OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effect of pulp-less molars with defects of different degrees repaired by cast ceramic onlays of three marginal types. METHODS: A total of 165 endodontically treated molars of 105 patients were included in this study and were divided into three kinds of defect (mild, moderate, severe) according to the number of remaining axial walls. Each defect was divided into three groups according to the shape of edge to edge, bevel edge, and concave shoulder. After tooth preparation, the casting of ceramic onlays was performed. Treatment follow-up was done for the evaluation of the success and survival rates of three groups under the same defect. RESULTS: The average follow-up was 925.44 days. Under the mild defect, the success and survival rates of the edge to edge onlays were respectively 100% and 100%; bevel edge onlays, 100% and 100%; and concave shoulder onlays, 94.4% and 100%. Under the moderate defect, the success and survival rates of the edge to edge onlays were respectively 96.0% and 100%; bevel edge onlays, 80.0% and 93.3%; and concave shoulder onlays, 95.2% and 95.2%. Under the severe defect, the success and survival rates of the edge to edge onlays were respectively 95.2% and 100%; bevel edge onlays, 73.7% and 89.5%; and concave shoulder onlays, 73.3% and 80.0%. Under different defects, the success or survival rates of the three kinds of onlays had no significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The edge to edge type is the most preferable way of onlay tooth preparation and can achieve good clinical results in the mild, middle, and severe tooth defection with root canal treatment.
Ceramics ; Dental Porcelain ; Humans ; Inlays ; Molar ; Retrospective Studies

To explore the differences in cognitive function between different subtypes of chronic insomnia，including the diferences of incidence of cognitive dysfunction and the cognitive domain of each subtype. Methods To collect patients diagnosed as chronic insomnia in the neurology department of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2018 to December 2018（65 cases in total）. Polysomnography（PSG） was used to classify patients with insomnia objectively. 14 cases were sleep difficultly，12 cases were awakened early，16 cases were difficult to maintain，and 23 cases were mixed. On the morning of the completion of PSG，to evaluate the cognitive function of patients with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment（MoCA）. Results （1）The incidence of cognitive impairment in different subtypes of chronic insomnia was different（χ2=8.004，P<0.05），and the mixed group was more prone to cognitive dysfunction. （2）The delayed recall scores of patients with different subtypes of insomnia were different（H=13.239，P<0.05），and the scores of the mixed group were lower than other groups（P<0.05）. Conclusion The incidence of cognitive dysfunction among different subtypes of chronic insomnia was different，the mixed type was more prone to cognitive impairment. The delayed recall ability varied among different types，the mixed type was worse.

OBJECTIVE: To identify tumor microenvironment (TME)- related genes associated with the occurrence of invasive breast cancer as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. METHODS: RNA transcriptome data and clinically relevant data were retrieved from TCGA database, and the StromalScore and ImmuneScore were calculated using the ESTIMATE algorithm. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by taking the intersection. A protein- protein interaction network was established, and univariate COX regression analysis was used to identify the core genes among the DEGs. A core gene was selected for GSEA and CIBERSORT analysis to determine the function of the core gene and the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, respectively. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were performed to verify the expression level of CD40LG in breast cancer cell lines and clinical specimens. RESULTS: A total of 1222 samples (124 normal and 1098 tumor samples) were extracted from TCGA for analysis, from which 487 DEGs were identified. These genes were mainly enriched in immune-related pathways, and crossover analysis identified 11 key genes (CD40LG, ITK, CD5, CD3E, SPN, IL7R, CD48, CCL19, CD2, CD52, and CD2711) associated with breast cancer TME status. CD40LG was selected as the core gene, whose high expression was found to be associated with a longer overall survival of breast cancer patients (P=0.002), and its expression level differed significantly with TNM stage and tumor size (P < 0.05). GSEA and CIBERSORT analyses indicated that CD40LG expression level was associated with immune activity in the TME. Western blotting and qRT-PCR showed that the protein and mRNA expression of CD40LG were significantly lower in breast cancer cells and cancer tissues than in normal breast cells and adjacent tissues. CONCLUSIONS The high expression of CD40LG in TME is positively correlated with the survival of patients with invasive breast cancer, suggesting its value as a potential new biomarker for predicting prognosis of the patients.
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; Breast Neoplasms/genetics* ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Prognosis ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics*

The antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity in vitro of the fermentation broth of 10 endophytic strains isolated from Lycium barbarum were determined to screen high activity endophytic strains. Sequences analysis of ITS and 16S rDNA was used for molecular identification of the strains. The results showed that 5 endophytic fungi had no inhibitory activity against the tested pathogens. Endophytic actinomycete strain AL6 had a certain inhibitory effect on 3 kinds of pathogenic fungi, and strain AL5 only had strong inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. However, the anti-tumor activity of endophytic fungi was significantly higher than that of actinomycetes. Four endophytic fungi strains exhibited the growth inhibition rate of above 50% against at least one of the tested tumor cells when the concentration of fermentation broth was 0.2 g•L⁻¹. Sequences analysis showed that 5 endophytic fungi strains belonged to genus Aspergillus, Penicillium and Emericella, and the 5 endophytic actinomycetes strains belonged to genus Aspergillus, Penicillium and Emericella. Aspergillus strain FL1 had stronger inhibitory activity against A549 and HeLa cells, and the IC₅₀ values were 0.022，0.028 g•L⁻¹, respectively, which was worthy of further study.

BACKGROUNDTo assess the sensitivity and specificity of flow cytometry (FCM) DNA content analysis in diagnosing malignancy as well as premalignancy and to evaluate the diagnostic role of FCM DNA content analysis in fiberoptic bronchoscopic specimens of lung cancer.

