ObjectiveTo investigate the event-based prospective memory (EBPM) and time-based prospective memory (TBPM) in patients with Alzheimer' s disease (AD). MethodsTwenty patients with AD, 20 adults with amnesia mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 30 healthy adults with matched age and education level were assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests including EBPM and TBPM tasks.ResultsCompared with healthy elders and patients with aMCI on performance of PM (2. 23 + 0. 77,4.83 ±1.09;1.00±1.03,3. 10 ± 1.52) and episodic memory(0. 70 ±0. 12,0.66 +0. 16;0.45 ±0.07,0.54±0. 10), AD patients were all impaired in PM and episodic memory(0.20 +0.41,2.05 ± 1.43;0.33±0. 12,0.32±0. 10), and were impaired in EBPM more significantly (t=-2.792, P＜0.01;t =-10. 761 ,P ＜0. 01 ). ConclusionsThese results suggest that AD patients show deficits of PM, but their EBPM is impaired more significantly. EBPM impairment may be an early diagnostic of AD.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of memory impairment in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods Thirty-five patients with aMCI and 35 healthy adults matched with age and education level were administered with a neuropsychological battery of tests including conception and perception implicit priming tasks (category exemplar, picture identification), as well as explicit memory tasks (immediate recall, delay recall, delay recognition ). Results Compared with healthy elders, patients with aMCI were impaired in the conception implicit priming task(t=-4.33, P<0.01), as well as in explicit memory (immediate recall, t=6.40, P<0.01;delay recall, t=9.29,P<0.01; delay recognition, t=7.65,P<0.01),but not in perception implicit priming task (t=-0.78, P＞0.05).The conception implicit priming is positively correlated with verbal fluency (r=0.74,P<0.01). Conclusions The present results indicate that patients with aMCI are impaired in both explicit memory and conception implicit priming. The conception implicit priming impairment in aMCI may be related to their frontal lobe dysfunction.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Breast Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Female ; Glucosyltransferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Humans ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection

Standardized Manipulation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Part 8: Intradermal Needle was compiled with the following principles. The compiling standard, technical features and clinic manipulations of intradermal needle were taken as the basic principle for compiling. Literature research, expert survey and clinic practice verification were applied as the drafting methods. The key issues were focused on the relationship between standardization and individualization, normalization and effectiveness, qualification and quantification. And the postural selection, reinforcing and reducing manipulations, fixing materials and embedding duration involved in intradermal needling were emphasized particularly. At the same time, details and the future way of thinking of intradermal needle were expounded in this article as well.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; standards ; China ; Humans ; Moxibustion ; standards ; Needles ; standards ; Reference Standards

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and mechanism of Feiyangqin Rectum Condensed Liquid (FRCL) in treating children syncytial viral pneumonia. Methods Seventy-two patients were randomly divided into two groups, the 36 patients in the treated group were treated with FRCL, and the other 36 patients in the control group simply treated with Western medicine. Efficacy of treatment on clinical condition and some immune function (IgA, IgG, CD3, CD4) were observed.

RESULTSIn the treated group, 28 patients were cured (77.8%), treatment was markedly effective in 4 patients (11.1%), effective in 2 (5.5%) and ineffective in 2 (5.6%), with the total effective rate of 94.4%. The corresponding number in the control group was 20 (55.6%), 7 (19.4%), 6 (16.7%), 3 (8.3%) and 91.7%, respectively. The cure rate in the treated group was obviously superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). FRCL could improve serum IgA, IgG, CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8, lower serum IgE, these indexes in the treated group were significantly different to those in the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFRCL had the action in treating children syncytial viral pneumonia without any adverse reaction, one of its mechanisms might be related to its regulation on immune function.

Administration, Rectal ; Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Pneumonia, Viral ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections ; drug therapy ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic compression anastomosis clip (LapCAC) for laparoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis.

METHODSIn March, 2007, three gastric cancer patients undergone total gastrectomy (1 case) and distal gastrectomy (2 cases) received laparoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis with LapCAC. The gastrointestinal anastomotic complications, first post-operational flatus, bowel movement and extrusion of clip device were observed.

RESULTSNo anastomotic complications such as leakage or obstruction were found. The clip was expelled with stool within 12-18 days. All the patients had good results in recovery of bowel function.

CONCLUSIONLapCAC is safe and simple for laparoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Chromium Alloys ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Gastroenterostomy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Jejunum ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Stomach ; surgery ; Stomach Neoplasms ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the transduction efficiency of serotype 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAV) in human lung cancer cell line A549 cells and compare the transduction efficiency of conventional AAV vectors with that of self-complementary AAV (scAAV) vectors. Furthermore, the capacity of A549 cells expressing transgenic CD40L to stimulate dendritic cells (DCs) was evaluated.

METHODSLung cancer A549 cells were infected with 1 x 10(4) particules per cell of AAV encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) or human CD40L driven by CMV promotor, and transgene expression was analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Stimulation of isolated human dendritic cells by CD40L-expressing tumor cells was quantified by measuring secreted interleukin-12 with immunoassay.

