Objective:To study the relationship between expression of p53,nm23 and invasion and metastasis in human colorectal carcinoma,and the correlation between expression of p53 and nm23.Methods:Expression of p53 and nm23 were studied with SABC immunohistochemical technique Results:The positive rate of p53 and nm23 in 41 samples of human colorectal carcinoma was 58 5% and 53 7% respectively p53 over expression and nm23 low expression was significantly correlated with the depth of invasion and lymphatic metastasis The expression of p53 in pooly differentiated carcinoma was obviously higher than that in well differentiated carcinoma(P0 05) p53 over expression was correlated with nm23 low expression Conclusion:Over expression of p53 and low expression of nm23 might play an important role in invasion and metastasis of human colorectal carcinoma p53 over expression was related to the differentiation of colorectal carcinoma tissue

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to investigate and compare the toxic effects of four types of metal oxide (ZnO, TiO(2), SiO(2,) and Al(2)O(3)) nanoparticles with similar primary size (∼20 nm) on human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL1) in vitro.

METHODSThe HFL1 cells were exposed to the nanoparticles, and toxic effects were analyzed by using MTT assay, cellular morphology observation and Hoechst 33 258 staining.

RESULTSThe results show that the four types of metal oxide nanoparticles lead to cellular mitochondrial dysfunction, morphological modifications and apoptosis at the concentration range of 0.25-1.50 mg/mL and the toxic effects are obviously displayed in dose-dependent manner. ZnO is the most toxic nanomaterials followed by TiO(2), SiO(2), and Al(2)O(3) nanoparticles in a descending order.

CONCLUSIONThe results highlight the differential cytotoxicity associated with exposure to ZnO, TiO(2), SiO(2), and Al(2)O(3) nanoparticles, and suggest an extreme attention to safety utilization of these nanomaterials.

Aluminum Oxide ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line ; Cell Shape ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung ; drug effects ; embryology ; pathology ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Microscopy, Phase-Contrast ; Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Surface Properties ; Titanium ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Zinc Oxide ; toxicity

Objective Colorectal polyp is a precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer .Aim of the study was to explore the risk fac-tors of colorectal polyp malignant transformation .Methods The related information of 75 084 colonoscopies performed from 2003 to 2012 in Southwest Hospital in Chongqing were collected and the relationship between polyp malignant transformation and the pa-tient age ,sex ,polyp location ,size or histological types was analyzed .Results From 2003 to 2012 ,polyps were diagnosed in 14 806 cases of the total 75 084 patients with a 19 .72% detection rate .There were significant difference of the left-side and right-side pol-yp detection rate in different age groups ,and the frequency of polyps distributed in the whole colorectum increased with the increase of age .The rates of epithelial neoplasia and malignant transformation increased with age .At the same time ,malignant transforma-tion rate was significant higher in polyps located in left-side than that in right-side (P<0 .0167) ,in adenoma than that in inflamma-tory hyperplastic polyp (P<0 .01) .The larger diameter and the more villus ,the higher rate of malignant transformation .Conclusion Patient age ,polyp size ,location and histological type could be considered as the significant predictors of colorectal polyp malignant transformation .It may be useful to treat the polyp with endoscopy in patient with age more than 45 and adenoma whose diameter was not less than 1 cm ,located in left-side for prevention of colorectal cancer .

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1) gene nonsynonymous cSNP and the genetic susceptibility of esophageal cancer.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and Allele-Specific PCR (AS-PCR) were employed to assess the polymorphism of NQO1 genes both in 106 patients with esophageal cancer and control subjects matched by age, gender and origin.

RESULTSIt was shown that no C/C genotype was found at 406 of NQO1. The allelic frequency of NQO1 609T was significantly higher in patients with esophageal cancer than in the control subjects (P < 0.005) and the individuals with 609T allelic genotype of NQO1 gene were at greater risk to develop esophageal cancer (OR = 4.76, 95% CI = 1.064 - 3.397). But Individuals with mutant allele of NQO1 465 genotype did not show the rising risk of esophageal cancer.

CONCLUSIONSThe NQO1 C609T polymorphisms should likely be associated with the genetic susceptibility of esophageal cancer.

