BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in human tissues.Presently,cell source is single;culture method has great differences;obtained results are not consistent.Thus,it cannot verfy that isolated and cultured cells are identical calls,which is difficult to compare.OBJECTIVE:To compare the biological features of MSCs derived form bone marrow (BM),perpheral blood (PB) and cord blood (CB) under in vitro culture conditions.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The cytological in vitro controlled study was performed at the Department of Hematology,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA from June 2007 to December 2008.MATERIALS:A total of 10 donors of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation at the Department of Hematology,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA were selected.MB and PB cells were obtained from the same donor,and cell volumes were respectively 20 mL and 2 mL.CB cells (30 mL) were obtained from healthy primipara at the Department of Obstetrics,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA.METHODS:MSCs were obtained from BM,PB and CB by Percoll density gradient + adherence method,and then incubated in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.When 80%-90% confluency,cells were digested in trypsin-EDTA and made into 5×10~8/L cell suspension as P_0.Above-described operation was performed as P_1,and the rest may be deduced by analogy as P_2-P_5.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The following parameters were measured:cell growth morphology;results of Wright-Giemsa staining;results of cytochemistry;cell proliferation amount;cell surface markers using flow cytometry.RESULTS:Time of adherence,time to 50% confluency and time to 80% confluency of BMSCs were earlier comarped with the PBMSCs and UCMSCs.Adherent cells from BM grew in whirpool-like type,while CB and PB did not at 5-7 days.Majority of aderent cells from BM were fibroblast-like cells,and small parts were endothelioid cells.Aderent cells from PB and CB at the fifth generation contained more endothelioid cells and mononuclear and macrophage-like cells besides fibroblast-like cells.PAS stain,Sudan black B stein,alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining of adherent cells from BM,PB and CB were negative from P_1 to P_5.Compared with P0 cells,number of BMMSCs till P5 was significantly more in PBMSCs and UCMSCs (P ＜ 0.05).Positive rates of CD29,CD44,CD90,CD71,CD105,CD166 and HLA-ABC were 55.9% 92.8% at P0 to P5,but ≤6% following BMMSCs were incubated;19.7%-33.4% at P0 to P5,but ≤10% following PBMSCs were incubated;35.4%-93.2% at P_0 to P_5,but ≤20% following CBMSCs were incubated.Positive rates of CD34,CD45 and HLA-DR were low in BM-,PB-and CB-MSCs.Positive rates of CD14 and CD31 were low in BMMSCs;12.1%-28.3% in PBMSCs,and 8.1%-21.3% in CBMSCs.CONCLUSION:MSCs can be attained from BM,PB and CB.Quantities of MSCs form BM are the highest,with single component,followed by CBMSCs and PBMSCs,with multiple components.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relation between sinus-straddling hematoma (SSH) and venous sinus injury and explore the approaches for surgical management.

METHODSThirty-six cases of stride sinus hematoma were reviewed to observe the incidence rate of sinus injury complicated with (SSH) and explore its surgical management.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of venous sinus injury following (SSH) was 80.56% (29/36), and appropriate surgical management yielded good therapeutic effect in these patients.

CONCLUSIONIntracranial stride sinus hematoma is often accompanied by venous sinus injury, and adequate preoperative risk evaluation may improve the success rate of the operation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Injuries ; complications ; China ; epidemiology ; Cranial Sinuses ; injuries ; Female ; Hematoma ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the impacts of laparoscopic bariatric surgery on fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Ghrelin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the mechanism in surgical treatment of T2DM.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to August 2011, 44 patients with T2DM underwent laparoscopic bariatric, including laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB, n = 14), laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass (LMGB, n = 11), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG, n = 9) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB, n = 10). The curative effects, changes of metabolism and gastrointestinal hormones were analyzed respectively.

