Objective:To investigate the effect of porcelain bake cycles on oxide layer form ed on cobalt-chromium alloy surface.Methods:Fixed spot analysis of EPMA methods was adopted to measure the oxygen at o mic percentage inward from the edge of cross-section interface of alloy pieces. The adherent state of oxide layer on the surface of substrate alloy was observed .Results:The oxide layer on the surface of alloy had stable thickness and contain ed more and more oxide as porcelain firing times increased.In some area,oxide la yer fractured from the substrate metal.Conclusion:Cobalt-chromium alloy frame should be abrased and polished thoroughl y after porcelain bake cycles.

Outcome of patients with adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is poor,and even worse among patients with relapsed/refractory ALL (R/R ALL).New treatments must be taken to overcome drugresistance to conventional chemotherapy for ALL.Humanized monoclonal antibody and chimeric antigen receptor gene modified T cells have become the focus of treatment in ALL.Lots of clinical trials in multiple research centers are in progress,and the results constantly upgrade which is effectively bring better curative effect and prognosis for R/R ALL patients.This is one of the hot topics at the 56th ASH annual meeting.

In recent years, various network assistant teaching platforms which have flooded into universities have been well received by the majority of teachers and students and educators. Network teach-ing platforms in oral medicine education now, especially the assistant teaching and information management have gradually risen to play a decisive role position. Combined with the characteristics of oral medical un-dergraduate course and the present situation of teaching, a preliminary practical use has been made on the new digital teaching management platform of College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, and the analysis based on its advantages and disadvantages has also been made, in order to make an improvement of oral medicine teaching quality and management efficiency.

Objective To review the CT appearances and important differential diagnoses of various primary and secondary mesenteric neoplasms.Methods By describing the mesenteric anatiomy and major routes for the dissemination of metastatic mesenteric tumors, the article presents both the common and rare types of various primary and secondary mesenteric neoplasms, and addresses the characteristic CT appearances and important aspects of the differential diagnosis.Results CT study, especially the multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), along with the clinical history and other related information, can nicely depict various mesenteric tumors and well differentiate them from infectious, inflammatory or vascular processes affecting the mesentery.Conclusion CT is the imaging method of choice for the evaluation of tumors of small bowel mesentery.

Pterygium is a common ocular surface disorder,which causes lowing of vision even blindness once invading into cornea.The pathogenesis of pterygium is still incompletely clear.Recently studies showed that the interaction of a lot of factors lead to the proliferation of pterygium,and angiogenesis may play an important role in the formation and progression of pterygium.The therapies of pterygium focus on surgical resection with autologous conjunctival transplantation,amniontransplantation or transplantation of limbal stem cells,but a high recurrence rate of pterygium is worth studying.The angiogenesis of pterygium is a key problem.This article summarized the research outcomes in regulation and treatment about angionesis in pterygium.

Stem cell is one of the hot spot in the research area of biomedical engineering. Special attentions are drawn to the research and application of neural stem cells. Neural stem cells exist widely in central nervous system, which has the capacity of self-renewal and the potential to differentiate into other cells. The so-called engineered neural stem cell is constructed by using the technique of genetic engineering to make it be able to express various neural growth factors with high-performance and stability. The engineered neural stem cells have a great potential in the therapy of diseases of central nervous system, especially the spinal cord injury. This article reviews the research development of engineered neural stem cells, the problems confronted with it, and the trend for research in the future.

Objective To review and summerize effectiveness and method of the Boston's balloon dilation in cardiac achalasia. Methods The intensified guide wire was inserted into stomach through mouth cavity under TV controll. The Boston's balloon was inserted to the cardiac stricture through the guide wire and dilatated with 15% contrast medium with to a maximum diameter for five minutes and then the balloon was dilatated again for 3～5 minutes, all together for 3～4 times. The severe stricture must be pre dilatated with 20～25mm diameter balloon. Results The balloon insertion was technically successful in all 26 patients. The once succese of ballon dilation was achieved in 24 patients and twice in other 2. Follow up time was from 2 weeks to 31 months(mean 10.6 months). Recurrent stenosis had not occurred in all patients. Remission rate of dysphagia was 100%. Esophageal reflux occurred in 3 patients. Conclusions The Boston's balloon dilatation is simple and effective for treatment of cardiac achalasia. The method sometimes may replace surgical procedure.

Objective:To explore the changes in somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI) and the effects of relieving spinal cord compression at different times on recovery and the evoked potential.Methods:Seventy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group of 10 and an experimental group of 60. The experimental group was further divided into a mild injury group of 10, a moderate injury group of 40 and a severe injury group of 10. Spinal cord injuries with different severities were established in the experimental group using a self-made percussion device. The rats′ SEPs were measured before the injury, and 5 minutes, 1 hour, 6 hours, 3 days and 7 days afterward. Some of the rats receiving decompression treatment.Results:The more seriously the spinal cord was injured, the longer was the latency and the smaller was the amplitude. Both differences were statistically significant. Rats with longer compression time had significantly longer incubation periods and greater decreases in the amplitude. After relieving the compression, rats from whom it had been relieved earlier had quicker amplitude recovery. For rats under compression for 30 minutes, their amplitude was the lowest seven days later.Conclusions:For spinal cord injury, longer compression time can lead to more significant changes in the latency and amplitude of SEP, with the change in the amplitude more significant than that in the latency.

The nerve tissue engineering is to apply scalfolds and seed cells for the treatment of injury or disease of nerve system by restoring their anatomic structures and funetiorm.The scaffolds played important roles in supporting and conducting axonal regeneration.They could also limit the in-growth of scar tissue and hence help to build the connection between axonal and target cell.Self-assembling peptide scaffold is one of the excellent material used is nerve tissue engineering.This article reviews the self-assembling peptide based scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering and discusses the unsolved problems in the fields and the trend d the related research in the future.

Objective To determine the early diagnostic value of serum C -reactive protein (CRP)、 total complement( CH50 ) activity and complement 3 (C3) concentration of premature women in the subclinical infection.MethodsSolid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA method ) was used for measurements of serum CRP levels. According to modified Mayer simple tubular colorimetric method and simple agar immunodiffusion method, we determined the CH50、C3 concentration respectively.Results Premature women with subclinical chorioamnionitis showed higher serum CRP concentration than that of normal pregnancy women (P<0.01). In the subclinical chorioamnionitis, the more serious the infection, the higher the CRP concentration, while CH50 and C3 concentrations were correspondently decreased. Serum CRP concentration in premature labor was the most sensitive index that suggested subclinical chorioamnionitis. ConclusionsSerum CRP、CH50 and C3 concentrations in premature labor are simple,reliable and accurate indexes for early diagnosis of subclinical infection.