Alleles ; China ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; ethnology ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Gardeniae Fructus contains volatile ingredients, however, the species and proportions in different processed products of Gardeniae Fructus are different. In this experiment, volatile ingredients were separated by steam distillation with content of 1.2, 1.0, 0.9, 0.7 µL · g(-1) in Gardeniae Fructus, fried Gardeniae Fructus, stir-baked Gardeniae Fructus, Gardeniae Fructus fried into carbon respectively. One hundred and twenty-four kinds of volatile components were identified by GC-MS. Fifty-three kinds of volatile ingredients consisted in Gardeniae Fructus accounting for 93.85%, 54 kinds in fried Cardeniae Fructus accounting for 92.01%, 32 kinds in stir-baked Cardeniae Fructus accounting for 91.59% and 43 kinds in Gardeniae Fructus fried into carbon accounting for 90.81%. In this paper, analysis of Gardeniae Fructus by GC-MS provides a scientific basis for elucidating the mechanism of different processed products.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the characteristics and the frequencies of B cell subsets in peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients,and to study the correlation between B cell subsets and clinical indices and influence of different therapies on B cell subsets to deeply understand the pathogenesis of RA.Methods Peripheral blood witched memory B cells,non-switched memory B cells,naive B cells,and double negative B cells of 141 patients and 33 healthy controls were measured by flow cytometry.Patients were divided into three groups based on their therapeutic regimen,including tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α) inhibitors combined with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs),DMARDs only and patients without any therapy.The relevance between B cells subsets and clinical manifestations,lab test results exemption were assessed as well as the influence of different therapies.All data were were analyzed by Statistical product and service solutions (SPSS) 23.0 statistical analysis for unpaired t test,analysis of variance and Spearman's correlations analysis.Results ① New-onset RA patients with less than 12 weeks disease duration and never accepted any drugs had a significantly lower frequency of peripheral blood memory B cells,including non-switched memory B cells [(8 ±4)％ vs (13 ±4)％,P＜0.05,t =3.3)] and switched memory B cells [(18±10)％ vs (23±7)％,P＜0.05,t=2.2)],than healthy individuals.② There was a negative association between non-switched memory B cells and disease activity score in 28 joints (r=-0.23,P＜0.05).③ Negative association between non-switched memory B cells and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),lgG was found,while therewas no association between pre-switched B cells and other laboratory test results.④ Non-switched memory B cells and switched memory B cells increased after TNF-α arntagonist or DMARDs therapy.Conclusion The results of this study suggest that B cell abnormalities in new-onset RA patients with short disease duration are reduced non-switched memory B cells and switched memory B cells.A negative correlation has been found between non-switched memory B cells and ESR and lgG.B cells subsets frequency are changed by TNF-α antagonist and DMARDs,which suggests that changes of B cell subsets may contribute to the occurrence and development of RA.

Lysins are murein hydrolases produced by bacteriophage that act on the cell wall of host bacteria to release progeny phages. Research indicated that lysins could kill bacteria effectively and specifically in vitro. To prepare recombinant bacteriophage lysin of Streptococcus (PlyC) and analyze its biological activity, we obtained two genes of PlyC named PlyCA and PlyCB by PCR amplification and inserted them into pET-32a(+), then transformed the recombinant expression vectors pET-32a(+)-PlyCA and pET-32a(+)-PlyCB into E. coli BL21(DE3) respectively. After induction with 0.7 mmol/L IPTG at 30 degrees C for 7 h, PlyCA and PlyCB were successfully expressed, SDS-PAGE analysis determined that they all constituted above 30% of the total cell proteins. After Ni(2+)-NTA affinity chromatography, the purity was more than 95%. With the denaturation and protein refolding, we gained the recombinant PlyC. To determine its biological activity, we adopted turbidimetry and plate count method. Before and after lysin treatment, the cell morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the recombinant PlyC could specifically cleavage Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci). Under the incubation time of 60 min with 4 microg/mL PlyC in Streptococcus pyogenes dilution which OD600 was 0.56, the germicidal effect was up to 99.6%, while SEM observations showed that cell wall cracked and presented cell debris. This finding laid the foundation for the further study and achieving an effective treatment for streptococcal infection.
Bacteriolysis ; Enzymes ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Streptococcus pyogenes ; drug effects

