Using the tissue culture technology to achieve the fast propagation of P.ternata and through the photosynthetic characters and yield comparison,two high-yield indivaduals were obtained. The result showed that the coefficent of propagation can get to 1∶6.23 per generation, through 3 month culture the average diameter of the in vitro tuber can get 0.88 cm. P.ternata was a typical shade-plant, of which LCP was only 700?mol?photons/s?m2. Photo-inhibition was observed among all the three leaf-types of P.ternata, and the willow leaf type showed the most obvious photo-inhibition. Both of the light response Pn curve and single tuber weight were significant different among leaf styles. Result for studying the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that all the difference of NPQ, qP and qN among three leaf-types of P.ternata were significant and the difference of potential-photosynthetic productivity among them was significant. The willow leaf style had the strongest light-tolerance capacity.The individuals of T2(peach-leaf type) had the highest Pn and single tuber weight among 11 superior individuals and the individuals of L2(willow-leaf type) showed the strongest light-tolerance capacity. Through 6 month propagation ten thousands in virto tuber of T2 and L2 each were gotten. And after growing in Wenzhou experimental base for one year, the total gross weight of the high-yield individual tuber get to 100kg each.

Objective Imatinib mesylate (IM) is the most active agent in treating chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (DAC) is a cytosine analogue that inhibits DNA methylation and the activity in myeloid leukemia. Therefore,we investigated combining these two drugs in human leukemia cell line K562. Methods The effects of IM and DAC was examined in K562 cells including cell viability using MTT method,cell cycle phase and cell death using flow cytometric (FCM),and the expression of bcr-abl mRNA by RT-PCR. Results Both DAC and IM resulted in time and concentration-dependent induction of cell death. DAC and IM in combination produced a greater inhibition of growth against K562 cells (F =43.947,165.580,321.193,296.101,P<0.05). The main effect and interaction between two drugs was statistically significant (F = 202.759,168.457,417.538,P <0.001) after 24 h,48 h,72 h and a greater reduction in expression of bcr-abl mRNA than either agent alone. The difference was statistically significant (F =71.981,P <0.05). The number of G1 phase cells were increased significantly when induced by single agent. 48 h incubation with IM 0.2 μmol/L alone or combined with DAC 4 μmol/L showed 6.7 %,8.4 % pre-apoptosis cells,respectively. After incubation for 48 h with DAC 4 μmol/L,the expression of mRNA were decreased by 14 %,IM 0.2 μmol/L showed 40 % reduction,and combination group were significantly depressed for the mRNA expression by 60 %. Conclusion The combination of DAC and IM showed synergistic effects on cell death in K562 cells. These data suggested that DAC used in combination with IM has clinical potential in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.

To analyze the reasons of impaired vision after LASlK and explore its preventive treatment measures preliminarily.METHODS: ln this retrospective study, 175 eyes of 134 patients whose vision was decreased after LASlK were included. The constituent ratio of every reason was counted and uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) between pre-treatment and post-treatment were compared by paired t-test respectively.RESULTS:The overall incidence of impaired vision after LASlK was 1. 86%. The constituent ratio of regression was 51. 43% and UCVA increased from 0. 61±0. 22 to 0. 90±0. 38 (t=8. 00, P<0. 001) after treatment. The constituent ratio of punctate corneal epithelial defect was 32. 57% and UCVA increased from 0. 60±0. 19 to 1. 20±0. 24 (t=20. 00, P<0. 001 ) after treatment. The constituent ratio of accommodative spasm was 5. 14% and UCVA increased from 0.76±0. 21 to 1. 32±0. 22 (t=8. 14, P<0. 001) after treatment. The constituent ratio of corneal flap shift and gauffer was 4% and UCVA increased from 0. 29 ± 0. 26 to 1. 24 ± 0. 28 ( t = 6. 33, P<0. 001 ) after treatment. The constituent ratio of corticosteroid - induced ocular hypertension was 4% and UCVA increased from 0. 57±0. 05 to 1. 0 ± 0. 16 ( t= 2. 53, P<0. 05 ) after treatment. The constituent ratio of fundus lesions and diffuse lamellar keratitis ( DLK) was 2. 86% and UCVA all increased by different degrees after treatment.CONCLUSlON: The reasons of impaired vision after LASlK are many and varied. These cases could recover their vision by discovery and treatment in time, and the appropriate preventive measures were essential.

AIMTo investigate the possible involvement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in cardiovascular responses induced by central salt loading.

METHODSDirect perfusion into PVN region with hypertonic saline (0.6 mol/L) was performed in conscious rats by using an in vivo brain microdialysis technique. Then, the extracellular concentration of GABA in the PVN region was measured by microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques, and the blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were with recorded simultaneously. Bicuculline (an antagonist of GABAA receptor) or saclofen (an antagonist of GABAB receptor) were coperfused hypertonic saline into PVN region, then the cardiovascular responses were examined.