RESULTSWithin 6 months after surgery, the clinical complete remission of T2DM was 11, 8, 6, 3 cases in LRYGB, LMGB, LSG, LAGB group respectively; the clinical partial remission was 3, 3, 2, 4 cases respectively. The inefficacy was 1, 3 patients in LSG and LAGB group respectively. The effects of surgery within 6 months postoperative among 4 groups were different (χ(2) = 8.162, P < 0.05). The levels of body mass index (F = 275.29) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (F = 40.09) of 4 groups were declined in 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.01). The extents of decrease were no significance among 4 groups. Compared to preoperative level, GLP-1 in LRYGB ((116 ± 33) vs. (66 ± 20) ng/L and LMGB group ((103 ± 22) vs. (65 ± 16) ng/L) was higher in the first month after surgery (F = 21.76 and 139.21, P < 0.05). The changes in LSG and LAGB group were no significance (P > 0.05). The level of Ghrelin in LRYGB, LMGB, LSG group at the first week after surgery were (208 ± 79), (275 ± 102) and (258 ± 91) ng/L respectively, and they were lower than preoperative (there were (398 ± 114), (439 ± 96) and (446 ± 105) ng/L, F = 55.08, 49.96 and 46.47, all P < 0.01). But the level of Ghrelin in LRYGB and LMGB groups rebounded in the first postoperative month. The postoperative level of Ghrelin was higher in LAGB group (F = 29.24, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThere are difference efficacies and impacts on gastrointestinal hormones among different modes of bariatric surgery. The change of gastrointestinal hormones is plausible mechanism of T2DM remission after surgery.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; surgery ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; methods ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Ghrelin ; metabolism ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity, Morbid ; surgery ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on apoptosis of human leukemia K562 cells and possible mechanisms.

METHODSThe morphologic changes of leukemia K562 cells after DADS treatment were observed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Cell apoptosis rates after different concentrations and different durations of DADS treatment were determined by flow cytometry. Fas, FasL and caspase-8 mRNA expression was estimated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 48 hrs after DADS treatment.

RESULTSThe characteristics of apoptosis in K562 cells induced by DADS were observed. After 24 hrs of DADS treatment, the apoptosis rate of K562 cells increased from (11.60 ± 0.83)% at the concentration of 10 mg/L to (37.94 ± 0.87)% at the concentration of 40 mg/L. The apoptosis rate of K562 cells increased after 40 mg/L DADS with the increasing time from (37.94 ± 0.87)% (24 hrs) to (47.02 ± 0.66)% (72 hrs). Expression of Fas and caspase-8 mRNA increased, while FasL mRNA expression decreased significantly 48 hrs after DADS treatment compared with the control group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSDADS can induce apoptosis of human leukemia K562 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, possibly through increasing Fas and caspase-8 expression and decreasing FasL expression.

Allyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Bisbenzimidazole ; Caspase 8 ; genetics ; Disulfides ; pharmacology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; fas Receptor ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the intakes of total dietary fiber (TDF), soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes so as to provide the base for making the adequate intakes of dietary fiber.

METHODSThe enzymatic-gravimetric methods for dietary fiber were established on basis of a collaborative study. Dietary intake was measured by means of 3-day food records through weighting and using food pictures. TDF, SDF and IDF were analyzed by enzymatic-gravimetric methods.

RESULTSThe reproducibility relative standard deviations for DF ranged from 2.63% to 9.67%. Vegetable foods were the mainly sources of DF. The total dietary intakes, insoluble and soluble fibers were 26.5 +/- 9.8, 14.6 +/- 5.8, 10.4 +/- 4.4 (g/d) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe dietary fiber intake of the diabetes remains in the range of intakes recommended by American Diabetes Association.

Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; physiopathology ; Diet Records ; Dietary Fiber ; administration & dosage ; analysis ; Feeding Behavior ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

It has been demonstrated that neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is critical for the induction and maintenance of long term potentiation (LTP) in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus. In the present study, we investigated the changes in NCAM mRNA expression and NCAM protein level after the induction of LTP in vitro using the techniques of in situ hybridization and Western blot. The results showed that the number of NCAM mRNA positive labelled neurons significantly increased (76.6+/-11.5 neurons) 10 min after tetanus when the slope of fEPSP markedly increased. The level of NCAM protein also increased significantly (7.190+/-0.64 arbitrary unit/50 microg protein) 10 min after tetanus. The number of NCAM mRNA positive labelled neurons no longer changed (73.3+/-14.0) 1 h after tetanus, however, the NCAM protein level (9.031+/-0.71) at 1 h after tetanus was higher than that at 10 min after tetanus. Moreover, the NMDA receptor inhibitor AP-5, which blocked LTP, prevented the increase in NCAM mRNA expression and NCAM protein level. The results demonstrate that NCAM mRNA expression maintains a high level, whereas NCAM protein changes from a low level to a high level during induction and maintenance of LTP.
Animals ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; physiology ; Long-Term Potentiation ; physiology ; Male ; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Seven compounds were isolated from the leaves of Panax japonicus var. major by chromatographic methods including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by their physical and chemical properties and spectral data analysis as 5, 7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyl flavone (1), ginsenoside Rs2 (2), quinquenoside R1 (3), ginsenoside Rs1 (4), notoginsenoside Fe (5), ginsenoside Rd2 (6) and gypenosiden IX (7). Among them, compound 1 was obtained from the Panax genus for the first time, and compounds 2-7 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Flavones ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Ginsenosides ; analysis ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

