Accessory navicular source flatfoot is one of the foot deformity of clinical common disease,its treatment method is more controversial, differences in clinical efficacy of different surgical methods, according to accessory navicular source flatfoot symptoms of surgical treatment,there is no uniform standard, around a pair of accessory navicular excision how to reconstruct the arch produced a series of operation methods, the clinical curative effect of different operative methods produce also different, how to develop the operation strategy, choose operation method, and after acessory navicular excision whether to rebuild posterior tibial tendon, how to rebuild, the problems such as how to rebuild is the research hotspot and difficulty, looking forward to further research.
Flatfoot ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Foot Diseases ; surgery ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Tarsal Bones ; abnormalities ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate appropriate ways for screw placement of pedicle of vertebral arch in the horizontal plane.

METHODSFifteen preserved thoracolumbar spine specimens (T(11)-L(5)) were used and divided into three groups at random. Firstly four anatomic parameters indicating screw positions in the horizontal plane were measured. Secondly the methods of Roy-camille, Magerl, and authors' segmental differences were used to place successively the screws of the pedicles with 5 mm, 6 mm, and 7 mm in diameter. Coincidences between the drilling point, drilling direction and pedicle axis, and ruptures of the pedicle as well as the length of the screw in the vertebral body were observed.

RESULTSFour anatomic parameters at various segments showed significant differences (P<0.05). The drilling point by the Roy-camille's method deviated medial to pedicle axis in most segments, and its drilling direction did not coincide well with most E-angles of the pedicles. The drilling point by Magerl's method coincided relatively well with pedicle axis in lumbar vertebrae, but there were still some differences between its drilling direction and E-angles of the pedicles. The method of segmental differences coincided the best with the pedicle axis. The lengths of screw in the vertebra were relatively long by both Magerl and segmental difference methods. When 5 mm diametral screw was used by the three methods, the rupture rate was very low. When 6 mm and 7 mm diametral screws were placed, the rupture rate was accordingly increased. Of the three methods, Roy-camille's method showed a relatively high rupture rate, while the method of segmental differences a comparatively low rupture rate. Various degrees of rupture of the pedicle of vertebral arch were found at the juncture of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae when 6 mm or 7 mm diametral screws was used by any screw placement method. In contrast, the rupture was seldom seen at the lower lumbar vertebrae when 7 mm diametral screws were used.

CONCLUSIONSThe segmental difference method is proved to have the anatomic safety and screw biomechanical stability. It is appropriate to choose different diametral screws, different drilling points and directions according to different segments of the vertebra.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Spinal Injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the changes of liver function during the course of serious acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and to explore its possible influence factors.

METHODSThere were 91 patients with common SARS, and 23 patients with severe SARS, and 61 common pneumonia patients served as the controls. The liver functions of all the patients were measured.

RESULTSThe rate of anomaly liver function in the common SARS patients group was 68.1%, which was higher than that in the common pneumonia patients group (24.6%), chi2=27.7, P<0.01. The changes mainly existed in the mild to moderate elevation of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. The severe SARS patients were older and the changing rate of liver function was as high as 95.7%.

CONCLUSIONSThe damage possibility of liver function in SARS patients is higher than that in common pneumonia patients. The damage is light and related to SARS itself. The damage of liver function in the severe SARS patients may have close relationship with age.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonia ; physiopathology ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; physiopathology

Objective To understand the related factors of rabies epidemic and provide the basic data for rabies control and prevention in China by statistic and retrospective analysis of rabies surveillance data in 2010.Methods We used descriptive epidemiology method and statistic analysis to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in 2010 of China.Results 2048 rabies cases were rabies cases were reported in 817 counties (districts) in 2010,which dropped 7.46％ compares to 2009.The incidences in children and elder people were high; farmers are main occupation of the cases,the male to female ratio of the cases was 2.44:1.Children and older people are higher acquired rabies than other age population.640 cases reported through national rabies sentinel surveillance system,87.50％ cases were caused by exposed to dogs,bite was the main exposure reason.The situation of deposing wounds was poor,and the use of vaccine was still low in individual cases,but in the rabies clinic cases under surveillance,the vaccine usage can reach 98％,the usage of immunoglobulin (RIG) or anti-serum for category Ⅲ exposure in either group cases was not high.Conclusion The epidemic of the rabies in 2010 was eased,Out-patient post-exposure prophylaxis was in good station,but there are still lots of problem existed: post-exposure prophylaxis of individual case was not desirable yet.

To study the effects of glycosylation on survival of cold-storage human platelets by using rabbit model. (51)Cr-labeling platelets were used to detect the platelet storage survival. The human platelets (2.0 x 10(12)/L) treated with 5 g/L uridine diphosphate galactose (UDP-Gal) were stored in 4 degrees C refrigeratory up to 10 days. The survival of human platelets in rabbits whose reticuloendothelial system was inhibited by the administration of ethyl palmitate was monitored in blood drawn at various times after the platelet transfusion. The results showed that the survival rate of platelets was significantly increased in cold-storage human platelets by UDP-Gal treatment. The survival rates of platelets at 2 hours after transfusion into rabbits in groups of fresh platelets group, UDP-Gal + cold platelets group and cold platelets group were (68.9 +/- 8.5)%, (65.4 +/- 8.0)% and (5.0 +/- 2.6)%, respectively. Compared with cold platelets group, significant differences were seen among all groups (P < 0.01). UDP-Gal + cold platelets group had no significant differences compared with fresh platelets group (P > 0.05). It is concluded that UDG-Gal can provide the protective effect on cold-storage human platelets and prolong the survival time of refrigerated human platelets in rabbit model.
Animals ; Blood Platelets ; cytology ; metabolism ; Blood Preservation ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Glycosylation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Platelet Transfusion ; Rabbits ; Uridine Diphosphate Galactose ; pharmacology

This paper summarized the Chinese literatures in the previous 5 years about the pre-clinical animal researches on the application of electro-acupuncture (EA) treatment for depression, searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The efficiency of EA treatment for depression and the mechanism of it were discussed, to shed light on new ideas and new fronts for the further research on depression in clinical or pre-clinical fields.