METHODSFresh specimens taken by fiberoptic bronchoscope from 41 patients with lung cancer (28 squamous cell carcinoma, 2 bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, 11 small cell lung cancer) and 21 patients with non-malignant pulmonary lesions were measured for DNA index (DI), S-phase fraction (SPF) by using FACSCalibur 4200 flow cytometry. The diagnostic value of this method was compared with fiberoptic bronchoscopic biopsy, brushing and sputum examination.

RESULTS1. DI was 1.18±0.33 and 0.99±0.07 in lung cancer and non-malignant groups respectively. The percentage of heteroploid was 78.04% in lung cancer and 4.8% in non malignant. DI and the positive rate of heteroploid in lung cancer group were significantly higher than that in non-malignant group ( P < 0.01). If the presence of heteroploid was used as a diagnostic criterion, the sensitivity of DNA analysis was 78.04% and the specificity was 95.24%. There was no diagnostic sensitivity difference between FCM DNA content analysis and biopsy (90.26%) ( P > 0.05), as well as brushing (65.85%) ( P > 0.05). 2.Athough DI and the rate of heteroploid increased as the pathological grade and TNM stage advanced, there were no significant differences ( P > 0.05). 3. SPF in lung cancer group was significant higher than that in non-malignant group. The SPF of heteroploid tumors was higher than that of diploid tumors ( P < 0.05); SPF correlated with TNM stage ( P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFCM DNA content analysis has an adjunctive value in diagnosis of lung cancer. The analysis of DNA content and SPF by FCM provides a beneficial method for the evaluation of tumor behavior.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Rhabdomyosarcoma

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Myeloma ; pathology ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

The chemical components of Lycii Fructus were analyzed by liquid chromatography( LC) and mass spectrometry( MS for the establishment of spectrum-activity relationship,on the basis of which its antioxidant active ingredients were determined. In this experiment,Lycii Fructus was extracted with different solvents and then separated into 80 samples by macroporous adsorption resin and reversed-phase chromatography,respectively. The antioxidant components were enriched into 11 samples and their scavenging abilities against DPPH free radical and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power( FRAP) were significantly stronger than those before the treatment( P<0. 05). The spectrum-activity relationship regarding the antioxidant activity in vitro of Lycii Fructus was established by Pearson correlation analysis,orthogonal partial least squares( OPLS) and elastic net regression. Six chromatographic peaks greatly contributing to the antioxidant activity in vitro of Lycii Fructus were identified as rutin( P6),quercetin( P35),scopoletin( P14),N-cis-feruloyl-4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-tyramine or N-( 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-trans-feruloyl)-tyramine( P8), ferulic acid( P13) and1,3,5-dihydroxy-2-isoprenyl-3-xanthone( P23). The active components associated with free radical scavenging were rutin and quercetin both belonging to flavonoids. The reduction of Fe3+was based on phenylpropanoids such as ferulic acid,scopoletin,xanthone and phenolic amides. These results indicated that the antioxidant activity of Lycii Fructus was ascribed to the synergistic action of different products through different ways. Besides,the data analysis model should be chosen carefully for the establishment of spectrum-activity relationship,thus ensuring the reliability of results.
Antioxidants ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Fruit ; Phenols ; Reproducibility of Results

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of the extracts from fresh Lycii Fructus (LBL) on hepatoma HepG2 cell-induced cachexia in mouse.Method: The human hepatoma cell line HepG2 was injected into BALB/C mice to establish the cachexia model.Then the LBL was fed to the models respectively in low dose (5 mg·kg^-1) or high dose (25 mg·kg^-1).After 28 days of continuous feeding,the mice's body weight was detected.The expression levels of creatine kinase (CK),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The muscle degradation and the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) were detected by immunohistochemistry staining.The expression levels of phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were determined by Western blot.Result: Compared with cachexia group,the loss of body weight and muscle decomposition were significantly inhibited both in the low dose LBL group and high dose LBL group (P<0.05,P<0.01).The level of plasma CK decreased significantly both in the low-dose LBL group and the high-dose LBL group (P<0.01).ELISA tests revealed lower expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in both the low-dose LBL group and the high-dose LBL group (P<0.05,P<0.01).Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of p38 MAPK was inhibited both in the low-dose LBL group and the high-dose LBL group (P<0.05).Western blot indicated that the expressions of p-p38 MAPK and NF-κB were inhibited both in the low-dose LBL group and the high-dose LBL group (P<0.01).We found that the high-dose LBL group shows a higher inhibitory capability than the low-dose LBL group.Conclusion: LBL could inhibit the cachexia induced by hepatoma HepG2 cell line in mouse,suggesting LBL could reduce major cytokine and plasma inflammatory factors through p-p38 MAPK pathway.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the outcome of total knee arthroplasty with or without resurfacing of the patella with particular attention to knee score, knee function score and incidence of postoperative anterior knee pain, providing the basis for the choice of surgical procedure.

METHODSCNKI, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Highwire and other databases were searched for the randomized controlled trials relevant to the patellar with or without replacement in total knee replacement arthroplasty between 1998 and 2010, evaluating of the methodological quality of included studies and extracting valid data.

RESULTSThe 80 citations were identified as related to patellar resurfacing during total knee arthroplasty, 13 articles meet all inclusion criteria for this study. The incidence of postoperative anterior knee pain is greater in knees without replaced patellas (RR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.61 - 0.99, P = 0.04). No differences are observed between the 2 groups for knee score and knee function score. Knee score (WMD = -0.49, 95%CI: -1.79 - 0.81, P = 0.46), knee function score (WMD = 1.10, 95%CI: -1.77 - 3.98, P = 0.45).

CONCLUSIONSThe patella replacement can significantly reduce the incidence of postoperative anterior knee pain. There is no difference in the knee score and knee function score between two groups.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; physiopathology ; Pain, Postoperative ; etiology ; Patella ; surgery ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic