Chronic hepatitis B virus infection is a great threat to public health around the world.National,Asian-Pacific,or global clinical research collaborative network plays an important role in exploring new therapeutic strategies and biological markers and preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B.We believe that such network may help to realize a future without hepatitis B.

0. 05), respectively. Conclusion: Repeated +Gz stress may disorder the ratio of ET and NO. This imbalance may be one of the causes which lead to pathology changes in masseter musscles.

Neutrophil ( PMN) is the main immune effect cell of killing candida yeast cells .It can recognize different cellular components of candida through a variety of surface and intracellular pattern recognition receptors , phagocytose and/or form extracellular traps to capture candida yeast and mycelia , then kill them with oxidation or non-oxidation mechanism .It can also adjust innate immunity and adaptive immune response in candida infection by interaction with other immune cells .This article reviews recent progress of the multiple subsets of neutrophil , the mechanism of its recognizing and killing candida , and the interaction with other immune cells , to provide new perspectives for clinical therapy of candida infections .

In recent years,there has been increasing evidence that microcirculatory disturbance,including vasoconstriction,shunting,inad-equate perfusion,increased blood viscosity,and coagulation,is closely associated with the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP).These processes may be exacerbated by ischaemia-reperfusion injury and the generation of oxygen radicals.The anatomical features of pancreatic microcirculation,the pathophysiological mechanism of pancreatic microcirculation disturbance and related inflammatory mediators,and pro-gress in the treatment of microcirculatory disturbance in AP are reviewed.It is suggested that the pancreatic and systemic microcirculation may play a key role in the development and progression of AP.

OBJECTIVE To investigate and evaluate the effects of intact-bridge tympanoplasty using auricular cartilage in treating chronic otitis media. METHODS A retrospective review of 86 cases undergoing an intact-bridge tympanomastoidectomywas performed from July,2013 to May,2016.The auricular cartilage was placed on the attic and tympanic antrum entrance to reconstruct the attic. RESULTS The outcome of dry ear and well-epithelialized mastoid cavities was achieved after 4-6 weeks. After 6-month follow-up no recurrence occurred. The pure-tone average threshold improved by (25.4±6.3) dB HL after operation,and the mean air bone gap was elevated. CONCLUSION On the basis of combination of closed and open techniques,the IBM technique is a optimal cure strategy for chronic otitis media,which can not only remove the pathological changes thoroughly to prevent disease recurrence but also maximally improve the hearing of the diseased ear.The closure of attic with auricular cartilage can ensure the space of the ossicular chain.

Objective:To observe the effect of soluble CD14 (sCD14) on the inducing activity of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) on human gingival fibroblasts(HGFs). Methods:In vitro cultured HGFs were stimulated by FITC labeled LPS at the concentration of 0 (control), 100 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml LPS+100 ?g/ml sCD14 and 100 ng/ml LPS+100 ?g/ml ENP respectively for 24 h. The binding activity of LPS to HGFs was measured in the level of mean fluorescence intensity of FITC-LPS.TNF-? and IL-6 in the culture supernatant were measured by ELISA. Results:The binding activity of FITC-LPS to HGFs and the level of TNF-? and IL-6 in culture supernatant were significantly decreased in sCD14 and ENP group(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the small fiber function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of the early stage by measuring the sensory threshold with the quantitative temperature testing technology.

METHODSTwenty cases of patients with type 2 diabetes with no neurological deficit (DM group) and twenty age and sex-matched healthy controls underwent the detecting of cold sensory threshold (CST), warm sensory threshold (WST), cold pain threshold (CPT), heat pain threshold (HPT) in both inside of their hands.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in CST, WST, CPT and HPT between left and right inside of hand of the same sample among all the testers. But the four kinds of threshold showed significant difference in the right inside of hand between patients and healthy people ( P < 0.05). In addition, the CST and WST differed significantly in the left inside of hand between the patients and healthy controls while the CPT and HPT showed no significant difference in the left inside of hand between them. Patients group and control group with CST and WST on the left side of the comparison difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONQuantitative analysis of temperature sense threshold can not only reflect increase of the pain threshold value, also can reflect its decrease, i. e. hyperalgesia, which may help to diagnose small fibrous peripheral neuropathy recognition, especially in early diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Case-Control Studies ; Cold Temperature ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; physiopathology ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; diagnosis ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hyperalgesia ; Pain Threshold ; Sensory Thresholds ; Thermosensing

ObjectiveTo comparison of kilo-voltage cone-beam CT (KVCBCT) deformable image registration of adaptive planning and static planning for patients with lung cancer,and evaluate their characters.MethodsFive patients with lung cancer were in the study.Two sets image were acquired every three days and were concatenated to one set.Ten sets CBCT image and planning CT image were transferred a commercial deformable image registration software.The planning CT was deformed to each set CBCT and the contours delineated,the new contour were labeled CBCTf1 -CBCTf10.Transfer of each deformed planning CT and CBCTf1 -CBCTf10 back into the treatment planning system enable re-calculation of actual dose distribution,then we obtain CT planning and fractional CBCT contour planning,the CBCT planning were labeled CBCTp1-CBCTp10.Ten times CBCT planning of every patient were added to acquire a total dose accumulation planning ( DA plan ),comparison of dose distribution and dose-volume histogram in CT plan and DA plan for fractionation dose and accumulation dose of left,right,total lung,PTV and spinal-cord.The difference of two plan was analyzed by Wilcoxson's sign rank test.ResultsThe max and min dose of PTV,the left,right,total lung V5,V10,V20,V30,V50,spinal-cord max dose,and the left,right and total lung mean dose in DA plan were smaller than in CT plan (z=-2.02 - -2.03,P＜0.05).The mean dose of PTV and D95 in DA plan was as well as in CT plan (z=-1.48,-1.21,P=0.138,0.225).ConclusionsKVCBCT based deformable image registration of adaptive planning reduce the dose of lung and spinal-cord,and enhance the dose of PTV.This provides a tool for exploring adaptive radiotherapy strategies.

Objective To investigate the expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in liver cancer and its clinical significance. Methods The specimens of liver cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues were collected from 50 patients who received radical resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from July 2007 to April 2008. The mRNA and protein expressions of DNMT1,DNMT3a and DNMT3b in liver cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining. The mRNA expression of DNMTs in the liver cancer tissues was compared with those in the adjacent tissues, cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues by using t test and Mann-Whitney U test. The correlation between the protein expression of DNMTs in the liver cancer tissue and the clinicopathological features was analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher exact test, and the tumor-free survival time was analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier method and the difference in tumor-free survival rate between different patients was analyzed by Log-rank test. Results The mRNA expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the liver cancer tissue were 2.57, 2.29 and 4.86 times higher than those in the adjacent tissues (t = 3.94, 2. 72, 4. 06, P ＜ 0.05 ). The mRNA expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b were 2.38,2.14 and 4.66 times higher than those in the cirrhotic tissues, and 6.12, 4.58 and 12.99 times higher than those in the chronic hepatitis tissues. The mRNA expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the liver cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in the cirrhotic tissues and chronic hepatitis tissues ( U = 587.5,730. 0,562.5; 65.5, 64.5, 71.0, P ＜ 0.05). The protein expression of DNMT1 was correlated with the size, number,TNM stages and vascular invasion of tumors ( x2 = 4.08, 5.95, 4.08, P ＜ 0.05 ). The protein expression of DNMT3a was correlated with the size, number and TNM stages of tumors (x2 = 4.08, 5.95, 4.08, P ＜ 0.05 ).The mean tumor recurrence time of patients with low expressions of DNMT1 and DNMT3a were 9.4 and 8.7 months, which were significantly longer than 5.0 and 3.2 months of those with high expressions of DNMT1 and DNMT3a (x2 =3.89, 9.91, P＜0.05). Conclusions DNMTs play an important role in hepatocarcinogenesis.High expressions of DNMT1 and DNMT3a are correlated with the postoperative recurrence of liver cancer, which are valuable prognostic factors for liver cancer.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of ω-3 fatty acids in intervening rat models of chronic obstructive pulmonery disease (COPD).Methods The rat COPD models were established by cigarette smoking and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide instillation.Totally 90 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group (treated with normal saline),COPD group,and intervention group (the COPD rat models treated with ω-3 fatty acids).Lung tissues were obtained on the 7th,21st,and 28th day.The left lower lobes were analyzed to determine the expressions of nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)and the right lung lobes were sliced for detecting the cell apoptosis.Double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was used to detect the serum IFN-γ and interleukin-6 (IL-6).Results (1) The pathological changes of lung tissue:there were a large number of inflammatory exudation,alveolar wall thickening,hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle and the alveolar structure destruction in the COPD model group,but the lung tissue were part of alveolar cavity and a little inflammatory exudate in ω-3 fatty fish acids treatment group,control rats were almost no alveolar inflammation on the 28th days.(2) On the 28th day,NF-κB protein expression of the lung tissue (18.91 ± 3.07) in rats of COPD model group was significantly higher than the control group and the intervention group (5.47 ±4.86 and 7.23 ±2.21) (P ＜0.01).On the 28th day,IFN-γ protein expression in lung tissue of the rats in the model group was 7.12 ±3.37,significantly lower than the intervention group (18.74 ± 2.65),the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01).(3) The IL-6 levels of the blood-serum of model group rats were (13.43 ± 2.47) ng/L,significantly higher than the control group and the intervention group [(4.78 ± 1.93) and (4.98 ± 1.89) ng/L],the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.01) on the 28th day,,but the IFN-γ level [(2.23 ± 0.63) ng/L] in COPD group was more poorer than ω-3 fatty acids group and the intervention group [(4.51 ± 0.71) and (7.05 ± 0.52) ng/L] (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The ω-3 fatty acids can lower NF-κB protein expressions in lung tissues and serum and IL-6 levels in COPD rats; aslo,it can increase the IFN-γ protein expression in lung tissue and serum.Thus,it can prevent the lung inflammation in COPD rats.