We report a facile and effective method for radioiodine-labeled radiopharmaceuticals via copper (I)-catalyzed click chemistry route. In the novel radioiodination method, 5-iodo ((125/131)I)-1, 2, 3-triazoles were synthesized after a 24-h click reaction in organic solvent with a radiochemical yield of 13%. However, in the aqueous phase, the radiochemical yield of the conjugation radioiodine to RGD via click chemistry was 0. This suggested an exchange between hydrogen ion and iodine ion in aqueous phase so that no enough radioiodine was left to conjugate with RGD. We propose different mechanisms of Cu (I)-catalyzed cycloaddition of organic azides and 1-iodo-alkynes in organic phase and aqueous phase.
Click Chemistry ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; chemical synthesis ; Triazoles ; chemical synthesis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the outcomes after 2 methods of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

METHODSFrom December 2009 to June 2011, 21 patients with T2DM underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery, including laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB, n=11), and laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass (LMGB, n=10). Clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe clinical complete remission rate of T2DM was 64%(7/11) in LRYGB group, and 60%(6/10) in LMGB group. The clinical partial remission rate of T2DM was 36%(4/11) in LRYGB group, and 40%(4/10) in the LMGB group. There was no significant difference between the two groups(both P>0.05). The levels of BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR and HbA1c within the postoperative 6 months were improved in each group (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups(all P>0.05). There were no conversion or perioperative deaths in both groups. Compared to LMGB, the LRYGB group had longer operative time[(147.0±35.9) min vs. (110.5±39.7) min, P=0.038] and postoperative hospital stay [(8.9±2.3) d vs. (7.1±1.4) d, P=0.046). One patient suffered from ileus in LRYGB group, one patient suffered from reflux esophagitis and one suffered chronic diarrhea in LMGB group. The incidence of postoperative complication was similar between the two groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONLRYGB and LMGB may result in satisfactory and safe effects for the treatment of T2DM, while the LMGB is simpler and associates with quicker recovery.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on the apoptosis of K562 cells and to explore the mechanism of K562 apoptosis induced by DADS. The K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of DADS for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The concentrations of DADS were as follows: 0 (control group), 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/L. The morphologic changes of leukemia K562 cells treated with DADS were observed by Hoechst33 258 staining. The apoptosis of K562 cells treated with different concentrations of DADS for 24, 48 and 72 hours was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression changes of Fas and FasL were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) after K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of DADS for 48 hours. The results indicated that the characteristics of apoptosis in K562 cells induced by DADS were as follows: reduction of nucleus, chromatin condensation and nuclear membrane rupture. The flow cytometry with PI straining showed that after 24 hours of DADS treatment the apoptosis rate of K562 cells increased from 11.60 ± 0.83% at the concentration of 10 mg/L to 37.94 ± 0.87% at the concentration of 40 mg/L. The apoptosis rate of K562 cells increased from 37.94 ± 0.87% (24 hours) to 47.02 ± 0.66% (72 hours) after treatment with DADS of 10 mg/L increasing to 40 mg/L DADS. The Fas mRNA expression levels of the related apoptotic genes increased after K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of DADS for 48 hours, while FasL mRNA expression decreased significantly after DADS treatment for 48 hours, compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). It is concluded that DADS can induce the apoptosis of human leukemia K562 cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manners. The activation of Fas/FasL pathway may play an important role in the K562 cell apoptosis induced by DADS, which is associated with increasing Fas gene expression and decreasing FasL gene expression.
Allyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Disulfides ; pharmacology ; Fas Ligand Protein ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Signal Transduction ; fas Receptor ; metabolism