Objective: To investigate the effects of Jiaosanxian (JSX, consisted of stir-baked Hordei Fructus Germinatus-Crataegi Fructus-Massa Fermentata Medicinalis) on reducing blood lipid. Methods: The model of hyperlipidemic mice was established by feeding high-fat diet. Kunming mice were randomly divided into six groups: blank, hyperlipidemic, Zhibituo, low-, mid-, and high-dose [100, 200, and 400 mg/(kg·d)] JSX groups, and were continuously ig administered for 28 d. The contents of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum and liver and liver index were determined. Results: The contents of TC, TG, and LDL-C in serum or liver were decreased significantly but the contents of HDL-C were increased more significantly in the mid- and high-dose JSX groups than those in hyperlipemic group. The weight and liver index were decreased significantly with the dose increasing of JSX. The lipid-decreasing effects were improved with the dose increasing. Conclusion: These results suggest that JSX has the significant effects on hyperlipidemia. It could provide the experimental basis for the clinical use of JSX for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. © 2013 Tianjin Press of Chinese Herbal Medicines.

Objective To learn the exposure levels and health hazards of long-term exposure to hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) through drinking water in a west county,and to provide a scientific basis for making preventive measures.Methods Five water points were selected to test the Cr6+ concentration of drinking water in the county in 2015,data of 3 water points with water Cr6+ concentrations exceeded the standard (Cr6+ ＞ 0.05 mg/L) were selected from 12 drinking water points in some west counties in the recent six years (2009-2014) as the exposed group,2water points that drinking water Cr6+ concentrations not exceeded the standard (Cr6+ ≤0.05 mg/L) in the county and adjacent to the exposed group were selected as the control group.Sixty villagers were selected as the investigation objects in each water point to conduct internal medicine,ears,nose,throat (ENT),dermatology and health examination,urinary chromium content,routine blood and urine test were done.Determination of hexavalent chromium concentration in drinking water was done according to The Drinking Water Standard Examination Method 1,5-diphenylcarbazide Spectrophotometry (GB/T 5750-2006);routine urine was tested using the 10 urine analyzer test;urinary chromium was tested using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer;routine blood five classification was tested using automatic blood analyzer;determination of drinking water hexavalent chromium concentration was done according to The Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2006).Higher than 0.05 mg/L was judged as exceeded the standard;physical examination was done according to The Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Chromium Nasal Disease (GB Z12-2002) and The Diagnostic Standard of Occupational Contact Dermatitis (GB Z20-2002).Results There were 184 and 109 people in the exposed group and the control group,respectively.The average concentration of Cr6+ exceeding the standard ratio was 2.82-3.22 in drinking water,the nasal septum nucosa perforation,skin erythema edema,skin ulcers were 4.9％ (9/184),4.3％ (8/184) and 4.3％ (8/184) in the exposed group,and the urinary chromium level (0.31 μg/L) in the exposed group was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.27 μg/L,Z =-4.078,P ＜ 0.05).Routine blood test result of mean corpuscular haemaglobin (MCH) was (29.56 ± 2.07) pg,platelet counts (PLT) was (222.38 ± 47.53) × 109/L and plateletcrit (PCT) was (0.25 ± 0.05)％ in the exposed group,it was all higher than those of the control group [(29.03 ±2.95) pg,(211.74 ±75.27)× 109/L,(0.24 ± 0.08)％,t =1,940,2.318,2.079,all P ＜ 0.05];standard difference coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width (RDW-CV) was (13.14 ± 1.05)％,lymphocyte number (LYMPH) was (2.01 ± 0.64) × 109/L in the exposed group,it was all lower than those of the control group [(13.38 ±1.54)％,(2.21 ± 1.02) × 109/L,t =-1.989,-1.956,all P ＜ 0.05].The positive rate of glycosuria,uric bravery red,and urine nitrite in routine urine test of exposed group was 17.39％ (32/184),23.36％ (43/184),7.61％ (14/184);it was all higher than those of the control group [(8.25％ (9/109),11.93％ (13/109),0.91％ (1/109),x2 =4.746,5.798,6.309,all P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions Urine chromium accumulation has been found in populations long-term exposed to 2.82-3.22 times excessive Cr6+ through drinking water,which has affected the population's health to some extent.Therefore,it is necessary to speed up the local drinking water improvement project.