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of the number and position of anchor nails on the Bankart repair by the finite element analysis. METHODS: The 3D CT data of shoulder joints including normal adult volunteers were imported into Mimics 10.0 and Geomagic 2012 software to reconstruct the related tissues, and then meshed in Hypermesh 13.0 software to give material attributes. The position and number of MPC constraints were adjusted in Abaqus 6.14 to establish finite element model of shoulder joint under 6 working conditions including A model(normal control model), B model (Bankart damage control model), C model (1 anchor), D model (2 anchors), E model (3 anchors), F model (4 anchors). The humerus external rotation and forward load were added to simulate the fear test of the shoulder joint forward instability. RESULTS: (1)Normally, the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex accompanied by the external rotation of the humerus head has a wrinkle and a significant stress concentration around its anterior and posterior bundle terminations.(2)The stress of the anterior bundle and posterior bundle of the inferior glenohumeral ligament were increased by 52.33% and 45.67% respectively after Bankart's injury.(3)In each model of anchor repair, the stress concentration was obvious at the anchor site, and the stress of anterior and posterior bundle ligaments could be reduced; there were no obvious differences between C, D models and B model(>0.05), and there were significant differences between E, F models and B model(<0.05). CONCLUSIONS One or two anchors can reduce the stress of the anterior and posterior bundles of the inferior glenohumeral ligament in the repair of Bankart's injury, but when the angle of rotation is large, the stress concentration in the anchor position increases significantly, leading to the increases of the risk of failure. The application of three or four anchors can enhance the constraints on the inferior glenohumeral ligament and reduce the stress of the anchor itself through the "load sharing" effect between anchors, so as to ensure the stability of the shoulder joint and provide a mechanical environment for the early rehabilitation of patients.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cadaver ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Joint Instability ; Shoulder Dislocation ; Shoulder Joint

Objective To investigate the effect of p53 protein on the nerve function of rats with acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by electro-acupuncture pretreatment. Methods A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group(n=24),model group(n=24) and electroacupuncture pretreatment group(n=24).Each group was equally divided into two hours and 72 hours subgroups. The neurological behavior was assessed with modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS). HE staining and TUNEL assay were used to observe the injury and cell apoptosis in ischemic brain,and Western blot-ting was used to detect the expression of p-p53(ser392),p53 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)II in ischemic area. Results Compared with the model group,the mNSS scores,the injury of brain tissue,the number of TUNEL-positive cells, and the level of p-p53 and LC3II decreased (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture pretreatment group.Two hours after reperfusion,there was no significant difference in the level of p53 between the model group and the electroacupuncture pretreatment group(P>0.05),however,72 hours after reperfusion,the level of p53 decreased in the electroacupuncture pretreatment group(P<0.05). Conclusion Electroacupuncture pretreatment can improve neurological deficit in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats,which may be related to the involvement of p53 protein in autophagy and apoptosis.

Objective: To observe morphological changes of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the early stage of mice renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods: Renal interstitial fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO) in mice. Histological and immunohistochemical methods were used to analyze pathological changes and α-SMA expression in renal tissue.Argentum hexamethylenamine staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe changes of the renal tubule basement membrane. Gelatin zymographic analysis was used to observe the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 in renal tissue.Results:The mice suffered from renal interstitial fibrosis were identified by histological analysis and α-SMA positive cells in renal tissue. Argentum hexamethylenamine staining and transmission electron-microscopy showed that the renal tubule basement membrane disrupted locally and renal tubule epithelial cells invaded into the renal interstitium in the early stage of renal interstitial fibrosis. Gelatin zymographic analysis showed that the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 was increased transitorily in the early stage of renal interstitial fibrosis. Conclusion: Renal tubule basement membrane disruption, renal tubule epithelial cells invasion into the renal interstitium, and the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 are involved in the development of renal interstitial fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the position and shape of inserted electrode arrays by plain X-ray during cochlear implantation. METHOD: Cochlear view of implanted electrode arrays by plain X-ray were observed during operation in 54 patients received cochlear implant. RESULT: The image in cochlear view could provide the information about position and shape of inserted electrode arrays. The spiral-shape electrode arrays without distortion and folding were found in 52 cases. The complete insertion of intracochlear electrode in these patients were confirmed by surgery. Of 54 cases, the other 2 cases showed improper position and C-shape of intracochlear electrodes, one was partial insertion and the other was bending inside the cochlea. The bending electrode array was reinserted immediately during operation. CONCLUSION Routine plain X-ray after inserted electrode during operation was a best way of knowing the shape and depth of the electrode array, especial for the difficult cochlear implantation, and also could avoided anesthetization again.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cochlea ; diagnostic imaging ; Cochlear Implantation ; methods ; Cochlear Implants ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Radiography ; X-Rays ; Young Adult