Animals ; Apoptosis ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Male ; Neurons ; pathology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stress, Psychological ; pathology

Objective To investigate the effects of surgery-induced menopause on neuropsychological symptoms in women with perimenopause. Methods Sixty-eight women with perimenopause who underwent bilateral oophorectomy for benign indications were evaluated by the modified Kupperman index on the perimenopause syndrome pre-and post-surgery,including the score in neuropsychological symptoms.Patients were further requested to remake a decision on the acceptance of surgery,and were divided into "accept the surgery" group(n=30) and "postpone the surgery" group(n=38).The neuropsychological symptoms were reevaluated and comparison was made between these two groups. Results The prevalence of perimenopause syndrome pre-surgery was 67.65%(22/68),and that of moderate and severe symptoms was 30.88%.The prevalence of perimenopause syndrome post-surery(97.06%)(66/68)was significantly increased,as well as that of moderate and severe symptoms(70.59%)(P

Ovarian cancer is the disease with a high mortality in gynecologic malignant tumors. Most patients had metastasis once diagnosed, and the invasion and metastasis are considered as the main reasons contributing to patients' death. The process of invasion and metastasis is complicated, involving multiple genes and steps which are related to diverse elements. In recent years, with the more and more research in the mechanism of tumor metastasis, it has found that a great deal of genes plays a significant role in invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer. In this paper, it reviews the important advances about the role of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) and high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) in the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer.

ObjectiveTo study the pulmonary arterial development over five years in patients underwent extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection (ETCPC).Methods43 survived patients,who had undergone ETCPC were examined with pulmonary perfusion at one month and five year following the operation.Central venous pressure (CVP) and arterial oxygenation saturation (SatO2 ％ ) were measured by right cardiac catheter,pulmonary arterial index (PAI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were calculated.Pulmonary blood distribution were measured and calculated by 99m Tc-MAA perfusion imaging.ResultsThe PAI and PVR of the follow-up group reduced significantly ( t =2.41,P ＜ 0.05 ; t =2.08,P ＜ 0.05 ),CVP also reduced significantly ( t =2.69,P ＜ 0.05 ),but SatO2 ％ did not changed significantly.Total radionuclide counts and the ratio of rightorleft pulmonary perfusion did not change significantly.( t =0.38,P ＞ 0.05 ;t =1.12,P ＞ 0.05 ),but the ratio of the superior and inferior lobe decreased significantly( t =2.54,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe weak pulsation and low dynamic of Fontan circulation also can promote pulmonary vascular development.However,the improvement of hemodynamic in pulmonary circulation at mid-term follow will not lead to an increased amount of pulmonary perfusion or oxygen supply,which is probably due to the massive opening of the arteriovenous shunt and increased futile circulation.

Objectives To investigate the significance of electronic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in diagno-sis and treatment in children with pulmonary mass lesion. Methods A total of 74 hospitalized children from January 2011 to June 2012 whose imaging examinations showed massive patchy shadow were examined and treated by electronic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results The major cause for the massive shadow was infection according to electronic bronchoscopy examination (68/74, 91.89%), 65 cases of them were lobar pneumonia, 3 cas-es were pulmonary tuberculosis followed by 5 cases of foreign body (6.76%) and one case of pneumorrhagia (1.35%).The lower left lung was the most frequently seen site of infection, followed by lower right lung. The agreement between infection sites and imaging examination was 97.30%. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed that the primary pathogen of lobar pneumonia infection is Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) (42/65, 64.62%). The highest detection rate of MP was found in preschool group and the detec-tion rate between different age groups indicated statistically significant difference (P<0.01). The imaging examination showed pulmonary lesions in 61.54%children with lobar pneumonia improved significantly in one week. The improvement rate of pul-monary lesions was higher in infected children with short duration (1-2 weeks, 90.91%) between disease onset and electronic bronchoscopy inspection than those with longer duration (2-3 weeks, 51.72% and >3 weeks, 35.71%) (P<0.05). Conclusions Electronic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage play dual roles in etiological diagnosis and therapy in children with pulmo-nary mass lesion.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of astragalosides (AST) on the anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injured neuron in rat.

METHODSPrimary cultured rat's hippocampal neurons were made into A/R model cells. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase releasing methods; the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitride oxide (NO) in culture supernate were detected; the apoptosis rate of hippocampal neurons after A/R was measured by flow cytometry with double-staining of Hoechst33258 and AnnexinV-PI; and intracellular calcium ion [Ca2+]i was observed with a cofocal laser-scanning microscope and determined by fluorescent probe Fluo-3/AM.

RESULTSAST enhanced the cell viability of neurons after A/R injury, increased SOD activity and decreased the MDA and NO contents in supernate, reduced the A/R-induced apoptosis and decreased the calcium overload in neurons.

