OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Wnt signaling suppression on proliferation of non small cell lung cancer to gefitinib, and its related mechanisms.

METHODSPC9 and PC9/AB2 cells of both gefitinib sensitive and resistant were treated with different concentrations of gefitinib, and the proliferation index was measured using CCK8 kit. The members of Wnt signaling pathway were detected by Western blot. Dual luciferase reportor gene assay (TOP Flash) was used to document the transcriptional level of β-catenin. β-catenin siRNA was transfected into PC9/AB2 cells to suppress the Wnt signaling transcription, followed by treatment with different concentrations of gefitinib. Western blot was then used to detect the expression of EGFR and its downstream signaling after inhibit the expression of β-catenin.

RESULTSTreating with different concentrations of gefitinib, the resistance of PC9/AB2 cells to gefitinib was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The members of Wnt signaling expressed at higher level in PC9/AB2 cells than in PC9 cells (t = 24.590, P = 0.000). TOP Flash examination showed that the endogenous transcriptional activity of Wnt signaling was higher in PC9/AB2 cell than that in PC9 cell (t = 4.983, P = 0.008). Compared with the negative control group, apoptotic rate and sensitivity to gefitinib significantly increased in interfered group (P < 0.05). The expression of p-ERK1/2 significantly decreased after Wnt signaling suppression, although other proteins showed no significant alterations.

CONCLUSIONSuppressing the activity of Wnt signaling can partly reverse the celluar resistance to gefitinib in non small cell lung cancer.

Antineoplastic Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; metabolism ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Quinazolines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Wnt Signaling Pathway ; drug effects ; beta Catenin ; metabolism

The role of intestinal microbiota in mammals and humans are gaining increasing attention. The health of piglets requires a dynamically balanced intestinal microbiota. However, there are temporal and spatial changes in the distri-bution and composition of microbiota from the esophagus to the rectum during the life cycle of the pig. The intestinal micro?biota has various beneficial functions in pig, like nutrient metabolism, intestinal mucosal barrier, immune responses and pathogen infection. A variety of factors play an important role in the formation and stabilization of intestinal microbiota, in?cluding the ways of delivery ( vaginal or caesarean) , the diet during infancy ( breast milk or formula feeds) and the usage of antibiotics or antibiotic-like molecules. In this review, we mainly discussed the relationship between intestinal microbi?ota and the intestinal health of piglets from the aspects of the composition and colonization of intestinal microbiota, as well as the functions and influencing factors of intestinal microbiota, so as to further understanding the importance of intestinal microbiota in intestinal function of piglets.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to research whether anterior tibial crest is a reliable anatomical reference for rotational alignment of tibial component in TKA. METHODS: The study included 122 patients who underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination for unilateral lower extremity trauma with normal contralateral lower extremities, including 89 males and 33 females, with an average age of(51.4±16.4) years old(ranged 18 to 81 years old). Picture archiving and communication system (PACS) was used to mark 11 lines including the surgical epicondylar axis (SEA) connecting the most prominent points of the lateral epicondyle and the deepest point of the sulcus on the medial epicondyle of the femur, axis of medial border of patellar tendon (MEPT)connecting the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and medial border of the patellar tendon at the level of a standard tibial cut from 8 mm distal of the lateral tibial joint surface, transverse axis of tibia (TAT) at the level of a standard tibial cut from 8 mm distal of the lateral tibial joint surface, Akagi line connecting the projected middle of the PCL and medial border of the patellar tendon at the tibial attachment, the axis of the medial 1/3 of patellar tendon(M1/3) connecting the projected middle of PCL and the medial 1/3 of the patellar tendon at the patellar tendon attachment level, Insall line connecting the projected middle of the PCL and the medial 1/3 of tibial tubercle, the axis of medial border of tibial tubercle (MBTT) connecting the projected middle of the PCL and medial border of tibial tubercle, as well as the axis of the proximal anterior tibial crest (PATC), axis 1 of the middle anterior tibial crest (MATC1), axis 2 of the middle anterior tibial crest (MATC2) and the axis of the distal anterior tibial crest (DATC) which were marked by connecting the 4 equidistant points on the sharp anterior tibial crest and the projected middle of the PCL. The angles between TAT and SEA as well as the angles between other axes and the perpendicular to SEA were measured. Pairwise differences among the 10 tibial axes were examined using One-Way ANOVA and paired RESULTS: The angles between the axes of MEPT, Akagi line, M1/3, Insall line, MBTT, PATC, MATC1, MATC2, DATC and the perpendicular to SEA were (-1.6 ±4.5)° , (1.4 ±5.0)° , (10.2±5.1)°, (11.9±5.4)°, (3.6±4.8)°, (12.0±6.9)°, (7.2±8.6)°, (7.1±10.4)°, (6.6±13.5)°, respectively. The angle between TAT and SEA was (4.1±5.3)°. MEPT was external rotation compared to SEA. M1/3, Insall line and PATC were significantly greater than Akagi line, MBTT, TAT ( CONCLUSION The middle tibial anterior crest can be used as a reference for rotational alignment of tibial component in TKA, and its reliability is better than Insall line, but worse than Akagi line, TAT and MBTT.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Female ; Humans ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament/surgery* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rotation ; Tibia/surgery* ; Young Adult

Objective To characterize a species of the genus Tricula and parasitized trematodes in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province using a molecular analysis, so as to understand their taxonomic positions. Methods Tricula spp. and Oncomelania snails were collected from Xiangyun County, Yunnan Province, and cercaria parasitizing snails were observed using crushing followed by microscopy. Cercaria parasitizing Tricula snails at various morphologies were sampled using a shedding method. Genomic DNA was extracted from snail soft tissues and cercariae, and the 16S rRNA, COI, 28S rDNA genes in snails and the ND1 and 28S rDNA genes in cercariae were amplified using a PCR assay and sequenced. The species of Tricula snails and their parasitized trematodes was characterized using sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Results Among 382 Tricula snails detected, there were three types of trematode cercariae found, including the non-forked (20.94%, 80/382), double-forked (3.40%, 13/382) and swallow shapes (7.07%, 27/382). Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that the 16S rRNA, COI and 28S rDNA gene sequences of this species of Tricula had high homology to those in Delavaya dianchiensis, and were clustered in a branch. Sequencing analysis of the ND1 and 28S rDNA genes revealed that the non-forked cercariae belonged to the family Pleu- rogenidae, the swallow-shaped cercariae belonged to the family Opecoelidae, and the double-forked cercariae belonged to another species of the genus Schistosoma that was different from S. sinensium and S. ovuncatum. Conclusion The species and taxonomy of Triculla spp. and their parasitized trematodes are preliminarily determined in schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Yunnan Province; however, further studies are required to investigate the more definite taxonomy and pathogenicity.