the most frequently detected subtype of influenza A virus in those hosts.Genetic analysis results suggested that this virus might be the progenitor of the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus,as seven of eight gene segments of those viruses had a common source.As continuing evolution of H6N1,it could spread across species barriers to mammals and had strong infection ability in mice,swine and ferrets.Serological epidemiological survey showed that a few people were positive for H6 avian influenza virus antibody and then the world's first human infection with influenza virus H6N1 subtype was reported in May 2013.Therefore,with the expansion of the host range of the virus,gene mutation and gene reassortment of H6N1 virus can occur in these hosts,and then it may evolve into novel variant strain with infected human potential.

Objective: To compare the early and mid-term postoperative changes of left ventricular structure and function beteen mitral repair and replacement in patients with mitral regurgitation. Methods: 100 patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation underwent mitral valve replacement and mitral repair from January 2008 to January 2018 were retrospectively studyed. Of them, 46 patients underwent mitral repair and(repair group) 54 patients underwent mitral valve replacement(replacement group). The results of color Doppler echocardiography before, one week after, 12 months after and 24-36 months after operation were collected. Left atrial diameter(LAD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic diameter(LVESD) were selected to evaluate left ventricular structure, fraction shortening(FS)、left ventricular stroke volume( SV )and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) to evaluate left ventricular function. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Results: In left ventricular structural parameters, LAD, LVEDD and LVESD in mitral repair group and replacement group were significantly improved compared with those before operation(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in LAD, LVEDD and LVESD between the two groups at 12 months after operation(P>0.05). There were significant differences in LAD(42.26 mm vs 47.15 mm), LVEDD(52.97 mm vs 60.18 mm) and LVESD(31.34 mm vs 34.82 mm) between the two groups at 24-36 months of follow-up(P<0.05). Among the left ventricular function indicators, the early and mid-term SV of the two groups were significantly improved compared with that of the preoperative group(P<0.05). LVEF(0.64 vs 0.59、0.64 vs 0.58)was significantly improved in the 12 and 24-36 months after the operation, and FS(36.18% vs 31.47%) was significantly different in the 24-36 months after the operation(P<0.05). Conclusion Mitral repair has high technical requirements and long operation time, but it has obvious advantages over mitral valve replacement in maintaining left ventricular structure and function in the middle and late period after operation.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of flipping moxibustion ofmedicine combined with western medication and simple western medication for rheumatoid arthritis with cold dampnesssyndrome.

METHODSEighty patients were randomly assigned into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. Oral methotrexate (1 time a week) and sulfasalazine (twice a day except the day for methotrexate) were used in the two groups. Patients in the observation group were treated with flipping moxibustion ofmedicine, twice a week. The main acupoints were Shenshu (BL 23), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Yinlingquan (SP 9), and the matching acupoints were in the meridians related to the disease location. All the treatment was given for continuous 4 weeks. The TCM symptom score, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, blood sedimentation (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were observed before and after treatment. The effect was evaluated.

RESULTSThe total effect rate in the observation group was 95.0% (38/40), which was better than 77.5% (31/40) in the control group (<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score, TCM symptom score, RF, ESR, CRP levels decreased in the two groups (all<0.05), with better effects in the observation group (all<0.05). The adverse reactions in the observation group were lower than those in the control group.

CONCLUSIONFlipping moxibustion ofmedicine combined with western medication for rheumatoid arthritis with cold dampnesssyndrome are better than simple western medication, which are safer and more effective.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. A novel Chinese medicine formula-01 (NCHF-01) has shown significant clinical efficacy in the treatment of NSCLC, but the mechanism of this formula in the treatment of NSCLC is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of NCHF-01 in inhibiting NSCLC. METHODS: Lewis lung cells (LLC) tumor bearing mice were established to detect the tumor inhibitory effect of NCHF-01. The morphological changes of tissues and organs in LLC tumor-bearing mice were detected by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. NSCLC cells were treated by NCHF-01. The effects of cell viability and proliferation were detected by MTT and crystal violet staining experiment. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Network pharmacology was used to predict the mechanism of its inhibitory effect of NSCLC. Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect the expression of related proteins. RESULTS: NCHF-01 can inhibit tumor growth in LLC tumor-bearing mice, and has no obvious side effects on other tissues and organs. NCHF-01 could inhibit cell viability and proliferation, induce G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis, and promote the increase of ROS level. Network pharmacological analysis showed that NCHF-01 exerts anti-NSCLC effects through various biological processes such as oxidative stress and central carbon metabolism. NCHF-01 can reduce the protein expression and enzyme activity of the key enzymes 6-phosphate glucose dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). CONCLUSIONS NCHF-01 can inhibit NSCLC through oxidative stress dependent on the PPP.
Animals ; Mice ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology* ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pentose Phosphate Pathway ; Oxidative Stress ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Apoptosis