This study was aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Self Rate Health Assessment Questionnaire (TCM-SRHAQ). A total of 859 middle age and aged cases were enrolled in a cross-sectional study, which were evaluated by the questionnaire. The salivary level of ɑ-amylase was tested at the same time. The results showed that the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.91, which can highly differentiate the health level of the crowd. The spearman correlation coefficients between items in the “spleen deficiency” sub-scale were all higher than 0.3. While the correlation coefficients between items were less than 0.25. Salivary level of ɑ-amylase was used as indicator. The “spleen deficiency” sub-scale showed high validity in identifying spleen-qi deficiency people from healthy people. It was concluded that TCM-SRHAQ showed good reliability and validity in this study, which indicated it can be used as a valuable measurement for assessing different types of health status, especially the spleen-qi deficiency type.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Oligodendroglia ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the full-term newborn′s weight in Zhengzhou city and nearby areas around Zhengzhou in Henan province.Methods Each group newborn′s weight was divided with sex and city.We studied the regularity of full-term newborn′s weight,and examined the cause of the newborn′s weight rising.Results The average newborn′s weight in Zhengzhou was (3449.06?453.97) g,which in nearby areas around Zhengzhou was (3352.07?429.91) g.The average newborn′s weight in Zhengzhou was 86.97 g higher than other cities (P

BACKGROUND: Decompression-internal fixation is needed in the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation accompanying with spinal compression caused by cranium-neck junction area malformation and other diseases.Different internal fixation methods are chosen according to different conditions, including anterior atlantoaxial internal fixation, posterior atlantoaxial internal fixation or occipitocervical internal fixation. Transoralpharyngeal atlantoaxial plate internal fixation is a method for atlantoaxial anterior fixation. It is developed recently and used for difficult and complicated atlantoaxial dislocation induced by congenital disease, trauma or rheumatoid arthritis.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the clinical application of transoralpharyngeal atlantoaxial reduction plate system in the atlantoaxial dislocation caused by obsolete odontoid fracture.DESIGN: Single Sample observation SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Medical University of Chinese PLA PARTICIPANTS: Twelve patients with atlantoaxial dislocation caused by obsolete odontoid fracture were selected in the Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January 2003 to October 2005. Among them, 7 were male and 5 were female, they were aged 47 years on average ranging from 36 to 59 years. The mean injured time was 19 months ranging from 4.5 to 36 months; 6 patients were graded as C degree, 3 as D degree and 3 as E degree in Frank gradation.METHODS: Twelve obsolete odontoid fracture caused by atlantoaxial dislocation underwent transoralpharyngeal anterior decompression. Transoralpharyngeal atlantoaxial reduction plate system was used in reduction and fixation. Autogeneic ilium was implanted into bilateral articulatio atlantoepistrophica.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Frank gradation of patients at the 4th week after operation. ② whether the internal fixation is loose or not after operationRESULTS: ①Frank gradation at the 4th week after operation: Among the 6 patients who were primarily graded as C degree, 4 patients improved to be E degree and 2 patients D degree; Three patients who were primarily graded as D degree all improved to be E degree; Patients who were primarily graded as E degree did not changed. ② Except for one patient who suffered dislocation again for loosening of screw caused by tumble, the other patients had firm fixation, ideal fusion and satisfying spinal decompression.CONCLUSION: Transoralpharyngeal atlantoaxial reduction plate system finishes atlantoaxial reduction and fixation once. It avoids conducting posterior fusion fixation operation after anterior decompression. It also avoids fetal injury for spinal cord caused by extreme atlantoaxial unsteadiness in the process of movement and turning over.

BACKGROUND:C2 transpedicle screw fixation for Hangman fractures has been paid more attention due to reliability and no loss of physiological function.However,there are lacks of biomechanical evidences for indication treatment because the fixation is single segmental.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanical stability of C2 transpedicle screw fixation for Hangman fractures.DESIGN,TIME and SEITING:This was a contrast study which was performed at the General Key Laboratory of Biomechanics,First Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from May to August 2004.MATERIALS:AO-universal titanium alloy transpedicle screw of 18 25 mm in length and 3.5 mm in diameter was adopted in this study.Six fresh C1-C4 cervical vetebrae samples were ordiually made into type Ⅰ,ⅡA,and Ⅱ Hangman fracture models.METHODS:After transpedicle screw fixation.Hangman fracture models were measured by non-destroyed style with spinal anterior flexion/posterior extension,left/right lateral curvature,and left/right axial direction.Loading/unlonding circulation was performed three times during each testing.Kinematics indicators were measured on the 3rd circulation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Spinal motor images at zero load and maximal load were obtained with laser photoscanning(0.1% in precision),and the corresponding systematic software was adopted to calculate 3D range of movement.RESULTS:The relative stability of type Ⅰ Hangman fracture models after C2 transpedicle screw fixation was 100.62%(inflexion),96.91%(posterior extension),99.19%(lateral curvature),and 97.12%(rotation)as compared to control group (P＞0.05).The relative stability of type Ⅱ Hangman fracture models after C2 transpedicle screw fixation was 47.84%(inflexion),21.29%(posterior extension),65.98%(lateral curvature),and 41.69%(rotation)as compared to control group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Biochemical evaluation suggests that type Ⅰ and Ⅱ A Hangman fractures do fit for C2 transpedicle screw fixation,and the fixation may generate well physiological fixation or stability.However,stability of type Ⅱ Hangman fracture is poor,so it is not suitably adopted single transpedicle screw fixation.