RESULTSSerotype AAV2/5 transduced A549 cells much more efficiently than serotypes AAV2/1, AAV2/2, AAV2/6, AAV2/7, AAV2/8, AAV2/9 and AAV2/10. The transduction efficiency of scAAV2/5 was significantly higher than that of conventional AAV2/5. Furthermore, pre-treatment with carboplatin substantially increased AAV-mediated transgene expression. The scAAV2/5 vectors encoding human CD40L was used to generate CD40L. A549 cells transduce by these vectors were co-cultured with immature human DCs. As a consequence, interleukin-12 was released and measured in the culture supernatant. Specificity of immunostimulatory effect of CD40L was confirmed by blocking with a monoclonal antibody binding to human CD40L.

CONCLUSIONscAAV2/5 transduce lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell efficiently, and co-administration of chemotherapeutic agent carboplatin further enhances its transduction efficiency. It is confirmed that lung cancer cells infected with a CD40L-encoding scAAV2/5 construct can activate human DCs to secrete interleukin-12. Our findings provided a basis for future immunotherapeutic approaches including intratumoral transfer of stimulating factors.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; CD40 Ligand ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Carboplatin ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coculture Techniques ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; secretion ; Dependovirus ; classification ; genetics ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; methods ; Interleukin-12 ; secretion ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Serotyping ; Transfection

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the impacts of laparoscopic bariatric surgery on fasting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and Ghrelin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the mechanism in surgical treatment of T2DM.

METHODSFrom March 2010 to August 2011, 44 patients with T2DM underwent laparoscopic bariatric, including laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB, n = 14), laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass (LMGB, n = 11), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG, n = 9) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB, n = 10). The curative effects, changes of metabolism and gastrointestinal hormones were analyzed respectively.

RESULTSWithin 6 months after surgery, the clinical complete remission of T2DM was 11, 8, 6, 3 cases in LRYGB, LMGB, LSG, LAGB group respectively; the clinical partial remission was 3, 3, 2, 4 cases respectively. The inefficacy was 1, 3 patients in LSG and LAGB group respectively. The effects of surgery within 6 months postoperative among 4 groups were different (χ(2) = 8.162, P < 0.05). The levels of body mass index (F = 275.29) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (F = 40.09) of 4 groups were declined in 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.01). The extents of decrease were no significance among 4 groups. Compared to preoperative level, GLP-1 in LRYGB ((116 ± 33) vs. (66 ± 20) ng/L and LMGB group ((103 ± 22) vs. (65 ± 16) ng/L) was higher in the first month after surgery (F = 21.76 and 139.21, P < 0.05). The changes in LSG and LAGB group were no significance (P > 0.05). The level of Ghrelin in LRYGB, LMGB, LSG group at the first week after surgery were (208 ± 79), (275 ± 102) and (258 ± 91) ng/L respectively, and they were lower than preoperative (there were (398 ± 114), (439 ± 96) and (446 ± 105) ng/L, F = 55.08, 49.96 and 46.47, all P < 0.01). But the level of Ghrelin in LRYGB and LMGB groups rebounded in the first postoperative month. The postoperative level of Ghrelin was higher in LAGB group (F = 29.24, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSThere are difference efficacies and impacts on gastrointestinal hormones among different modes of bariatric surgery. The change of gastrointestinal hormones is plausible mechanism of T2DM remission after surgery.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; surgery ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; methods ; Female ; Gastrectomy ; Ghrelin ; metabolism ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity, Morbid ; surgery ; Young Adult

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the outcomes after 2 methods of laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).

METHODSFrom December 2009 to June 2011, 21 patients with T2DM underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery, including laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB, n=11), and laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass (LMGB, n=10). Clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThe clinical complete remission rate of T2DM was 64%(7/11) in LRYGB group, and 60%(6/10) in LMGB group. The clinical partial remission rate of T2DM was 36%(4/11) in LRYGB group, and 40%(4/10) in the LMGB group. There was no significant difference between the two groups(both P>0.05). The levels of BMI, waist circumference, HOMA-IR and HbA1c within the postoperative 6 months were improved in each group (all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups(all P>0.05). There were no conversion or perioperative deaths in both groups. Compared to LMGB, the LRYGB group had longer operative time[(147.0±35.9) min vs. (110.5±39.7) min, P=0.038] and postoperative hospital stay [(8.9±2.3) d vs. (7.1±1.4) d, P=0.046). One patient suffered from ileus in LRYGB group, one patient suffered from reflux esophagitis and one suffered chronic diarrhea in LMGB group. The incidence of postoperative complication was similar between the two groups(P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONLRYGB and LMGB may result in satisfactory and safe effects for the treatment of T2DM, while the LMGB is simpler and associates with quicker recovery.

Adult ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; surgery ; Female ; Gastric Bypass ; methods ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome