Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of two methods for rat overactive bladder(OAB)model construction in?duced by intraperitoneal injection and intravesical instillation cyclophosphamide. Methods A total of 30 female SD rats weighting 200?250 g were randomly categorized into three groups:intraperitoneal injection?induced OAB(Ip?OAB),intravesical instillation?induced group(Iv?OAB)and con?trol group. Ip?OAB rats was i.p. administrated cycbophosphe mide three times in dose of 75 mg/kg body weight,while Iv?OAB rats received intravesi?cal instillation three times in drug dose of 75 mg/kg body weight. Control group rats received no treatment. Maximum bladder capacity(MBC),maxi?mum voiding pressure(MVP),frequency of spontaneous contraction of each group were recorded. The incidence,the mortality and the pathology of the three groups were compared. Results MBC,MVP and frequency of spontaneous contraction between Ip?OAB group and Iv?OAB group had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). Compared with the control group,MBC significantly increased(P<0.05),MVP significantly decreased (P<0.05),and frequency of spontaneous contraction significantly increased(P<0.05)in Ip?OAB and Iv?OAB rats. The modeling success rate and mortality were 100%and 80%in Ip?OAB group,and were 50%and 0%in Iv?OAB group,and pathological changes were found in the two groups. Conclusion The construction of experimental animal model of OAB in rat induced by intraperitoneal injection and intravesical instillation cyclo?phosphamide are both reliable methods. Ip?OAB rats exhibit high incidence and mortality rate,while Iv?OAB rats show low incidence and mortality rate.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of oral loratadine combined with physiological seawater na-sal irrigation in the treatment of intermittent allergic rhinitis. METHODS:Totally 300 patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis were chosen from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University during Jan. 2013-Jun. 2015,and then divided into group A,B,C ac-cording to lottery method,with 100 cases in each group. Group A was given Loratadine tablets 10 mg,po,qd. Group B received nasal irrigation with physiological seawater nasal spray,every morning and evening. Group C was given oral loratadine combined with physiological seawater nasal irrigation. Treatment courses of 3 groups lasted for 28 d. Clinical efficiencies of 3 groups were compared as well as symptom and sign scores,respiration function indexes and inflammatory factor levels before and after treat-ment,and the clinical recurrences were followed up for 12 months. RESULTS:The total response rates of group A,B,C were 80.00%,78.00%,96.00%,respectively,and that of group C was significantly higher than that of group A and B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in symptom and sign scores,respiration function in-dexes and inflammatory factor levels among 3 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,symptom and sign scores,the rates of PEF diur-nal variation,TNF-α,INF-γ and IL-4 in 3 groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the levels of PEF and IL-12 were significantly higher than before treatment. Above indexes of group C were significantly better than those of group A and B, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Clinical recurrence rates of group A,B,C were 21.00%,23.00%,6.00%,and group C was significantly lower than the group A and B,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in above indexes between group A and group B (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Oral loratadine combined with physiological seawater nasal irrigation in treatment of intermittent allergic rhinitis can efficiently relieve the nasal symptoms and signs,improve expiratoryfunction,reduce the inflammatory response levels and be help-ful to reduce the long-term recurrence risk.