Objective To evaluate the influence of the resolution of medical grayscale LCD over the detective efficiency of pulmonary nodule.Methods By reviewing PACS, 93 on-line chest DR images were collected.These radiographs included 23 normal images that had no nodule confirmed by CT, 32 doubtful images that also had no nodule confirmed by CT,and 38 positive images that had nodules confirmed by CT.These nodules didn't show obvious calcification and their diameters were from 0.30 to 1.90 cm. Nine patients had multi-nodules.Three residents or postgraduates, three attending physicians, and three associate professors or professors interpreted the 93 chest images by using three types of displays: Barco Z-2261, Barco Z-3620 and Barco Z-5620.All observers evaluated their confidence of the presence of pulmonary nodule with five-point level rating scale : ( 1 ) definitely positive, ( 2 ) probably positive, ( 3 ) uncertain, (4) probably negative, (5)definitely negative.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the results ,including to draw the ROC curves and to perform Z test.Results The areas under the ROC curves of 2 M display, 3 M display and 5 M display were 0.774,0.784,0.816 for experienced radiologists; for instructors were 0.754,0.764,0.768 ;for teaching assistants were 0.695,0.754,0.774.However, for the detection of pulmonary nodules,there was no significant difference between observers with different ranks using the same modality of display,and no significant difference was found between the different modalities of displays used by observers with the same rank.Conclusion It's equivalent for detection performance with 2,3 and 5 M medical grayscale LCD display in detecting pulmonary nodule; Experienced radiologists can get more information using 5 M display;By reasonably matching displays, we could improve the cost-efficacy.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is a low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and the radiation therapy is the primary choice. It's 5 year survival rate may reach 64.4%, while 10.0% cases may suffer from the local recurrence. The salvage radiation or surgery is still the main choice for recurrent cases now. However the recurrent tumor become radiation insensitive and meanwhile, morbidity and mortality become higher. The experience of open salvage surgery on the recurrent radiation insensitive tumor had been proved safely, and the related morbidity and mortality are acceptable. Recently, the endoscopic salvage surgery has been developed, some preliminary experience has been obtained and the result looks promising. In this article, the pathobiological characteristics of the postradiation local recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer, the anatomy of nasopharyngus and related skull base area, especially the petroclival region and current situation of endonasal endoscopic salvage surgery were reviewed here. Basic principle of oncological surgery that endoscopic surgery should followed and possible endoscopic surgical approaches were proposed.
Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Radiation Tolerance ; Salvage Therapy ; methods ; Skull Base ; Survival Rate

Objective To investigate the effect of donors' activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (aKIR) on recipients prognosis post haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods Fifty-nine cases of related HLA full matched HSCT were studied. Sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was used to type donors' KIR. Virus,bacterium,and fungi infection as well as bleeding,relapse,survival were observed in the recipients post transplantation. Relationship between aKIR and clinical indexes mentioned above were analyzed.Results Donors' aKIR showed no beneficial effects on recipients' virus and bacterium infection. Furthermore,the incidence of fungi infection was increased in HSCT if donors expressed KIR3DS1 (?2= 4.804 ,P= 0.028 ). No significant difference was found in survival curve between donor aKIR positive HSCT or negative one (KIR2DS1+/-: P= 0.651 ; KIR2DS2+/-: P= 0.847 ; KIR3DS1+/-: P= 0.341 ). No effect of donor's aKIR on relapse was observed,too.Conclusion In Guangdong Han,so far as related HLA full matched HSCT is concerned,no improvement in recipient prognosis due to donor's aKIR is verified.

Objective:To study the characteristics of high school students' coping styles when they faced frustrations and troubles,and the relationship between coping style and academic achievement.Methods:649 high school students completed questionnaire about middle school students' coping styles.Results:Girls were more inclined to use venting(2.7?0.7/2.4?0.7,F=23.32,P

Objective To study the function and mechanism of GIT1(G protein coupled receptor kinase interacting protein 1)in osteoblast migration.Methods GIT1 and ERK1/2(Extracellular Signal-regulated ki- nase 1/2)were detected in mice primary osteoblasts.The localizations of GIT1 and ERK1/2 were determined by immunofluorescence stain with or without PDGF(platelet-derived grnwth factor)stimulation.The association of GIT1 anti ERK1/2 was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation and western blot.After stimulation,the co-localization of GIT1 and pERK1/2 in osteoblasts was detected by double-immunnfluorescence stain.The pERK1/2 localization was detected by immunofluorescence stain after GIT1RNAh adenovirus infection of osteoblasts.The role of this associa- tion was determined by wound healing assay.Results The co-immunoprecipitation results showed that GIT1 in- teracted with ERK1/2 in osteoblasts induced by PDGF and this association occurred in focal adhesions.GIT1 RNAh adenovirus significantly inhibited the pERK1/2 translocation to focal adhesions and osteoblast migration induced by PDGF.Conclusion GIT1 associates with ERK1/2 in osteoblasts,which is required for pERK1/2 translocation to focal adhesions and osteoblast migration.

