Aim To determine the effects of Qiliqian-gxin injected into lateral ventricle on Cardiac function, angiotensin Ⅱ( Ang Ⅱ) , angiotensin converting en-zyme(ACE), angiotensin type 1 receptor(AT1R) and the sympathetic nervous system in the hypothalamic pa-raventricular nucleus of rats with chronic heart failure. Methods Rat model of heart failure was prepared by acute myocardial infarction that was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Four weeks after heart failure, Qiliqiangxin and Losartan were continuously administered via a syringe pump in-jector connected to lateral ventricle. After four weeks, echocardiogram was used to evaluate the cardiac func-tion and HE was used to observe myocardial tissue morphology, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure plasma norepinephrine( NE) , ser-um NT-proBNP and Ang Ⅱ in the paraventricular nu-cleus. The expression of ACE and AT1 R at mRNA and protein levels in the paraventricular nucleus was deter-mined by Real-time PCR and Western blot, and the RSNA was measured by PowerLab in anesthetized rats. Results Compared with the sham control, the cardiac function was significantly lower while the AngII, ACE, AT1 R expression in the paraventricular nucleus and RSNA were significantly increased in rats with heart failure. Compared with heart failure control, Qiliqian-gxin and Losartan decreased the RSNA and the AngII, ACE, AT1 R expression in the paraventricular nucleus. Conclusion Giving traditional Chinese medicine to the lateral ventricles can decrease the activation of the RAS system, reduce the renal sympathetic nerve activi-ty and improve cardiac function.

Aim To observe the effect of“Ying-nutrient and Wei-defense unblocking collaterals prescription”on the carotid sympathetic nerve in early atherosclero-sis. Methods The rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups:Control group, high-fat group, Complex mod-el group, GSTL-H group, GSTL-L group and ATO group. The control group was fed with common food-stuffs, High-fat group with high-fat diet to build early atherosclerosis model, and all the other groups with high-fat diet combined with carotid artery cannula to build early atherosclerosis carotid artery injury rabbit model. All groups were given corresponding medicines intragastrically once a day for 4 weeks. The GSTL-H and GSTL-L group was given Guishaotongluo ultrafine powder 0. 6 g·kg-1·d-1, 0. 3 g·kg-1·d-1, and the ATO group was given suspension of atorvastain so-lution 2. 5 mg · kg-1 · d-1 . Biochemical method was used to detect blood lipid change. HE staining was ap-plied to observe the pathological morphology of intima-media, The content of NE in the carotid arterial was detected by ELISA. The immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the protein expression of NGF, TH around the carotid arterial. The expression of NGF, TH in the carotid artery adventitia was detected by Western blot. Results Compared with normal group, the levels of TC,TG and LDL-C in high-fat group and complex model group were significantly increased( P<0. 01). The degree of the intimal hyperplasia,the con-tent of NE and sympathetic density ( NGF, TH protein expression and distribution ) of the cartoid artery in complex model group were heavier compared with those in high-fat group; the lipid levels, degree of the inti-mal hyperplasia and sympathetic density ( NGF, TH protein expression and distribution ) in the GSTL-H, GSTL-L group were milder in varying degrees compa-ring with those in the complex model group(P<0. 05, P<0. 01 ) . Conclusion “Ying-nutrient and Wei-de-fense unblocking collaterals prescription” can reduce rabbit carotid atherosclerosis, and the mechanism may be related to regulating the sympathetic nerve of arterial wall.

Objective To observe the difference in treament of thoracolumbar vertebral bodies fractures be- tween AF nail and Dick nail.Methods From March 1998 to March 2007,85 cases of thoracolumbar vertebral bod- ies fractures were followed up.20 cases were fixed with Dick nail,and 65 cases with AF nail.Results The mean,fol- low-up period was 12 months.By comparison of the operating rime,bleeding amount,the recovery rate of vertebral height,the reduction of Cobb angle and capacity of vertebral canal,AF nail was much better than Dick nail.But there was no marked difference in the recover of nerve function.Conclusion AF nail has more power to reduce vertebral height and is easier to set than Dick nail.It will be worthy of more and wider application in basic level hospitals.

Objective To survey and analyze the factors that may affect the results of human-ities education about master degree postgraduates, and provide the basis and reference for traditional medical humanities education reform. Methods By using the self-made questionnalre, a survey was conducted among 100 medical postgraduates of a university. Questionnalre items included basic infor-mation of the postgraduates, humanities-related extracurricular experiences, whether there had been personal experiences corresponding to these options or these experiences affected the attitude of hu-manistic education options. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software and the results were expressed by the relative number. The differences between different gender, marriage and differ-ent specialty student satisfaction were analyzed by using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, showing no statistical significance (P>0.05). Results Respondents believed that the highest rate of the top four which supported the experiences that promoted humanistic education were clinic volunteer activi-ties, interpersonal harmony, rescuing the patient experiences and illness experiences, accounting for 95.8%(91/95), 92.6%(88/95), 89.5%(85/95) and 88.4%(84/95), respectively. On the other hand, the highest rate of the top four that impeded humanities education-related experiences were academic stress, workload, limited communication and lack of humane care, accounting for 100.0% (95/95), 95.8%(91/95), 91.6% (87/95) and 84.2% (80/95) respectively. In addition, different types of students' attitude towards experiences that may have impact on the humanistic education were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion Humanities education in medical colleges should not be limited to classroom instruction form. We should broaden humanistic education approach, flexible assessment methods of humanities, to enhance the effect of humanities education.

