Objective:To investigate the changes of plasma moderate molecule substance (MMS)level in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease during open heart surgery. Method: Siteen cases were studied. Blood samples were taken before anesthesia, after tracheal intubtion, after sternotomy. and rewarming during cardiopulmonary bypass, to measure the plasma MMS levels with ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry. Result: As compared with that before anesthesia, the MMS levels after tracheal intubtion,sternotomy,and rewarming during cardiopulmonary bypass were significantly elevated(P

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; Female ; Humans ; Nurses ; Occupational Exposure ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of 128-slice spiral CT angiography( MSCTA)for bypass grafts in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).Methods One hundred and thirty-three bypass grafts (44 IMA grafts,89 saphenous veins grafts) of 46 patients after CABAG operation for 12 to 76 months were examined by MSCTA.Then the coronary angiography(CAG) was performed on those patients 3 - 10 days after MSCTA examination.The MSCTA results were compared with the angiography results.Results Among the 133 bypass grafts,MACTA examination showed that 17 grafts were occluded and 20 grafts were severe restenosis( restenosis degree ＞ 50％ ).There was also 17 occluded grafts showed in CAG examination as in MSCTA results.But 21 restenosis ( restenosis degree ＞ 50％ ) bypass grafts were identified by CAG.Compared with the CAG results,there was 1 false positive and 2 false negative in the MSCTA results.The overall sensitivity and specificity of MSCTA on evaluating the bypass grafts were 94.7％ and 98.9％.The positive predictive value and the negative predictive value were 97.3％ and 97.9％,respectively.Conclusion As a noninvasive examination,128-slice spiral CT could accurately identify and evaluate the bypass grafts lesions after CABG.

Animals ; Benzodiazepines ; pharmacology ; Ducks ; physiology ; Growth Hormone ; blood ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Serum ; metabolism ; Weight Gain ; drug effects

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious chronic disease with high incidence, poor prognosis, and a variety of complications. Indoxyl-sulfate (IS) and p-cresol sulfate (PCS) are two typical gut-derived uremic toxins, which are produced by the co-metabolism of intestinal microbes and the host. With the progression of CKD, gut-derived uremic toxins such as IS and PCS accumulate in patients with CKD and thereafter accelerate the progression of CKD. Gut microbiota is closely related with CKD, and targeting gut microbiota to regulate gut-derived uremic toxins synthesis and metabolic pathways may be a promising strategy to delay the progression of CKD. In this paper, the relationship between gut microbiota, gut-derived uremic toxins, and CKD was analyzed, and the strategy to delay the progression of CKD by targeting gut microbiota and uremic toxins metabolism pathway was proposed.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the application of shear wave elastography (SWE) combined with transition zone biopsy in the detection of prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSA total of 489 patients with suspected PCa underwent transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and SWE-guided prostatic biopsy. We evaluated the role of SWE combined with transition zone biopsy in promoting the detection rate in comparison with the results of biopsy pathology.

RESULTSThe pathological results confirmed 221 malignant and 268 benign cases. Based on systematic biopsy, SWE combined with transition zone biopsy achieved a detection rate of 45. 19% , significantly higher than that of systematic biopsy alone (33.13%) (P < 0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of SWE were significantly better than those of TRUS (P < 0.05). The mean elasticity (Emean) of SWE was remarkably higher for malignant than for benign lesions ([40.1 ± 9.5] vs [21.6 ± 8.3] kPa, P < 0.05). With 28.5 kPa as the threshold of the Emean value, the area under the ROC curve was 0. 899, and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 88.71% and 86.23%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSWE combined with transition zone biopsy could significantly improve the detection rate of prostate cancer.

Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; methods ; Humans ; Image-Guided Biopsy ; methods ; Male ; Prostate ; pathology ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To establish a model of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in the elderly (MODSE) by intraperitoneal injection of different doses of zymosan, and to compare the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in adult and in the elderly rats. Methods Adult and senile rats, injected with different doses of zymosan intraperitoneally were examined for the changes in the function and morphology of the vital organs, including heart, liver, brain, lungs, and kidneys using blood gas and biochemistry analysis and histopathological examination methods. Results Compared with the normal controls of the adult and the elderly rats, the blood gas and blood biochemistry changed in different degrees in the different dosed zymosan groups. Pathological changes were also found in the vital organs including lungs, heart, liver, brain, kidneys, erc in the experimental groups. Under the same concentrations of zymosan, the reductions in respiratory, cardiac and renal functions in the senile groups were much more severe than those in the corresponding adult group. In the similar degree of model duplication, the senile rats had the tendency to die later than the adult rats. Conclusions Zymosan can be used in both elderly and adult rats to induce MODS model, and the best dosage for MODSE was 0.Sg/kg injected peritoneally. The model would hopefully be used in the study of mechanisms and the therapeutics on MODSE.

Objective To evaluate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)-heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) signaling pathway in attenuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALl) by dexmedetomidine in mice.Methods Forty male Kunming mice,aged 2 months,weighing 20-25 g,were equally and randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C),LPS group,low-dose dexmedetomidine + LPS group (group D1),and high-dose dexmedetomidine + LPS group (group D2).Dexmedetomidine 25 and 50 μg/kg were injected intraperitoneally in D1and D2 groups,respectively,and 1 h later LPS 5 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally.At 6 h after LPS injection,the left lung was lavaged,and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for determination of concentrations of protein,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).The right lung was removed for examination of the pathological changes (under the light microscope) and for detection of expression of phosphorylation of p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK),p38MAPK,phosphorylation of MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (p-MAPKAPK-2),MAPKAPK-2,phosphorylation of HSP27 (p-HSP27) and HSP27 in lung tissues.The wet to dry lung weight (W/D) ratio was calculated.The ratios of p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK,p-MAPKAPK-2/MAPKAPK-2 and p-HSP27/HSP27 were calculated.Results Compared with group C,the W/D ratio,concentrations of protein,TNF-α and IL-1β in the BALF,and ratios of p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK,p-MAPKAPK-2/MAPKAPK-2 and p-HSP27/HSP27 were significantly increased in group LPS.Compared with group LPS,the W/D ratio,concentrations of protein,TNF-α and IL-1β in the BALF,and ratios of p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK,p-MAPKAPK-2/MAPKAPK-2 and p-HSP27/ HSP27 were significantly decreased in D1 and D2groups.The pathological changes of the lung were significantly reduced in D1 and D2 groups as compared to LPS group.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine attenuates LPS-induced ALI in mice possibly through inhibiting p38MAPK-HSP27 signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the distribution of high-arsenic drinking water in Honghu city of Hubei province in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of endemic arsenic disease.Methods Investigations were made in 22 townships(towns,districts),68 natural villages of the drainage areas of the Dongjing River,the Neijing River and the Yangtse River in 2006 and 2007,with the townships(towns,districts)around Shahu town in Xiantao city as the focal point.1000 water samples were drawn each year,which was 10% of all the wells in every natural village.Using sampling investigation,water arsenic Was determined by half-quantitative fast reagent kit.All samples of water with arsenic exceeding the standard(≥0.03 mg/L)were re-determined according to state standard.Surveys on the disease was carried out in the villages(brigades)where arsenic exceeded the standard.Results A total of 2000 samples were surveyed from 68 natural villages,of which there were 401 samples from 48 villages exceeding the standard in a rate of 20.05%(401/2000).The highest arsenic content Was 0.71 mg/L.The high arsenic water sources were distributed mainy in the drainage areas of the Dongjing River and the Neijing River,but no patients with endemic arsenic disease were found.Conclusions The high arsenic water sources are distributed mainly in the drainage areas of the Dongjing River and the Neijing River.It is suggested that the interrelated government departments should take precise measures to impmve the quality of drinking water and ensure safe water to the residents in high arsenic areas.