Background Cataract with preexisted dry eye is a common eye disease.It is speculated that preservative-free artificial tears can inhibit inflammatory procedure,prevent postoperative eye infections and reduce dry eye symptoms.However,relevant literature is rare up to now.Objective This study was to evaluate and compare the therapeutic effects between preservative-free or preservative sodium hyaluronate combined with fluorometholone eyedrops for cataract with dry-eye.Methods A randomized controlled single-blind clinical study was performed.Sixty patients with dry-eye syndrome who was going to receive surgery for cataract removal were enrolled in Yuhuangding Hospital from January to December 2015 under the informed consent.The patients were randomly divided into the test group and control group.Preservative-free or preservative 0.1％ sodium hyaluronate combined with 0.1％ fluorometholone eye drops were topically administered in the eyes of the test group and control group,respectively.Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score,breakup time of tearfilm (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (S I t),corneal fluorescein staining,impression cytology,goblet cell density and the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β,tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in tears were evaluated and compared.Results There were significant differences in gender,ages,OSDI scores,BUT,S I t value,corneal fluorescein staining scores,impression cytology findings,and goblet cell density between the two groups (all at P＞0.05).OSDI,corneal fluorescein staining scores and imprint cellular level were evidently reduced,and BUT,S I t values and goblet cell density were significantly increased 1 month and 2 months after operation in comparison with the baseline values in the test group (F =13.058,8.027,3.755,21.652,70.962,92.354,all at P ＜ 0.05).The concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in tears of the test group were significantly lower,and CAT and SOD2 in the tears of the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group 1 month and 2 months after operation (F=18.731,9.070,15.357,351.359,all at P＞0.05).Conclusions 0.1％ preservative-free sodium hyaluronate combined with 0.1％ fluorometholone eyedrops can relieve the symptoms and signs of dry-eyes following cataract surgery by playing antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects.

Neuronal α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are the most widespread subtypes in central nervous system, α4β2 nAChRs mainly exist in procerebrum, parietal lobe cortex, temporal lobe cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglion and cerebellum. Researches on gene knock-out mice have demonstrated that α4β2 receptors participate in the development, aging, neuron survival, pain, and learning and memory, and are also involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid release and dopaminergic function. Studies have disclosed that α4β2 nAChRs relate to the development of variety of neurological diseases, including pain, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Neuronal?_4?_2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors(nAChRs) are the most widespread subtypes in central nervous system.?_4?_2 nAChRs mainly exist in procerebrum,parietal lobe cortex,temporal lobe cortex,hippocampus,basal ganglion and cerebellum.Researches on gene knock-out mice have demonstrated that?_4?_2 receptors participate in the development,aging,neuron survival,pain,and learning and memory,and are also involved in gamma-aminobutyric acid release and dopaminergic function.Studies have disclosed that?_4?_2 nAChRs relate to the development of variety of neurological diseases,including pain,Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.

Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Radiosurgery ; instrumentation ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; drug therapy ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Nitroso Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the risk factors,severity and infarct site features and clinical characteristics of the elderly patients over 80 years with cute cerebral infarction.Methods One hundred and sixty-two patients with acute cerebral infarction in Red Cross Hospital of Guangzhou,The Forth Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Jinan University from January 2012 to May 2015 were enrolled and randomly divided into the elderly patients (≥ 80 years old) and the middle aged patients (＜ 60 years old).The risk factors,national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores and Oxfordshire community stroke project (OCSP) criteria were compared between the two groups.Results Coronary artery disease,atrial fibrillation and NIHSS in the elderly patients (25％ (22/88),13.6％ (12/88),7.74 ± 4.986) were significantly higher than those of the middle aged group (12.2％ (9/47),4.1％ (3/74),5.04± 4.305),and the differences were significant (x2 =4.281,4.393,t =-3.649;P＜ 0.05 or P＜ 0.001).The logistic regression analysis finally showed that smoking,hyperlipemia,NIHSS scores and gender(male) were the independent risk factors(OR=3.851,3.609,1.100 and 2.670;P＜0.05).There were more LACI patients in the elderly group than he middle aged group ((40.9％,36/88) vs.(60.8％,45/74),x2 =6.369,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compare to the middle aged patients,occurrence of the elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction is more severe,and the clinical features and risk factors have its particularity.Secondary prevention strategy should be emphasized on the control of different risk factors based on the patients' age.

Through an introduction to the importance of medical ethics education and the status quo, this paper discusses how to better combine the medical ethics education with medical students′medical practices. It puts for-ward some suggestions from the institutional arrangements, personnel allocation, and publicitymethods. The ulti-mate goal is that the medical students could get more effective, continue and integration medical ethics education in the process of medical practice.

Holmium ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy, Laser ; Shock, Hemorrhagic ; Ureteroscopy

To establish a method for the determination of astilbin, peoniflorin, rasmarinci acid, isofraxidin and liquiritin contained in Shaolin Xiaoyin tablets, in order to lay a foundation for designing late-stage dosage forms and clinical medication schemes. In this paper, efforts were made to establish a method for the determination of the blood concentration of the five components and study the in vivo pharmacokinetics in rats. The blood concentration was determined by HPLC. Phenomenex C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was adopted and eluted with methanol-acetonitrile-0.05% formic acid, the flow rate was 0.8 mL x min(-1), and the wavelength was 275 nm. The samples were processed by the solid phase extraction method. After oral administration of Shaoling Xiaoyin tablets, the rat bloods were collected at different time points to determine the blood concentrations. The experimental results showed that the baseline separation could be adopted for the five components, and astilbin, peoniflorin, rasmarinci acid, isofraxidin and liquiritin showed good linear relations within ranges of 2.48-248, 0.213 6-21.36, 0.531-53.1, 0.704-70.4, 0.253-25.3 mg x L(-1). All the five components could be absorbed in blood and excreted quickly. The method established in this paper is rapid and accurate, and could be used for in vivo analysis on preparations containing similar components. The main components in Shaoling Xiaoyin tablets could be absorbed and excreted quickly, and thus suitable to be made into sustained release tablets. Common preparations are required to be taken for 4-6 times a day.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cinnamates ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Coumarins ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Depsides ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Flavanones ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Flavonols ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore in vivo metabolic changes in abnormal savda patients with different types of tumor.

METHODSA total of 142 abnormal savda patients with common cancer types were enrolled in this study, and 50 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. For each sample, the H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) based metabonomic analysis was performed. The free attenuation signal was computed subsection integral. Data obtained were analyzed by the Orthogonal Partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA).

RESULTSCompared with the control group, leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, alanine, creatine, lactic acid, inositol, alpha-and beta-glucose, unsaturated lipids, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) significantly decreased (P <0.05), while glycoprotein and carnitine significantly increased (P <0. 05) in the abnormal Savda group.

CONCLUSIONAbnormal savda patients with different types of tumor had similar metabonomics changes.

Discriminant Analysis ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Lipids ; blood ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Metabolome ; physiology ; Metabolomics ; Neoplasms ; metabolism