ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to summarize the characteristics of cellular and humoral immunity in children with Kawasaki's disease (KD),and to explore the role of cellular and humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of KD.MethodsOne hundred and ninety-six subjects with KD were diagnosed and observed.The serum IgG,IgM,IgA and C3,C4 levels were detected by velocity scatter turbidimetry.The levels of T lymphocyte subsets,natural killer cells (NK cells),and B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.Chi-square test,independent t-test and Spearman analysis were adopted to analyze data.ResultsOne hundred and seventy-two cases were diagnosed as typical KD,24 cases were incomplete KD,17 cases were refractory KD,179 cases responded to IVIG therapy,and 34 cases were CAL.The occurrence of coronary artery lesion (CAL) in the refractory KD group was 52.9％,which was evidently higher than those patients responding to IVIG therapy(14.0％,P＜0.05).In the group of KD,the level of CD19 absolute value(1165±556)/μl was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05),the ratio of CD4/CD8 (2.19±0.77) was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05),the levels of serum IgM ( 1.41 ±0.45) g/L,IgA (0.81 ±0.35) g/L,C3 ( 1.31 ±0.26) g/L were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05),the levels of CD8 (671±308)/μl,NK (337±233)/μl absolute value were lower than those in thc control group (P＜0.05).In refractory KD subgroup,the levels of CD19 absolute value,serum IgM,C3 and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were higher than those in the subgroup responding to IVIG therapy(P＜0.05),while the levels of CD8,NK absolute value were lower than those in the latter(P＜0.05).In the CAL subgroup,the levels of CD19 absolute value,serum IgM,IgA and the ratio of CD4/CD8 were higher than those in the non-CAL subgroup (P＜0.05),while the levels of CD8,NK absolute value were lower than those in the latter(P＜0.05).The differences of all data between typical KD subgroup and incomplete KD subgroup were insignificant (P＞0.05).The severity grade of CAL was positively correlated with the ratio of CD4/CD8(P＜0.05).ConclusionThere are cellular immunity and humoral immunity disturbances in the acute stage of KD,while cellular immunity disturbances are more striking.Cellular immunity and humoral immunity are all involved in the pathogenesis of KD.The immunity dysfunction is more significant in refractory KD and CAL.The occurrence rate of CAL is high in refractory KD.The ratio of CD4/CD8 is relevant to the severity of vascular injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum,posture on blood pressure,heart rate (HR),pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC)and gynecologic surgery (LP) patients.MethodsTwelve LC patients (LC group)and 13 LP patients(LP group) with ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ were selected.Anesthesia and muscle relaxation were maintained by propofol,fentanyl,enflurane,atracurium and the systolic pressure (SBP),diastolic pressure (DBP),HR,SpO2 was recorded in the following times:before anesthesia(T0),immediately after inflation (T1),after position adjustment (after 10 win inflation ) (T2),after 30 min inflation ( T3 ),after deflation (the end of operation)(T4).Results The SBP and DBP at T1,T2,T3 [SBP:(138.75 ± 13.22),(140.42 ± 15.88),(138.67 ±16.35) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa) ; DBP:(94.42 ± 5.76),(96.25 ± 8.26),(90.42 ± 7.36) mm Hg] was higher than that at T0[SBP:( 135.50 ± 15.31 ) mm Hg;DBP:(83.58 ± 6.70) mm Hg] in LC group(P＜ 0.01 ).The SBP and DBP at T2,T3 [SBP:(136.76 ± 12.55),(136.85 ± 13.22) mm Hg;DBP:(88.38 ±6.54),(87.23 ± 6.34) mm Hg ] was higher than that at T0 [ SBP:( 132.52 ± 10.11 )mm Hg; DBP:(74.61 ± 5.23 )mm Hg] in LP group (P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in HR,SpO2 between T0 and the other points in two groups (P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe hemodynamic changes have no significant difference between LC and LP;but compared with preoperative,the hemodynamic changes have significant difference after inflation.

Objective To quantitatively analyze the coronary artery ostia by three-dimensional trans-esophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE).Methods The full-volume images of aortic root and coronary artery ostia were acquired by 3D-TEE in 95 adult patients.The Philips QLab 3DQ measurement technology was employed to determine three mutually perpendicular planes:(1) The transverse plane cross the bottom of three coronary artery sinus.(2) The sagittal plane perpendicular to sino-tubular junction.(3) The coronal plane perpendicular to the aforementioned two planes .The following relevant parameters were measured and recorded:(1) Length, width, height and area of bilateral coronary artery ostia .(2) The angle between coronary arterial outflow tract and aortic root in sagittal plane .(3) The spatial distribution of coronary artery ostia, aortic root and coronary artert sinus .Results The shape of left coronary artery ostia were more regular (round or oval) than right coronary artery ostia ( teardrop-shape or oval ).Calcification was more frequent in right coronary artery ostia (81/95, 85.26%) than that in left coronary artery ostia. There were statistical differences between left and right coronary artery in the parameters of ostial wide , area and height (t =3.85, 3.86, -4.49, all P<0.01).Most left coronary artery ostia were located inside the sinus (76/95, 80.00%), mainly in the upper third segment (69/95, 72.63%); while more than half of the right coronary artery ostia were found outside the sinus ( 53/95, 55.79%).The difference was statistically significant( χ2 =25.91, P<0.01).Conclusion The quantitative analysis of aortic root and coronary artery ostia based on the full-volume images originated from real-time 3D-TEE is feasible, which is helpful for further clinical research .

The chromatograms of pyrolysis gas chromatography (PGC) of fifteen strains of Salmonella typhi were reported to see if there is any possible relation of the graphs to serological typing and drug-resistance spectra of the bact. In the fifteen strains there were fourteen clinical strains and one reference strain (Hg01). The results indicated that the clinical strains might be divided into group A and B (7 strains each) by PGC. The graphs drawn from group A organisms were entirely the same in shape while those of group B showed only basic similarity. According to the diversity of graphs of group B organisms, the group B organisms, may be subdivided into group B1 (4 strains), B2 (2 strains) and B3 (1 strain). The graphs within each subgroup were completely the same and those of subgroup B1 exhibited close similarity to that of the reference strain. Albeit no regular connection of chromatograms with serological types and drug-resistance could be seen, the graphs yet provided useful reference for founding a bank of chromatograms, compaed with which salmonella typhi graph could then be identified.

Aim To investigate the effects of Curcumin on Heme oxygenase isozymes in SH-SY5Y cells and explore a new mechanism of Curcumin in neuroprotection. Methods The human SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in vitro and treated with Curcumin at 0,1.25,5.0,20 ?mol?L-1 for 24 h,or with Curcumin at 5.0 ?mol?L-1 for 0,12,24,and 48 h. The active oxygen was detected by fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and fluorospectro-photometer. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of HO-1 and HO-2 mRNA. Western blot was performed to detect the levels of HO-1 and HO-2 protein.Results The results showed that Curcumin could inhibit the levels of active oxygen(P

Aim To investigate the effect of Curcumin on the expression of HO-1 and Nrf-2,and explore the machanism of neuroprotection of Curcumin. Methods SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Curcumin at 0,1. 25, 5. 0,20. 0 ?mol?L -1,or with Curcumin at 5. 0?mol? L -1 for 12,24,48 h for the time course assay. RT-PCR and Western blot assays were carried out to detect mRNA and protein expression of Nrf-2 and HO-1. Nrf-2 siRNA was used to dectect the expression of HO-1 with the absence of Nrf-2. Results RT-PCR and Westernblot results indicated that the mRNA and protein expression of HO-1 and Nrf-2 all increased in a dose-and time-dependent manner after Curcumin treatment in the SH-SY5Y cells ( P

Objective To summarize the experience of establishing the stable rat model of chronic allograft nephropathy. Methods We used Fisher rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients.After the left kidney of the donor perfused in situ under hypothermic condition, the left renal vein,abdominal aorta and bladder flap of the donor was anastomosed with the left renal vein, renal artery and bladder of the recipient, respectively. The recipients were given cyclosporin oral solution 10 mg/kg every day by gavage for 10 days after transplantation. The blood and urine samples were collected 1 month, 2 months and 4 months after transplantation and renal function and total urine protein were examined. The pathological changes of the renal allograft were observed 2 and 4 months after transplantation. Results Forty-five rats received operation and achievement ratio was 85%. The renal transplantations were finished in 120 ± 20 min. The Scr, BUN, Cycs and total urine protein demonstrated a significant increase one month after transplantation. On the second and fourth month,with the exception of urine protein continued to increase, the other indicators did not change significantly. Two months after transplantation renal pathology demonstrated light to moderate interstitial fibrosis, infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells. At 4th month the renal allografts showed extensive interstitial fibrosis, a large number of infiltrating interstitial cells, thickening,hardening, occlusion of glomerular basement membrane, and renal tubular atrophy that were consistent with pathological changes of chronic allograft nephropathy. Conclusion Through adequate surgical training and improvement, and specification for rat nephrectomy, transplantation surgery,and postoperative management in every detail, the model with high success rate and stability can be achieved.