Objective To observe the display and source of the artery located at anterolateral region next to pancreatic head on en-hanced CT,and to investigate its clinical value.Methods Imaging data of 200 consecutive patients who underwent abdominal CT scan were collected,and their CT images were analyzed.The reconstructed images were obtained at a post-processing workstation. After reconstruction,the display rate,source and branches of the artery located at anterolateral region next to pancreatic head were analyzed,and the diameters of these vessels were measured.Results The arterial vessel located at anterolateral region next to pan-creatic head was found on axial CT image in arterial phase with a display rate of 100%.By using post-reconstruction images,most vessels were gastroduodenal artery with mean diameter of 0.33 cm± 0.05 cm,and other ones were pancreaticoduodenal artery or right gastroomental artery.Conclusion The artery located at anterolateral region next to pancreatic head can be found on axial ab-dominal CT image in the arterial phase.Most vessels are gastroduodenal artery with a fixed position and traveling.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the transient outward potassium channel protein expression in paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and its contribution to renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in rats with chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS:A rat model of CHF was prepared by acute myocardial infarction that was induced by ligation of the left ante -rior descending coronary artery .Four weeks after heart failure , echocardiogram was applied to identify the CHF model and plasma norepinephrine (NE), serum NH2-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were detected by ELISA. The expression of ransient outward potassium channel proteins Kv 4.2 and Kv4.3 at mRNA and protein levels was deter-mined by real-time PCR and Western blot .The mean arterial pressure ( MAP) , heart rate ( HR) and RSNA were measured in anesthetized rats with PVN microinjection of potassium channel blockers 4-AP.RESULTS:In CHF group , the rat car-diac function and Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 expression in PVN were obviously lower while plasma NE and serum NT-proBNP were obviously higher than those in sham group .Microinjection of 4-AP into PVN induced an increase in MAP , HR and RSNA in both sham and CHF rats , while the CHF rats exhibited smaller responses to 4-AP than sham-operated rats .CONCLU-SION:Downregulation of Kv4.2 and Kv4.3 expression in the PVN may be a potential mechanism for sympathoexciation in the rats with chronic heart failure .

This article introduces ethical problems emerging in the imaging trials in clinical practice,and stresses the importance of protecting the privacy of volunteers and patients,and their legal rights of informed consent.This article also stresses the importance of the respect for the basic human right of volunteers and patients,and puts forward some countermeasures to promote the efficiency and reasonable supervision system in the clinical trials.Last but not least,it also emphasizes the significance of a personalized-style of care for volunteers and patients.

Aim To investigate the damage of mitochondria in HUVECs cells by iron overload and the role of ADMA/eNOS/DDAHⅡ in it.Methods HUVECs cells were cultured and randomly divided into normal control (Ctrl) group, dextran iron (Iron) group and L-arginine (L-Arg) group.After 48 h, the survival rate of cells was detected by MTT assay;ADMA content and DDAHⅡactivity were measured by HPLC method;the expression of eNOS was determined by Western blot;LDH activity, MDA and NO content, and mitochondrial permeability transition pores(mPTP) openness were determined by colorimetric assay;ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry.Results After 48 h treatment with iron, the survival rate of HUVECs significantly decreased, while the activity of LDH in culture medium increased.The results showed that ADMA and MDA content significantly increased, NO content, DDAHⅡactivity, and the expression of eNOS markedly decreased, the generation of ROS was evidently elevated, mitochondrial membrane potential was lost apparently, mPTP openness was obvious, and the apoptosis of the HUVECs were worsened.However, as ADMA physiological antagonist, L-Arg significantly attenuated the above effects of iron.Conclusion Iron overload could damage mitochondrial function by eNOS and induce the apoptosis of HUVECs, in which ADMA/DDAHⅡ mechanism may also be engaged.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of small hepatocellular carcinoma to improve the accuracy in the diagnosis.

METHODSThis retrospective analysis involved 41 patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma cases confirmed by pathological examination of the biopsy samples or follow-up. These patients were assessed for CT and MRI findings including lesion size, density or signal intensity, enhancement patterns, and presence of tumor capsules.

RESULTSOn unenhanced CT images, small hepatocellular carcinomas were displayed mainly as low-density masses, and the majority of tumors presented with low signal intensity on T1-weighted unenhanced MR images with increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images in comparison with the surrounding liver parenchyma. Most of tumors showed intense enhancement during the arterial phase (CT in 15 cases and MRI in 13 cases), but some appeared isointense to the liver parenchyma (CT in 4 cases and MRI in 4 cases). In portal and delayed phases, the tumors typically had lower signal intensity than that of the surrounding liver tissues (CT in 25 cases and MRI in 12 cases) with enhancement of the tumor capsules (13 cases).

CONCLUSIONDynamic enhanced scanning can be more informative of the pathology and blood supply of small hepatocellular carcinoma. Early and late arterial phase imaging may help in detecting the small lesions and in making differential diagnosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The biomechanical stability of Zero-Profile anterior cervical interbody fusion cage(Zero-P)was introduced when used for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF),and the efficacy of Zero-P was reviewed for treating cervical dege-nerative diseases such as single-and two-segment,intersegmental and multisegmental spondylotic cervical spondylolisthesis.The advantages of Zero-P were described in reducing the incidence rates of postoperative dysphagia and adjacent segment degeneration,and the disadvantages and countermeasures were put forward.References were provided for enhancing the efficacy of Zero-P for treating cervical degenerative diseases.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(9):103-109]