Objective: To establish a better near infrared quantitative model for quality control of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma of components (moisture,total ash,liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid) in liquorice,in order to realize rapid detection.Method: The contents of moisture,total ash,liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid were determined in 97 samples based on the methods set forth in Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Meanwhile,the near infrared spectrum was scanned using near infrared spectroscope.R software was used to screen out the spectral pretreatment and build the quantitative models.Result: The optimum spectral pretreatment method for establishing the near infrared quantitative model of moisture and liquiritin was the first order derivative.For moisture,the correlation coefficients of test and validation were 0.930 0 and 0.929 9,and the root mean square errors were 0.243 2 and 0.203 8,respectively.For liquiritin,the correlation coefficients of test and validation were 0.930 3 and 0.907 6,and the root mean square errors were 0.093 9 and 0.128 9,respectively.The optimum spectral pretreatment method for establishing the near infrared quantitative model of total ash was MSC.The correlation coefficients of test and validation were 0.926 5 and 0.917 7,and the root mean square errors were 0.109 6 and 0.103 7,respectively.The optimum spectral pretreatment method for establishing the near infrared quantitative model of glycyrrhizic acid was SNV.The correlation coefficients of test and validation were 0.918 1 and 0.915 7,and the root mean square errors were 0.274 8 and 0.236 0,respectively.Conclusion: In this study,a better near infrared quantitative models for quality control of components of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma were established,with a high accuracy,which laid a foundation for rapid detection of the components in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

OBJECTIVE： To analyze and predict potential pharmacological effects and mechanism of flavonoids from Glycyrrhiza uralensis. METHODS： By the means of network pharmacology， according to TCM integrative pharmacology platform （TCMSP）， using oral bioavailability （OB）＞30％ and drug-likeness （DL）＞0.18 of compound as reference， flavonoids compound of G. uralensis were screened. The potential targets of flavonoids were predicted with pharmacophore matching and PharmMapper date base. DAVID V 6.8 analysis tool was used for KEGG signaling pathway analysis and GO biological process enrichment analysis （using P＜0.05 as judgement standard） of target protein. A flavonoids-targets-signaling pathways network was built through Cytoscape 3.5.1 software. RESULTS： A total of 19 flavonoids compounds （such as liquiritin， isoliquiritin and liquiritigenin， etc.） were screened， involving 78 target proteins as cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 and neprilysin （188 times in total）， 40 signaling pathways （among them， 8 pathways related to cancer， 8 pathways related to endocrine system， 6 pathways related to signal transduction， 5 pathways related to infectious diseases and 3 pathways related to metabolism） as insulin signaling pathway， PI3K-Akt and so on. The flavonoids-targets-signaling pathways network model showed that flavonoids compounds of G. uralensis could act on different metabolic pathways through multiple targets. CONCLUSIONS： The flavonoids of G. uralensis have therapeutic effect on diseases of cancer， endocrine system， infectious diseases， metabolism and so on. It may have potential anti-parkinson’s effect.

Objective: To explore the influence of early essential newborn care(EENC) on the development of omphalitis in preterm infants following normal delivery. Methods: A total of 184 preterm infants, admitted to General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2017 to December 2017, were retrospectively collected as EENC group. During the same period, 161 preterm infants who were born in Yinchuan Maternal and Child Health Hospital were included in the control group. Preterm infants in EENC group were managed based on the clinical practice guideline of "Early Essential Newborn Care", while those in the control group underwent routine care after birth. The incidence of omphalitis between the two groups were compared using independent-samples t test and Chi-square test. Influencing factors of omphalitis were analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of mild omphalitis was lower [5.4% (10/184) vs 11.8% (19/161), χ²=4.520, P<0.05], and the separation and drying up time of cord stump were both earlier in the EENC group than those in the control group [(5.5±1.5) vs (8.2±1.2) d, t=4.169; (2.6±1.4) vs (3.2±1.4) d, t=4.513; both P<0.05]. Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age≤34 weeks (OR=1.885, 95%CI: 1.109-6.757, P=0.032), early umbilical cord clamping (OR=3.615, 95%CI: 1.372-9.381, P=0.001) and bandaging of the umbilical stump (OR=1.921, 95%CI: 1.257-11.893, P=0.035) were independent risk factors of omphalitis in preterm infants. Conclusions Umbilical cord treatment based on EENC could reduce the incidence of omphalitis by avoiding its risk factors in preterm infants following normal delivery.