In order to ascertain prevalence rate of premarital sexual intercourse, unintended pregnancy and abortion, and evaluate associated factors of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates from all over China, the representative sample of unmarried undergraduates was obtained by using a multi-stage, stratified, probability cluster design, and data were collected by using a survey questionnaire. 62 326 available responders were gained. 11.6% of them acknowledged having experiences of premarital sexual intercourse (standardized prevalence rate of sexual intercourse was 13.8%). 31.5% of students active in premarital sex acknowledged undergoing unintended pregnancy. 76.2% of pregnant students selected abortion to end it. Of students active in premarital sex, 46.2% used contraception at the first sexual intercourse, 28.2% replied "always" using contraception in sexual intercourse. The rate of using condoms, oral contraceptives (OCs), and withdrawal among students who had used contraception was 52.0%, 31.0%, and 27.2% respectively. "No preparation for sex" (40.3%), "pleasure decrement" (32.1%), "won't-be-pregnancy in occasional sexual intercourse" (30.2%) were their common excuses for using no contraception. The identified risk factors for unintended pregnancy among students active in premarital sex by multivariate analysis were as follows: having no steady lover [having no steady lover vs having a steady lover: odds ratio (OR), 1.875; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.629-2.158], unaware of the course of conception (unaware vs aware: OR, 2.023; 95% CI, 1.811-2.260), considering abortion not endanger women's physical and mental health (no endangerment vs endangerment: OR, 2.659; 95% CI, 2.265-3.121), nonuse of contraception (never use vs always use: OR, 1.682; 95% CI, 1.295-2.185). Medical students were not less likely to experience an unintended pregnancy than nonmedical students (OR, 1.111; 95% CI, 0.906-1.287). The substantial proportion of unintended pregnancy among undergraduates indicates a need for convenient and targeted contraceptive education and services.

BACKGROUND: Animal tests verified that alcohol could cause lipid accumulation in femoral head, leading to osteonecrosis. Molecular biology tests verified that alcohol could induce differentiation of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) into adipocytes. If a drug can resist the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes induced by alcohol, it can prevent and treat alcoholinduced osteonecrosis.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of inhibition of puerarin on differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes induced by alcohol from the aspect of cell biology.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University from April 2000 to December 2002. A total of 50 clean healthy Kunming mice aged 6-8 weeks, of either sex, were selected. Bone marrow cells of the bilateral femur were obtained, with the inoculated density of 1.5×106/cm2, implanted into 6 wells and 24 wells cultured plate, randomized into groups, a well as a specimen and 24 specimens in each group.METHODS: MSCs were separated, cultured and assigned into 3 groups at random: model group (cells were treated with 0.09 mol/L alcohol), experimental group (0.09 mol/L alcohol and 0.01 mg/mL final concentration of puerarin) and controlled group (no alcohol and puerarin). Sudan Ⅲ staining was performed and adipose cells was counted under light microscope.Content of triacylglycerol, activity of alkaline phosphatase and content of osteocalcin in cell culture fluid were measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Result of differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes in micé of the three groups, ②content of triacylglycerol in MSCs of mice of the three groups, ③activity of alkaline phosphatase in MSCs of mice of the three groups, ④content of osteocalcin in cell culture fluid in the three groups.RESULTS: ①After being disposed and cultured for 21 days, number of adipocytes in the experimental group and control group decreased markedly compared with the model group. The number of adipocytes in the model group was 8.9 times of that in the experimental group, and 15.6 times of that in the control group [(319.17±19.92), (35.92±23.77)(20.42±12.15)per cm2,P＜0.001]. ②After being disposed and cultured for 21 days, coutent of triacylglycerol in the experinental group and control group was remarkably lower than that in the model group [(4.15±1.92) and (3.42±1.60),(11.55±4.42) μgin a well, P ＜ 0.001]. ③After being disposed and cultured for 12 days, activity of alkaline phosphatase in the experimental group and control group was distinctly higher than that in the model group [(9.51±2.96),(11.18±3.11), (4.84±2.23) μkat/g,P ＜ 0.001]. ④After being disposed and cultured for 14 days, content of osteocalcin in the experimental group and control group was 2.2 times and 2.7 times of that in the model group, respectively, and the difference was very significant com pared with themodel group [(11.11±4.57),(13.43±5.29), (4.95±2.31) μg/g,P ＜ 0.001].CONCLUSION: Puerarin can inhibit the differentiation of MSCs into adipocytes induced by alcohol, and maintain the osteogenic differentiation,which may prevent the development of osteonecrosis.

AIM: To explore the change of the expression of cell adhesion molecule CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 in erythroleukemic K562 apoptosis cells induced by momordin from momordica charantia seeds and study the effects of cell adhesion molecule CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 on cell apoptosis induced by momordin. METHODS: After the treatment of K562 cells with appropriated concentration momordin, CCK-8 test was employed to determine K562 cells growth; flow cytometry FACScan (FITC-Annexin V staining) and electron microscopy were used to detect apoptosis; The expression of CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 were examined by flow cytometry FACScan (FITC-CD_ 54 and PE-CD_ 44 staining). RESULTS: CCK-8 test showed K562 cells growth was significant inhibited by momordin; the apoptosis was detected by cell morphology and flow cytometry FACScan (FITC-Annexin V) in K562 cells after treatment by appropriated concentration momordin. The expressions of CD_ 54 and CD_ 44 in momordin treated K562 cells were 18.62 % and 1.32 % respectively, and in negative momordin treated K562 cells were 0.25 % and 0.17 % respectively, and momordin could up-expresses the protein of CD_ 54 18.37 % and CD_ 44 1.15 %. CONCLUSION: Momordin can markedly induce the K562 cell to apoptosis. The up-expressions of CD_ 54 exist in the process of apoptosis induced by momordin. The change of cell adhesion molecule maybe one of the key factors in the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by momordin, and its mechanism maybe involve in adhesion-dependent apoptosis.