Objective To study the effect of long-term salmon calcitonin on bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism biochemical indicators and subjective score of bone pain in maintenance hemedialysis (MHD) patients with osteopenia. Methods Thirty-four MHD patients diagnosed as osteopenia by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXEA) were enrolled in this study. All the patients were treated with hypodermic injection of salmon calcitonin (50 U, thrice a week) for 12 months. The detecting parameters were as follows: BMD with DEXA in lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, troch, inter, and Ward's triangle before and after the study;serum bone metabolism biochemical indicators before and 6 and 12 months after the study;subjective scores of bone pain before and 1, 6, and 12 months after the study. Results Thirty-two patients were followed-up successfully. As compared to BMD parameters before study, the total T-score (-1.98± 2.20 vs 1.26±1.88, P=0.009) and total Z-score (-0.90±2.15 vs 0.08±2.05, P=0.002) of lumbar spine, the total T-score (-1.72±1.53 vs 1.06±1.58, P=0.016) and totle Z-score (-0.66±0.80 vs 0.08±1.08, P=0.029) of hip, the T-score of L3 (-2.02±2.51 vs 1.24±2.02, P=0.033), the Z-score of L2 (-0.44±1.82 vs 0.06±1.63, P=0.016), the Z-score of femoral troch (-0.65±1.11 vs 0.48±1.12, P=0.034) and the Z-score of inter (-0.58±0.94 vs 0.02±1.12, P=0.006) were increased significantly after study. But there were no significant differences in other examined regions and serum biochemical parameters. The subjective scores of bone pain were decreased rapidly for 41.7% after 1 month (P<0.01) and 76.6% after 6 months (P<0.01). The subjective score of bone pain after 12 months was similar to 6 months. The side effects of salmon calcitonin included nausea and vomitting in 5 cases (14.71%, 5/34), dizziness, blushing and flustered in 1 case respectively (3.13%,1/32). Conclusions Long-term hypodermic injection of salmon calcitonin can improve BMD and bone pain for MHD patients with osteopenia but has no significant effect on serum bone metabolism biochemical indicators. Salmon calcitonin is safe for MHD patients with seldom side effects, such as nausea and vomitting.

OBJECTIVE To undersand neurosurgical hospital infection characteristics and bacterial resistance,and to provide reference information for the rational use of antibacterial drugs in clinics.METHODS Using the combined methods of initiative monitoring and recalling system to carry on the clinical informations' statistics,the analysis and the judgment for the 880 inpatients in the neurosurgery department in 2005.RESULTS The rate of neurosurgical hospital infection was 16.36%,significantly higher than the hospital average rate(9.18%) at the same period.Neurosurgical hospital infection pathogens were mainly Gram-negative bacteria.Infection sites occurred mainly in urinary tract(44.44%),followed by lower respiratory tract(35.42%).Sixty strains were Escherichia coli(20.2%),34 strains(11.44%) for Enterococcus faecium(D group),25 strains(8.42%) for Acinetobacter baumannii,25 strains(8.42%) for Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and 18 strains(6.06%) for Klebsiella pneumoniae.CONCLUSIONS Systematic monitoring of neurosurgical hospital infection characteristics and dynamics of bacterial resistance has important clinical reference significance to the rational use of antibacterial drugs.

OBJECTIVE To understand the characteristic of hospital infection among tumor patients and give information to reduce the tumor patients with hospital infection.METHODS Using the methods of initiative monitoring and the system review to carry on the statistics,analysis,and evaluation for the total of 2679 tumor patients occurred in Department of Oncology in Shaoxing People′s Hospital in 2005.RESULTS Among them there were 120 cases occurred hospital infection.The rate of hospital infection was 4.47%.The patients who infected one time were 179 cases,two times were 31 cases,and over three times were 10 cases.The main infected sites were respiratory tract including upper respiratory tract(38 cases) and lower respiratory tract(36 cases),followed by alimentary tract(10 cases),blood(9 cases),surgical incision infection(8 cases),urinary tract(6 cases) and the other locations(13 cases).CONCLUSIONS The main prevention and control measures of hospital infection among tumor patients are to improve the body immunity and control endogenous infections.