Objective To investigate the influencing factors of children pneumonia hospitalization expense and provide refer‐ence for its expense control .Methods Path analysis was performed on the hospitalization expense and its influencing factors based on 927 pneumonia children in a hospital in Chongqing in 2011 .Results Multivariate regression analyasis showed that the influen‐cing factors of children pneumonia hospitalization expense were proportion of drug expense ,length of hospital stay ,type of pay‐ment ,admission condition ,therapeutic outcome and age .The coefficient of determination (R2 =0 .867 ,F=597 .552 ,P<0 .01) .Be‐sides ,proportion of drugs ,admission condition and therapeutic outcome had indirect effects by influencing hospital stay .The coeffi‐cient of determination (R2 =0 .506 F=330 .336 ,P<0 .01) .According to the total coefficient of path analysis ,the factors of influen‐cing hospitalization expense were listed in descending order as follows :proportion of drug expense ,length of hospital stay ,therapeu‐tic outcome ,type of payment ,admission condition and age .Conclusion Reducing drug proportion ,length of hospital stay ,and strengthening supervision on medicare patients′ expense are effective measurements to control children pneumonia hospitalization ex penses .

ncreased. But it remains controversial how vaspin is correlated with insulin sensitivity. More studies based on large population are needed to identify the associ-ation between vaspin and insulin sensitivity.

Objective To investigate the environmental factors affecting neonatal neurobehavioral development and its sensitivities.Methods Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA)and lead levels in umbilical cord blood and meconium were determined for103randomly selected neonates delivered at the section of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Metallurgical Construction Company Hospital,from January to October1999,and the other relevant factors were investigated by questionnaire at the same time.The NBNB total score was described as a dependent variable and24relevant factors such as umbilical cord blood lead and meconium lead level,etc,as independent variables.Logistic regression analysis was used to ana-lyze the associated factors at P=0.10level.Results The factors selected in the Logistic regression model included:gestational age,month of taking medicine in gestational period,hemoglobin concentration,pregnant womans psychology,meconium lead level and taking medicine during gestational period.Conclusion Neonatal neurobehavioral development could be affected by many factors.Good nutrition,longer gestational age and maintaining good psychological status during pregnancy might be benefi-cial to neonatal neurobehavioral development.However,taking medicine during the gestational period and a high meconium lead level could be harmful to neonatal neurobehavioral development.

Objective To investigate the pathological features of Lewy body disease. Methods An autopsy case of an 80 year old Chinese woman suffering from Lewy body disease was studied The patient had progressive dementia and myotonia for three years and was suspected with Alzheimer dementia clinically Brain tissue was analyzed neuropathologically by using HE staining and specific staining for nervous system, immunohistochemical staining for ubiquitin and by using ? synuclein and electronic microscopy. Results Neuropathological examination revealed the most characteristic features as follows: (1) The number of melanin pigmented neurons were markedly decreased in the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus, and some typical brain stem type Lewy bodies in the residual neurons with moderate gliosis were found (2) There appeared numerous cortical type Lewy bodies in deep layers of the cerebral cortex particularly in the cingulate gyrus, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, transentorhinal contex, amygdala and insula (3) There were selective spongiform changes and many Lewy related neurites in positive ubiquitin immunohistochemical staining on the CA2/3 sectors, parahippocampal gyrus and transentorhinal cortex (4) A strong positive ? synuclein immunoreactivity was found in all Lewy bodies and Lewy related neurites (5) Alzheimer disease related changes such as senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles were scarcely found only in hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. Conclusion Lewy body disease is a new group of degenerative disease of the central nervous system ? synuclein may play an important role in the degeneration of neurons and their neurites may be a major component of Lewy bodies in Lewy body disease It is considered that the present case should be a pure type of diffuse Lewy body disease

Objective To investigate air bacteria pollution and the rule of microbes spread in some markets in Guangzhou, aiming at prevention and forecast airborne pathogenic microbes. Bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus were collected to provide reference on evaluation and of the spread of through the air in public. Methods Gravity exposure of microbial media plates was used to sample the airborne bacteria in eight different markets in Guangzhou on a given day, from 2003 to 2005. The simulated experiment in the laboratory was conducted based on the results of natural sampling stations. Results Samples taken at different times showed wide variations with quantities of airborne bacteria (total count) and Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 95 to 1.5?104 cfu per petri dish and from 2 to 1.2?104 cfu per petri dish respectively. Movement of airborne bacteria in the market obeyed quadratic equation pattern. The spread distance of airborne bacteria was among 24 to 26 meters. Maximum airborne bacteria were detected from 17:00 o'clock to 19:00 o'clock in a day. Conclusion The count of market airborne bacteria is markedly more than the limits stipulated in the related national standard GB 9670-1996. Live fowls sold in the markets are the main carriers of bacteria and the potential pollution resource of pathogenic bacteria.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Integrative Medicine