RESULTS(1) The local perfusion of 0.6 mol/L saline elicited significant increases on BP and HR (P < 0.01). In addition, perfusion of 0.6 mol/L saline increased the extracellular GABA levels in the PVN region, which reached 561.96% +/- 173.96% (P < 0.05) of the basal level. (2) Bicuculline or salcofen significantly attenuated the in-response of BP (P < 0.01, respectively), whereas the antagonists did not influence the response of HR induced by hypertonic saline.

CONCLUSIONLocal perfusion of hypertonic saline in the PVN region elicits a local release of GABA, which may act via GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors to produce pressor response.

Animals ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Microdialysis ; methods ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; metabolism ; physiology ; Pressoreceptors ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is a central site for integration of the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system. Despite a number of studies have pointed out the importance of the PVN in the central regulation of cardiovascular functions, the chemical mediators in the PVN responsible for mediating baroreflex are not well understood. In the present study, we used the conscious rats to investigate the possible involvement of glycine (Gly) in PVN in the central regulation of baroreflex induced by intravenous injection of phenylephrine (0.8 mug/0.04 mL, in 3 min). Then, the microdialysis sampling was performed in the PVN and the concentration of Gly in the microdialysate was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with electrochemical techniques, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded simultaneously. Injection of phenylephrine elicited a significant increase (P<0.01) in MAP from the baseline of (99.5+/-14.2) mmHg to the maximum of (149.8+/-19.5) mmHg and a decrease (P<0.01) in HR from the baseline of (400.8+/-33.1) beats/min to the minimum of (273.4+/-40.8) beats/min, respectively. Synchronously, the injection of phenylephrine increased the level of Gly in the microdialysate from the PVN to (162.9+/-27.3)% of the basal level (P<0.05). Perfusion of strychnine (100 mumol/L), an antagonist of Gly receptor, into the PVN enhanced the pressor response and attenuated the bradycardic response during the baroreflex, resulting in a decrease in baroreflex sensitivity (P<0.001). Whereas, the perfusion of Gly (1 mmol/L) into the PVN did not affect the pressor response but enhanced the bradycardic response during the baroreflex, resulting in an increase in baroreflex sensitivity (P<0.001). These results suggest that endogenous Gly in the PVN may act via strychnine-sensitive Gly receptor to produce a facilitative effect on baroreflex.
Animals ; Baroreflex ; drug effects ; Glycine ; pharmacology ; Heart Rate ; Microinjections ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; physiology ; Phenylephrine ; pharmacology ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo observe the mobility of levator veli palatini muscle during speech in patients with repaired cleft palate and cleft lip.

METHODSMRI of the levator veli palatini muscle was taken during speech and breathing in three groups of patients: control group (cleft lip only, 8 cases), velopharyngeal incompetence (VPI) group (7 cases), velopharyngeal competence (VPC) group (10 cases). The length and the angle of the levator veli palatini muscle were compared.

RESULTSThe changes of the length and the angle during speech were not significantly different among the three groups (P > 0.05). The ratio of length changes when speaking "a", "i", and "m" are (13.5 ± 11.7)%, (11.1 ± 10.8)%, (8.2 ± 14.3)%. Mean angle of pronouncing "a", "i", and "m" are [(43.18 ± 4.984)°, (43.08 ± 4.879)°, (39.48 ± 5.046)°]. The levator veli palatini muscle contracted progressively form "m", "i", to "a".

CONCLUSIONSThe mobility of the levator veli palatini muscle in patients with repaired cleft palate and cleft lip only is basically the same.

Cleft Lip ; surgery ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Palatal Muscles ; pathology ; Speech ; Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

BACKGROUNDFor patients with end-stage lung diseases, lung transplantation is the final therapeutic option. Sequential double-lung transplantation is recognized as an established procedure to avoid cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). But some of the sequential double-lung transplantations require CPB support during the surgical procedure for various reasons. However, conventional CPB may increase the risk of bleeding and early allograft dysfunction. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is more advantageous than conventional CPB during the perioperative period of transplantation. Replacing traditional CPB with ECMO is promising for those patients needing cardiopulmonary support during a sequential double-lung transplantation procedure. This study aimed to summarize the preliminary experience of ECMO practice in lung transplantation.

METHODSBetween November 2002 and October 2008, twelve patients with end-stage lung diseases undergoing sequential double-lung transplantation were subjected to ECMO during the surgical procedure. Eleven patients were prepared for the procedure via transverse thoracostomy (clamshell) and cannulated through the ascending aorta and right atrium for ECMO. The first patient who underwent bilateral thoracotomy for bilateral sequential lung transplantation required emergency ECMO via the femoral artery and vein during the second lung implantation. The Medtronic centrifugal pump and ECMO package (CB1V97R1, Medtronic, Inc., USA) were used for all of the patients.

RESULTSDuring ECMO, the blood flow rate was set between 1.8 - 2.0 L x m(-2) x min(-1) to keep hemodynamic and oxygen saturation stable; colloid oncotic pressure was maintained at more than 18 mmHg with albumin and hematocrit (HCT) kept at 28% or more. Two patients died early in this series and the other 10 patients were weaned from ECMO successfully. The duration of ECMO was 1.38 - 67.00 hours, and postoperative intubation was 10.5 - 67.0 hours.

CONCLUSIONSAs an established technique of cardiopulmonary support, ECMO is helpful to keep hemodynamics stable, while reducing risk factors such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, anticoagulation requirement and systemic inflammatory response for sequential double-lung transplantation compared with conventional CPB.

Adult ; Aged ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; surgery ; Lung Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

The bioinformatics software was used to predict the B cell and T cell epitopes of Toxoplasma gondii microneme 16 (TgMIC16) followed by epitopes display on the yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.B and T cell epitopes of TgMIC16 were predicted by DNAStar and IEDB,and software of SYFPEITHI and BIMAS,respectively.According to the predicted results,the antigenic epitope region was expressed with pCTCON2/EBY100 display system.The expression protein was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and flow cytometry.Results showed that there were potential B/T cell epitopes in TgMIC16 and concentrated in the aa343-625 region.The epitope region was successfully displayed on the surface of yeast cells,and the optimal induction time was 24 hours.The study would lay the foundation for the development and efficacy evaluation of the yeast carrier vaccine in the further research.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic efficacy between warm needling moxibustion and electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney. Methods: Seventy patients with simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney were randomly divided into a warm needling moxibustion group and an EA group, with 35 subjects in each group. Same major acupoints were selected for the two groups, including Shuifen (CV 9), Guanyuan (CV 4), Daheng (SP 15), Shuidao (ST 28), Shousanli (LI 10), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taixi (KI 3). The warm needling moxibustion group received warm needling moxibustion, while the EA group received EA treatment. The interventions were performed once every other day, with 15 treatments as one course. The therapeutic efficacy, body weight and body mass index (BMI) were then observed and compared. Results: The total effective rate in the warm needling moxibustion group was 85.7％ versus 77.1％ in the EA group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The warm needling moxibustion was remarkably superior to the EA in weight loss and lowering BMI, both with statistical significance (P<0.05, P<0.01). At the three-month follow-up, the body weight and BMI further decreased in the warm needling moxibustion group (both P<0.05), and the levels were lower than those in the EA group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Warm needling moxibustion can produce reliable and consistent efficacy in the treatment of simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney. Compared with EA, warm needling moxibustion shows advantage in both short-term and long-term efficacies, and thus is worth promotion in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo assess the accuracy and reliability of the nest-PCR-sequence specific primer(SSP) method in HLA-A site genotyping of single blastomeres retrieved from human pre-implantation embryos.

METHODSBy nest PCR on HLA-A exon 2, the success rate of first-round amplification was estimated for single blastomeres. Based on the first-round amplification, the HLA-A genotype of every single blastomeres was analyzed by commercially available PCR-SSP kits.

RESULTSThe amplification of HLA-A exon 2 were performed to 120 blasotmeres retrieved from in vitro fertilization(IVF) surplus embryos donated by 10 couples. The average success rate of family 1-5 and 6-10 was 78.2%(43/55) and 93.8%(61/65), respectively. And 86.7%(104/120) in total. Eighty blastomeres were further tested by nest-PCR-SSP, among which 11 blastomeres failed to HLA-A exon 2 amplification and then failed to genotyping while the other 69 blastomeres succeed in HLA-A exon 2 amplification and succeed in genotyping. Except for 6 blastomeres that were uncertain for allele lost because of parents' homozygosity, the left 63 blastomeres had accurate HLA genotyping. Among these 63 blastomeres, 59 blastomeres had genotypes confirmed from their parents(93.6%), 3 blastomeres lost one of parents' alleles(4.8%), and only one blastomere had two more than parents' alleles(1.6%).

CONCLUSIONThe above research results indicated that based on the successful first round amplification of single blastomeres, nest-PCR-SSP strategy offers a convenient and reliable option for HLA genotyping on single blastomeres, which is a key process in pre-selecting HLA-identical sibling for allogeneic cord blood cell transplantation.

Base Sequence ; Blastomeres ; metabolism ; DNA ; analysis ; DNA Fingerprinting ; methods ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; HLA Antigens ; analysis ; HLA-A Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; analysis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Single Person