Objective:To investigate the neuropsychological characteristics of Chinese agraphia caused by basal ganglia(BG)infarction.Methods:The writing abilities of 40 patients with BG infarction were detected by Chinese agraphia battery(CAB),and all the writing scores and agraphia quotient were calculated.The head CT/MRI images in agraphia and non-agraphia groups were standardized,the infarction were revealed and the superposition of two-dimensional arrays were performed,so that the central tendency of infarction was visually displayed.Results: Among the 40 patients,21 had left BG infraction,and 17 had agraphia;19 had right BG infraction,and 4 had agraphia.The two-dimensional superimposing neuroimages showed that BG infarctions caused agraphia was mostly in the left BG,including the left putamen,the head and body of the caudate nucleus,but there were fewer infarctions in the right putamen and the body of the candate nucleus.BG infarction caused agraphia was mostly aphasic agraphia,which was characterized by the orthographic disorders,paragraphia,and grammar mistakes.Conclusions: BG infarction may result in aphasic agraphia,which suggested that BG is involed in writing and processing,and it is the subcortical center of this advanced neurofunction in writing.

Animals ; Beer ; adverse effects ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To establish the animal model(rabbit) of shoulder instability for providing the experimental basis of related studies.Methods shoulder joints of 6 skeletally matured New Zealand white rabbits were measured with the anatomical characteristics and joint motion range in order to determine the operative approach,the similarities of skeletal structure,surrounding muscles,joint capsule and ligaments between rabbit and human were compared.Eighteen rabbits,weighing between 2.5 and 3kg were randomized into 2 groups(experimental group 12 and control 6).In experimental group,instability model was established by means of the operation procedure as follows:the glenohumeral joint of right shoulder was exposed by cutting the subscapularis tendon,then the anteroinferior labrum and surrounding capsular ligament were excised.For control group,sham operation was performed by only curing the skin and superficial tissue,the subscapularis tendon and glenoid structures was kept intact.The specimens of 6 rabbits were harvested 6 weeks after operation.The remaining rabbits of both experimental and control groups were killed 12 weeks post the operation for specimens processing.The motion range and instability were measured in all specimens.Results The gross anatomy of shoulder ioint in rabbit is similar to human.In experimental group,the stability is showed less than control,grade 2 anterior instability was found.The motion range was restricted in all directions,such as external and internal rotation,extension and abduction compared to control group.Conclusion Rabbit is suitable to establish animal model for shoulder instability and related iniuries,the animal model which was designed by this study could provide valuable information for the research of anterior shoulder instability.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) with no-immunosuppression,so as to accelerate the understanding for this group of disease.Methods The histological features of 6 HIV-PBL patients with no-immunodeficiency were retrospectively analyzed.Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status was detected by in situ hybridization.Then,immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method were used to determine the immunophenotype,latent status of EBV and MYC translocation in PBL,respectively.Results HIV-PBL showed monotonous proliferation of plasmablastoid or immunoblast-like cells.Giant cells and necrosis could be observed,with less reactive cells in the background and higher mitoses.All the cases had EBV infection and type Ⅰ latency status of EBV (LMP1-/EBNA2-),and expressed terminal B-cell differentiation immunophenotype (CD20-/CD3-/CD138+/Kappa or Lambda+).Six HIV-PBL patients were elderly (median age was 69.5 years old),had equal incidence of PBL between male and female and showed high frequency of involvement of extranodal and extraoral lesion sites (6 cases and 5 cases,respectively).Median sutvival was 25.5 months.In addition,3 HIV-PBL patients had IGH/MYC translocations.Conclusions HIV-PBL is a new entity with unique clinical features including no-HIV infection,elderly,EBV positivity,and more involvement in extranodal and extraoral sites.HIV-PBL should be distinguished from HIV+ PBL.

Objective To findout the current situation of plague,and the population structure and density distribution of rodent.Methods According to The Plague Monitoring Scheme of Inner Mongolia,we surveyed the surrounding areas of Ceke and Xinximiao.The density of rats was surveyed by one-day bow-clip method and the method of 5 meters clamp law catching rats was used.According to The Plague Diagnostic Criteria(WS 279-2008),the rats and fleas were detected by isolation and culture of Yersinia pestis,the serums of rodent were tested by indirect hemagglutination test.Results From 2002 to 2012,the monitored area was 291 km2.The number of qnadrat in every square kilometers was 118.The number of rodent captured was 1051,the number of Meriones Meridianus was 526,accounting for 50.05％ (526/1051),the number of Euchoreutes Naso was 175,accounting for 16.65％ (175/1051),and the number of Rhombomys Opimus was 154 accounting for 14.65％(154/1051).The average rodent density was 8.91/hm2.Etiology and serological test results were negative,46 groups of 753 fleas were cultured and 154 serum samples were tested.Conclusions There is no epidemic situation of animal plague in this area,but Meriones Meridianus is a dominant rat with high resistant.So,intensive monitoring should be strengthened in this area to prevent the prevalence of rodent and human plague.

BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of femoral nerve block in perioperative analgesia for total knee arthroplasty has been widely recognized, but the need for combined sciatic nerve block remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the analgesic effect and rehabilitation training of femoral and sciatic nerve block in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: 150 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into three groups: general anesthesia, femoral nerve block and femoral and sciatic nerve block groups. The visual analogue scale scores at rest and in activity, range of motion of the knee, postoperative hospitalization time, adverse effects and the Hospital for Special Surgery scores were recorded and compared among groups.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The order of visual analogue scale scores at rest and in activity at each time point postoperatively was as follows: general anesthesia group > femoral nerve block group > femoral and sciatic nerve block group (P < 0.05). (2) The range of motion of the knee at different time points postoperatively was largest in the femoral nerve block group, followed by the femoral nerve block group, and smallest in the general anesthesia group (P < 0.05). (3) The postoperative hospitalization time in the femoral nerve block and femoral and sciatic nerve block groups was significantly less than that in the general anesthesia group, and the time in the femoral and sciatic nerve block group was significantly less than that in the femoral nerve block group (P < 0.05). (4) The Hospital for Special Surgery scores at 1 month postoperatively in the femoral nerve block and femoral and sciatic nerve block groups were significantly higher than those in the general anesthesia group, and the scores in the femoral and sciatic nerve block group were significantly higher than those in the femoral nerve block group (P < 0.05). But the Hospital for Special Surgery knee scores at 3 and 6 months postoperatively did not differ significantly among groups (P > 0.05). (5) These results indicate that the femoral and sciatic nerve block has better postoperative analgesia effect compared with general anesthesia and femoral nerve block under multimodal analgesia in total knee arthroplasty, which is favorable for early rehabilitative training.

Objective:To explore the effects of norepinephrine combined with dobutamine on the hemodynamics,blood lactic acid,creatinine clearance rate (CCr),fractional excretion ofH2O (FEH2O) and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) of patients with septic shock.Methods:120 cases of patients with septic shock from January 2016 to December 2016 were selected as the research objectives and randomly divided into two groups with 60 cases in each group.Dobutamine was given to both groups,then norepinephrine was additionally given to the observation group,dopamine was additionally given to the control group.The clinical effect,changes of hemodynamics,blood lactic acid,CCr,FEH2O and FENa levels before and after treatment were compared between two groups.Results:The blood lactic acid and FENa levels of both groups were gradually decreased at 6,12,24 and 48 hours after treatment and were significantly lower than those before treatment;the CCr and FEH2O levels were gradually increased and significantly higher than those before treatment (P＜0.01).The blood lactic acid and FENa levels were gradually decreased at 6,12,24 and 48 hours after treatment and were significantly lower than those of the control group at same time (P＜0.01),the FEH2O level was significantly higher than that of the control group at the same time (P＜0.01).The MAP,SVRI of both groups at 6,12,24 and 48 hours after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment,but the CI at 24,48 hours after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P＜0.01),the MAP of observation group at 6,12,24 and 48 hours after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P＜0.01),the MAP at 6,12 hours after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P＜0.01),the HR of observation group at 6,12,24 and 48 hours after treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group,but SVRI was significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.01).The mortality of observation group was 18.33％ at 28th days after treatment,which was 35.00％ in the control group and significantly higher than that of the observation group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Norepinephrine combined with dobutamine could improve the hemodynamics,reduce the blood lactate level,improve the renal perfusion and prognosis of patients with septic shock.

More than 80 strains producing lipases were screened from oily soil of vegetable oil plant, meat processing factory and dairy factory in Jinan city, Shandong Province, which included bacteria, moulds and yeast. Conditions for lipase production and properties of some enzymes were studied. One drug-resistant mutant strain Y-11 with higher lipase activity was from Trichosporon sp. Y-1. In addition, Optimization of lipase production and characterization of enzymes were carried out. On the basis of above experiments, a characteristic library of stains producing lipases was established.

Background Rapamycin(RAPA)is a specific inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR).Researches showed that RAPA inhibits the proliferation of lens epithelium cells(LECs)and tumor cells and induces apoptosis of tumor cells.To investigate whether rapamycin has the inhibitory effect on retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells is very important for the prevention and management of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).Objective This study was to investigate the effects of RAPA on the proliferation and apoptosis of human RPE cells in vitro.Methods Human RPE cells(D407 strain)were cultured and passaged and then divided into regular culture group(blank control group),DMSO control group(0.1‰ DMSO +regular culture),and different concentrations RAPA-treatment groups(5,10,20,40,80,160,320 nmol/L).The proliferation(A490)of human RPE cells was detected using MTT,and the inhibitory rates of RAPA on the proliferation of RPE cells were calculated and compared among different groups at 12,24 and 48 hours.The apoptosis rates of the cells were analyzed among various groups by Hoechst staining after 12,24,48 hours.Results The inhibitory rates of RAPA on RPE cells were significantly different among various groups(F=484.451,P＜0.01)and evidently elevated in 20-320 nmol/L RAPA groups compared with DMSO control group(P ＜ 0.01).The inhibition of RAPA on the cells was considerably enhanced as the lapse of time(F=232.262,P＜0.01)with more dominant effects in 24 and 48 hours compared to 12 hours after addition of RAPA(P＜0.05-0.01).Compared with blank control group and DMSO control group,the apoptotic rates of the cells were evidently increased in 12,24,48 hours in 10 nmol/L RAPA group(all P＜0.05),and higher cellular apoptotic rates were found in 20-320 nmol/L RAPA groups(all P＜0.01).The alteration of cellular apoptotic rate showed a gradually incremental trend as the acting time of RAPA(F =625.584,P＜0.01).Karyorrhexis and mass-like density staining and chromatin substance were seen in RPE cells under the fluorescence microscope in ≥ 10 nmoL/L RAPA groups.Conclusions RAPA suppresses the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of human RPE cells in concentration-and time-dependent manner in vitro.

A plasmids of continuous expressing shRNAs targeting the NDV NA-1 Phosphoprotein (P) gene was designed.Virus titration,Real Time RT-PCR,CPE indicated that P-specific siRNA could inhibit virus replication at 36 h post-virus infection.In future studies,a combination of siRNAs targeting the NP and L gene may be used as a tool to study NDV replication and antiviral therapy.