Objective To study the influence of bilateral optic nerve transections on the expression of Nogo A/B and NgR in hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus neurocytes of rats in order to elucidate the possible regulatory mechanisms of supraoptic nucleus regeneration.Methods Twelve adult SD rats were randomly assigned into 2 groups(6 each): control group and optic nerve division group(transection of bilateral optic nerves).Sham operation was done in,rats of the control group without transection of sptic nerves.The rats' brains were removed from both groups 7 days after surgery,and then frozen sections of the brains were made.Different antibodies and fluorescent probe dyes were used to label Nogo-A/B and NgR proteins in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus neurocytes.And then laser-confocal microscopy was used to observe these proteins.Results No Nogo-A/B and NgR proteins were expressed in neurocytes of hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus in control group.However,Nogo-A/B and NgR proteins were positively expressed around the nuclei of neurocytes in rats of the optic nerve division group 7 days after bilateral optic nerve transection in the said area Conclusions Nogo-A/B and NgR may participate in the regeneration regulation of supraoptic nucleus neurocytes after injury.However,there must be other factors also involved in the regeneration regulation mechanisms.The existence of these factors might explain the strong activity of regeneration of supraoptic nucleus neurocytes after injury even with the existence of the major axon regeneration inhibitor Nogo-A/B and its receptor NgR in the microenvironment.

[Objective] To explore effect of momordin on reversion of multidrug resistance(MDR) in K562/A02 cells,and expression and function of P-glycoprotein(P-gp).[Methods] IC50 was detected by CCK-8,and expression of P-gp and retention of ADM in K562/A02 cells were detected by flow cytometry(FCM).[Results] Momordin can improve sensitivity of K562/A02 cells to many kinds of chemotherapeutical drugs,result in decrease of expression of P-gp,and raise concentration of ADM within cells.[Conclusion] Momordin can partly reverse drug resistance of K562/A02 cells,the mechanism of reversion is related with down regulation of expression of P-gp.

Objective To evaluate the long-term effect of phacoemulsification (PHACO)+intraocular lens implantation (IOL) for cataract combined with primary angle closure (PAC) in the expansion phase. Methods Thirty-eight eyes of 29 patients which suffered from cataract combined PAC in the expansion phase had undergone PHACO+IOL and goniosynechialysis from June 2005 to December 2006 were retrospectively studied. Results A total of 32 eyes of 24 cases were followed up for 6 to 35 months post-operatively, meanly 19.53?8.93 months. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was significantly decreased from a preoperative mean of (31.61?9.88) mmHg without medication therapy to (16.73?2.13) mmHg in 1 month after operation and (15.61?1.94) mmHg at the end of follow-up. The differences between the untreatment and the treatment were statistically significant (P=0.000). The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly improved in all cases (P=0.000). Although the BCVA at the end of follow-up was declined when compared with the acuity 1 month post-operatively, there was no significant difference. The mean central anterior chamber depth was increased from (2.22?0.51) mm preoperatively to (3.59?0.46) mm in 1 month after operation and (3.17?0.35) mm at the end of follow-up with significant differences (P=0.000). The angle of anterior chamber in all operated eyes became wider and the parts of angle closure opened at different degrees. All of patients had no any vision defection. Conclusion PHACO+IOL and combined with goniosynechialysis blocks primary angle-closure glaucoma course, and has better long-term effect.

Natural polysaccharides are a kind of hydrophilic polymers.By grafting hydrophobic moieties to the polysaccharide backbone,could form self-assembled micelle with core-shell structure in aqueous by undergoing intramolecular or intermolecular association between hydrophobic moieties.The self-assembly micelles of amphiphilic polysaccharides provides a positive outlook for drug delivery systems with biodegradability,low antigenicity,good biocompatibility and so on.This review focus on biological activity of amphiphilic polysaccharide as self-assembly carriers,the principle of self-assembly of polymeric micelles,and the recent progress in hydrophobic modification of natural polysaccharides.