Objective To evaluate the influence of the resolution of medical grayscale LCD over the detective efficiency of pulmonary nodule.Methods By reviewing PACS, 93 on-line chest DR images were collected.These radiographs included 23 normal images that had no nodule confirmed by CT, 32 doubtful images that also had no nodule confirmed by CT,and 38 positive images that had nodules confirmed by CT.These nodules didn't show obvious calcification and their diameters were from 0.30 to 1.90 cm. Nine patients had multi-nodules.Three residents or postgraduates, three attending physicians, and three associate professors or professors interpreted the 93 chest images by using three types of displays: Barco Z-2261, Barco Z-3620 and Barco Z-5620.All observers evaluated their confidence of the presence of pulmonary nodule with five-point level rating scale : ( 1 ) definitely positive, ( 2 ) probably positive, ( 3 ) uncertain, (4) probably negative, (5)definitely negative.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the results ,including to draw the ROC curves and to perform Z test.Results The areas under the ROC curves of 2 M display, 3 M display and 5 M display were 0.774,0.784,0.816 for experienced radiologists; for instructors were 0.754,0.764,0.768 ;for teaching assistants were 0.695,0.754,0.774.However, for the detection of pulmonary nodules,there was no significant difference between observers with different ranks using the same modality of display,and no significant difference was found between the different modalities of displays used by observers with the same rank.Conclusion It's equivalent for detection performance with 2,3 and 5 M medical grayscale LCD display in detecting pulmonary nodule; Experienced radiologists can get more information using 5 M display;By reasonably matching displays, we could improve the cost-efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effect of donors' activating killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (aKIR) on recipients prognosis post haemopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Methods Fifty-nine cases of related HLA full matched HSCT were studied. Sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) was used to type donors' KIR. Virus,bacterium,and fungi infection as well as bleeding,relapse,survival were observed in the recipients post transplantation. Relationship between aKIR and clinical indexes mentioned above were analyzed.Results Donors' aKIR showed no beneficial effects on recipients' virus and bacterium infection. Furthermore,the incidence of fungi infection was increased in HSCT if donors expressed KIR3DS1 (?2= 4.804 ,P= 0.028 ). No significant difference was found in survival curve between donor aKIR positive HSCT or negative one (KIR2DS1+/-: P= 0.651 ; KIR2DS2+/-: P= 0.847 ; KIR3DS1+/-: P= 0.341 ). No effect of donor's aKIR on relapse was observed,too.Conclusion In Guangdong Han,so far as related HLA full matched HSCT is concerned,no improvement in recipient prognosis due to donor's aKIR is verified.

Nasopharyngeal cancer is a low differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, and the radiation therapy is the primary choice. It's 5 year survival rate may reach 64.4%, while 10.0% cases may suffer from the local recurrence. The salvage radiation or surgery is still the main choice for recurrent cases now. However the recurrent tumor become radiation insensitive and meanwhile, morbidity and mortality become higher. The experience of open salvage surgery on the recurrent radiation insensitive tumor had been proved safely, and the related morbidity and mortality are acceptable. Recently, the endoscopic salvage surgery has been developed, some preliminary experience has been obtained and the result looks promising. In this article, the pathobiological characteristics of the postradiation local recurrent nasopharyngeal cancer, the anatomy of nasopharyngus and related skull base area, especially the petroclival region and current situation of endonasal endoscopic salvage surgery were reviewed here. Basic principle of oncological surgery that endoscopic surgery should followed and possible endoscopic surgical approaches were proposed.
Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Radiation Tolerance ; Salvage Therapy ; methods ; Skull Base ; Survival Rate

Objective To study the effect of long-term salmon calcitonin on bone mineral density (BMD), bone metabolism biochemical indicators and subjective score of bone pain in maintenance hemedialysis (MHD) patients with osteopenia. Methods Thirty-four MHD patients diagnosed as osteopenia by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXEA) were enrolled in this study. All the patients were treated with hypodermic injection of salmon calcitonin (50 U, thrice a week) for 12 months. The detecting parameters were as follows: BMD with DEXA in lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, troch, inter, and Ward's triangle before and after the study;serum bone metabolism biochemical indicators before and 6 and 12 months after the study;subjective scores of bone pain before and 1, 6, and 12 months after the study. Results Thirty-two patients were followed-up successfully. As compared to BMD parameters before study, the total T-score (-1.98± 2.20 vs 1.26±1.88, P=0.009) and total Z-score (-0.90±2.15 vs 0.08±2.05, P=0.002) of lumbar spine, the total T-score (-1.72±1.53 vs 1.06±1.58, P=0.016) and totle Z-score (-0.66±0.80 vs 0.08±1.08, P=0.029) of hip, the T-score of L3 (-2.02±2.51 vs 1.24±2.02, P=0.033), the Z-score of L2 (-0.44±1.82 vs 0.06±1.63, P=0.016), the Z-score of femoral troch (-0.65±1.11 vs 0.48±1.12, P=0.034) and the Z-score of inter (-0.58±0.94 vs 0.02±1.12, P=0.006) were increased significantly after study. But there were no significant differences in other examined regions and serum biochemical parameters. The subjective scores of bone pain were decreased rapidly for 41.7% after 1 month (P<0.01) and 76.6% after 6 months (P<0.01). The subjective score of bone pain after 12 months was similar to 6 months. The side effects of salmon calcitonin included nausea and vomitting in 5 cases (14.71%, 5/34), dizziness, blushing and flustered in 1 case respectively (3.13%,1/32). Conclusions Long-term hypodermic injection of salmon calcitonin can improve BMD and bone pain for MHD patients with osteopenia but has no significant effect on serum bone metabolism biochemical indicators. Salmon calcitonin is safe for MHD patients with seldom side effects, such as nausea and vomitting.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; toxicity ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; toxicity ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors ; Young Adult

Endoscopy ; Humans ; Skull Base ; anatomy & histology ; surgery

Animals ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Morphine Dependence ; metabolism ; Neurotrophin 3 ; metabolism ; Prosencephalon ; metabolism

By Silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and other materials for isolation and purification and by physicochemical methods and spectral analysis for structural identification, 23 compounds were isolated and identified from ethyl acetate portion of alcohol extract solution of Osmanthus fragrans fruits. Their structures were identified as nicotinamide (1), D-allitol (2), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde (3), acetyloleanolic acid (4), benzoic acid (5), ergosta-7,22-dien-3-one (6), beta-sitosterol (7), borreriagenin (8), cerevistero (9), c-veratroylglycol (10), methyl-2-O-beta-glucopyranosylbenzoate (11), 3', 7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavon (12), umbelliferone (13), caffeic acid methyl ester (14), oleanolic acid (15), (-) -chicanine (16), dillapiol (17), 3beta,5alpha, 9alpha-trihydroxyergosta-7-22-dien-6-one (18), 2alpha-hydroxy-oleanolic acid (19), betulinic acid (20), betulin (21), 3, 3'-bisdemethylpinoresinol (22), and lupeol (23). All compounds were isolated from the osmanthus fruit for the first time. Except for compounds 4, 7, 15, 19, 23, the rest ones were isolated from the this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Oleaceae ; chemistry