CONCLUSIONAST has the protective effects on A/R injured neurons, the mechanism is possibly related with its anti-oxidation and calcium overload reducing actions.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; drug effects ; Female ; Fetus ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Primary Cell Culture ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; pharmacology

Objective To assess the value of thickness and arterial resistive index (RI) of wrist synovium in differentiation from activity to non-activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Ninety-two clinically confirmed RA patients underwent high frequency ultrasonography. Maximum thickness and arterial RI of the wrist synovium were measured in active and nonactive stage. Results Thickened synovium was found in 75 of 92 patients. Color signal in the synovium was detected and then RI was measured in 67 patients, including 31 in active stage and 36 in nonactive stage. The wrist synovium thickness of 67 patients was (2.97±1.49) mm and arterial RI was 0.74±0.17. RI decreased significantly in patients in active stage compared with that in nonactive stage (P<0.001). Conclusion Arterial RI measurement with high frequency ultrasonography may be served as an objective marker of synovial membrane disease in RA. The thickness of synovium cannot predict the activity of RA.

Objective To investigate the correlation between plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level and cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) band leukoaraiosis (LA) in patients with acute stroke.Methods The clinical and imaging data of patients with acute stroke were analyzed retrospectively.The numbers of CMBs were counted and the severity of LA was graded according to the results of MRI.Fasting venous samples were obtained and the plasma Hey concentration was measured the next day after admission.Results A total of 139 patients with acute stroke were enrolled,67 of them were females and 72 were males (mean age 70.1 ± 10.2 years); 24 had hemorrhagic stroke and 115 had ischemic stroke.The age (76.23 ± 8.74 years vs.64.58 ± 7.42 years;t =4.621,P =0.012) hypertension ratio (89.13％ vs.67.74％ ;x2 =8.324,P =0.0 370) and plasma Hey level (14.53 ± 4.31 mmol/L vs.11.31 ±3.16 mmol/L;t =6.538,P=0.008| in a severe LA group (n=46) were significantly higher than those in a non-severe LA group (n =93).Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was significant correlation between the plasma Hcy level and the severity of LA (rs =0.365,P =0.002).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the increased Hey level (odds ratio [ OR ],1.366,95％confidence interval [ CI] 1.141 - 1.526; P =0.010) and age (OR 1.093,95％ CI 1.031 - 1.162; P =0.016)were the independent risk factors for severe LA.The age (74.37 ± 6.35 years vs.67.56 ± 8.52 years; t =6.628,P =0.038) and hypertension ratio (94.74％ vs.62.20％;x2 =8.773,P =0.002) in a CBM group were significantly higher than those in a non-CMB group (n =82).Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was no significant correlation between the plasma Hcy level and the numbers of CBMs (rs =0.038,P =0.813).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension was an independent risk factor for CBMs.Conclusions The elevated plasma Hcy level was associated with LA,but it was not associated with CBMs.

Objective To assess the results of the Fontan procedure in patients with visceroatrial heterotaxy syndrome and complex cardiac anomalies.Methods From April 2002 through December 2010,25 patients (male 10,female 15) had undergone the Fontan procedure for heterotaxy syndrome or atrial isomerism and complex congenital heart disease 28 times.Median age at operation was (9.1 ± 5.5) years (2 to 18 years).Heterotaxy syndrome were associated with right atrial isomerism (n =18) or left atrial isomerism (n =7),asplenia (n =13) or polysplenia (n =7),double inlet of left ventricle (n =15),double inlet and outlet of left ventricle (n =5),double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary atresia (n =2) and with pulmonary stenosis (n =1),tricuspid or mitral atresia (n =2).A bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt was performed in 8 patients (bilateral in 3 patients).A cavopulmonary shunt placement,so-called Kawashima operation,was performed in 4 patients.An extracardiac conduit Fontan connection was pefformed in 15 patients and intracardiac lateral tunnel Fontan connection in one patient.Results 2 patients died in hospital caused by ventricular failure.Five patients developed early postoperative atrial arrhythmias and 2 patients had sinus node dysfunction.Mean arterial oxygen saturation at discharge was 0.86 ± 0.07 (range,0.78 to 1.00).Follow-up (range,0.5 to 7 years) was available on 15 patients.Mean arterial oxygen saturation was 0.82 ±0.08 (range,0.68 to 0.97).Ventricular function was normal in 13 patients (EF range,0.50 to 0.66) and depressed in 2 patients.Four patients had a junctional rhythm.Conclusion The Fontan procedure was still the main procedure for patients with visceroatrial heterotaxy syndrome and complex cardiac anomalies,which can reach satisfactory early and medium-term results.The choice of Fontan procedure,extracardiac conduit Fontan connection,aggressive treatment of concomitant malformations were essential to improve the outcomes.

Objective To learn current status and influentcing factors of post competency among preventive medicine graduates from a medical university,in order to provide evidence for the improvement of post competency preventive medicine graduates.Methods We adopted stratified sampling strategy,chose 1 provincial,1 municipal and 2 county level CDCs,used self-developed questionnaires to survey preventive medicine graduates from a specific medical university.Clustering analysis,correlation analysis,Logistic regression and rank-sum test were applied to analyze data.Results Among all respondents,26 (40.63％) reported that they were totally competent on their posts,the rest 38 (59.37％) reported ordinary post competency.We found 7 factors that were significantly associated with post competency:fondness of the job,whether proactive on the job,whether responsible to the job,et al.Conclusion Post competency of preventive medicine graduates from this particular medical university exceeded preventive medicine graduates from Xinjiang Medical University.However,there still exists some problems for improvement.We recommend that universities and working units should improve post competency of preventive medicine students based on those influential factors we identified.