Objective To evaluate the biomechanical characteristics and the clinical advantage of transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate(TARP)Ⅲ.Methods Design of TARP-Ⅲ was based on TARP-Ⅱ.The screw hole in the axis was moved 1-2 mm upwards and inwards in a plate which turned a vertebral screw into a pedicle screw or an articular process screw.A polyaxial self-lock ring and polyaxial guiding drill were added to the crew hole of the plate.Finally,the withdrawal resist ence force of the three axis screws was tested and TARP-Ⅲ was used in 44 patients with complicated irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation.The axis was fixed with the pedicle screw or the articular process screw.Results The maximum withdrawal resist ence force of the anterior pedicle screw,the articular process screw and the vertebral screw in the axis was(593.1 ± 97.8)N,(469.9 ± 73.3)N and(395.2 ± 75.1)N respectively,with statistical difference between groups among three fixation methods(P ＜ 0.05).All 44 patients were followed up for 5-38 months(average 18 months),which showed complete anatomic reduction in 36 patients and appropriate anatomic reduction in eight,with basic correction of the angles between the brain stem and the spinal cord and sufficient decompression of the spinal cord.The decompression rate of the cervical spinal cord was average 88.2% according to the Yin evaluating method of cervical cord decompression.The improvement rate of spinal cord function was average 76.6% according to Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score.Conclusion With the design of polyaxial self-lock mechanism,TARP-Ⅲ with the pedicle screw or the articular process screw surpasses TARP-Ⅱ with vertebral screw in aspect of biomechanics.

Objective To retrospectively study revisions for infected total hip replacements in 30 cases and discuss the bacteriological characters of the infected total hip replacements,difficulties and strategies in the revision.Methods Thirty revisions of infected total hip replacements were reviewed retrospectively.There were 12 males and 18 females,with mean age of 62.5 years(31-86 years)at revi- sion surgery.Infection was presented one month to four years(mean seven months)after THA operation. The diseases for initial operation included femoral neck fractures in 12 cases,femoral head necrosis in 11,hip osteoarthritis in five and rheumatoid arthritis in two.Twelve eases were treated by one-stage revi- sion and 18 by two-stage revision.Results Before the revision operation,the hip infection were diag- nosed by bacterial culture in 18 cases including five with Staphylococcus epidermidis,four with Staphylo- coccus aureus and nine with other bacteria.Bacteria growth appeared on the specimens from 23 hip joints during the revision surgery but not on the specimens from seven hip joints.Of 12 one-stage revisions,10 cases were followed for mean 16 months,which showed infection recurrence in two eases.Of 18 two-stage revisions,13 cases were followed for mean 20 months,which showed one case with infection recurrence. The mean Harris hip score was improved from preoperative 44 to 84 at follow-up.Conclusions 1) The main bacteria in the infected hip are antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus.2)Because the revision op- eration is difficult,careful preparation before revision is important for success.The fresh surgeon should not attempt.3)The revision strategies should vary according to specific status of the cases.The infection recurrence rate is lower when using a two-stage revision strategy.4)Application of antibiotic bone cement can help improve treatment effect and facilitate functional recovery of the joints.5)The scientific rehabil- itation after operation is very important to functional recovery.

Objective To report the experience of the application of microsurgery in joint replace- ment.Methods There were 22 cases,10 cases with segmental acetabular defects treated with the pedicle sartorius muscle iliac bone grafting,5 cases with vascular repair following major vascular injury of extremity during operation,6 cases with neural repair following neural injury during operation,1 case with serious injury reconstruction by elbow joint replacement and free flap.Results The operations succeeded in 22 cases without any postoperative infection.The mean follow-up was 40.1 months (3-72 months) in 22 cases,in which the joint function improved and the operative result was satisfactory with no joint pain.Conclusion Microsurgical technique can reconstruct bone and tissue defect effectively in joint replacement.