Objective To elucidate the association of genetic polymorphisms of key molecules in JAK/STAT signaling pathway with susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods A total of 367 HCC patients and 367 healthy controls were recruited in this sex- and age-matched case-control study.Genetic polymorphisms of IL-6 (rs1800796,-572C＞G),STAT3 (rs744166,+ 26312T＞C; rs3816769,+ 42240T＞C; rs6503695,+ 40980T＞C),EGFR (rs11543848,+ 142530A＞G),and mTOR (rs7211818,+ 170278A＞G; rs9674559,+ 196983A＞G; rs11653499,+65678G＞A) were genotyped using a mass spectrometry method.Odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (CI) were calculated.Results Genotype frequency of the 8 polymorphisms of IL-6,STAT3,EGFR,and mTOR were not significantly different between the patients with HCC and the controls.When stratified by sex,the female subjects who carried STAT3 +26312CC,+ 42240CC,or + 40980CC had a decreased risk of HCC when compared to those who carried TT allele (OR=0.192,95％CI:0.047-0.784; OR=0.180,95％CI:0.045-0.725;OR=0.198,95％ CI:0.049-0.806,respectively).When compared with AA genotype on the site of EGFR + 142530,the (AG+ GG) genotype reduced the risk of HCC in women (OR=0.422,95％CI:0.179-0.994).Conclusion The polymorphisms of IL-6 (rs1800796) and mTOR (rs7211818,rs9674559,and rs11653499) were not associated with the HCC susceptibility.Those carrying CC allele in three loci (rs744166,rs3816769,and rs6503695) of STAT3 and (AG + GG) in rs11543848 of EGFR had a decreased risk of HCC in women.However,these results need to be validated using larger sample size.

Objective To explore the regulatory effects of HTLV-1 ( human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 ) Tax protein on the expression of HMGB 1 ( high mobility group box 1 ) gene in T cells .Methods Total RNA and protein were extracted from Tax +-T cells ( TaxP ) , Tax--T cells ( TaxN ) and Jurkat cells which were stably transfected with pCMV-Tax and pCMV-Neo, respectively.Then, the expression levels of HMGB1 mRNA and protein in different CD 4+T cells were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot (WB).By using liposome-mediated method, pGL3-HMGB1-luc reporter genes and pGL3-neo-luc were tran-siently transfected into TaxP and TaxN cells and the basal transcriptional activity was observed in different T cells.Additionally, pCMV-Tax and pGL3-HMGB1-luc reporter genes were also co-transfected into Jurkat cells and the regulatory effects of Tax protein on HMGB 1 gene was detected .The chromatin immunoprecipi-tation (ChIP) assay was used to identify HMGB1 genomic sites directly targeted by Tax .Results The ex-pression levels of HMGB1 mRNA and protein in Tax+-T cells ( TaxP) were higher than those in Tax--T cells (TaxN).The transcription regulation trends for HMGB1 gene in TaxN and TaxP cells were similar but not identical in diverse T cells.pHLuc3 (containing -504-+83 HMGB1) showed the highest transcriptional ac-tivity of HMGB1 gene in both TaxP and TaxN cells , but HMGB1 transcriptional activity of pHLuc 6 in TaxP cells was significantly stronger than that in TaxN cells .Luciferase assays also showed that Tax protein promo-ted the transcription of HMGB1 gene in a dose-dependent manner .The ChIP assay further confirmed that Tax protein enriched at the HMGB1 region of -1163--1043.Conclusion The region of nt -504--383 is essen-tial for the basal promoter activity of -1163-+83 HMGB1 gene originated from pHLuc 6 reporter plasmid , and Tax protein enriched probably at the HMGB 1 site of -1163--1043 enhances HMGB1 transcription.

OBJECTIVETo estimate the number of drug users in Hongjiang, Hunan and to develop strategy for drug reduction in the future.

METHODSTwo capture-recapture methods were used to estimate the numbers of drug addicts. Random stratified sampling survey was used to verify the optimum allocation. The first capture-recapture method (CR1) referred to the number from optimum allocation random stratified sampling survey conducted in the communities and the number from local Public Security Bureau list being the second capture. The second capture-recapture method (CR2) referred to the collection of records in the detoxification unit with an interval of 4 months. The estimated number was calculated under Seber's adjustment formula. Face to face interview was carried out during the optimum allocation random stratified sampling survey process.

RESULTSOf 1388 interviewed in the communities, 24 (1.73%) were identified as drug addicts under the optimum allocation random stratified sampling survey. When the figure 1.73% was applied to the total population (72,709) in Hongjiang, the result yielded an estimation of 1258 drug addicts. The estimated numbers of CR1 and CR2 were 904 and 1069 respectively. However, the number was 1.3 to 1.6 fold higher than the reported number (687) by local Public Security Bureau.

CONCLUSIONThe capture-recapture method seemed a better method in estimating the number of drug addicts.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Needle Sharing ; Population Surveillance ; methods ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; epidemiology