Background Branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)often leads to macular edema as the result of elevating intravitreal VEGF level,and avastin,a anti-VEGF drug,show a good effectiveness on macular edema secondary to BRVO.ObjectiveThis study attempts to evaluate the clinical efficacy of avastin on macular edema induced by BRVO.MethodsThis is a retrospective case-observation study.The clinical data of 39 eyes from 39 patients with macular edema induced by BRVO were included in this analysis.All of the patients received intravitreal injection of 1.25mg (0.05mL)avastin without other any therapy prior to the injection of avastin.This procedure followed the Declaration of Helsinki,and written informed consent was obtained from all the patients before and initial of any management.Clinical indexes included best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit-lamp examination,intraocular pressure and stereoscopic biomicroscopy examination before injection and 3,6 and 12 weeks after initial injection.Optical coherence tomography (OCT),fundus photography,fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA)were performed prior to injection and 6,12 weeks after initial injection.The follow-up period was 3-20 months.ResultsThe mean BCVA was significantly improved at 3,6,12 weeks after injection in comparison with before injection (t=-6.039,-6.182,-4.189,all P=0.000).The mean CMT showed a statistically significantly decline at 6,12 weeks after injection in comparison with before injection(t=8.684,5.019,all P=0.000).No ocular or systemic adverse events were found after intravitreal injection of avastin during the follow-up duration.The numbers of visual acuity-improved eyes were significantly increased in the patients with disease course ≤1 month duration in comparison to ones with the course ≥1 month (P<0.05)in 3 weeks after injection.CMT was obviously decreased in 12 weeks after injection in comparison to before injection between with and without macular perfusion eyes (P<0.05).ConclusionIntravitreal injection of avastin is safe and effective for macular edema induced by BRVO,especially the patients with shorter course of disease.

Objective To compare the identifiability for depressive symptoms using different instruments while interviewing with different respondents in suicide prevention research in China. Methods One hundred and fifty-one suicide death cases (suicide group) and one hundred and twenty suicide attempt cases (attempt group) were recruited. For each identified cases, one family member proxy respondent, and another associate proxy respondent (friend or neighbor) and suicide attempter (only for attempt group) were interviewed separately by qualified psychiatrists. The Di-agnostic Screening Instrument for Depression (DSID) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders (SCID-Ⅰ) were administered to each respondent to identify the depressive symptoms based on diagnostic criteria for major depressive episode in DSM-Ⅳ. Data collected from family members and associate respondents were merged as proxy data. The concordances of the DSID and SCID-Ⅰfor identifying depressive symptoms, meeting for criteria of Major Depressive Episode (MDE) and Mild and Major Depressive Episode (MMDE), were calculated based on different respondents' data. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, MDE and MMDE, were compared among merged proxy data, family member respondent's data, and associate respondent's data in suicide group and attempt group, and between self-respondent's data and merged proxy data in suicide attempt group. Results In suicide group, based on merged proxy data, the prevalence of MDE was 41.1%(62 cases) for DSID and 41.7%(63 cases) for SCID-Ⅰ, and the Kappa coeffi-cient was 0.77. Based on suicide attempters' self-raported data, the prevalence of MDE was 23.7% (27 cases) and 22.0% (24 cases) for DSID and SCID-Ⅰ respectively, with a Kappa of 0.74. Based on merged proxy report in attempt group, 16 (13.3%) and 15 (12.5%) cases were met for criteria of MDE (Kappa=0.89), using the 2 instruments. In both of the suicide and attempt groups, the merged proxy data got higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, MDE and MMDE than that only based on family respondent's data or associate's respondent's data using both of the 2 instruments (all P<0.05). Compared with merged proxy data, attempters' self-reported data got higher prevalence of MMD and MMDE using both of the 2 instruments (all P<0.05). Conclusions Based on same respondent's data, SCID-Ⅰ performs as well as DSID in identifying depressive symptoms. Collecting data from 2 respondents would get higher prevalence of MDE or MMDE than only from one family member or one associate. In attempt group, the prevalence of MDE or MMDE based on merged proxy data were lower than that based on attempters' self-reported data.

Objective To observe the changes of plasma neuropeptide Y(NPY) and neurotensin(NT) levels in patients with essential hypertension and the relationship between those changes and damage of cardiac function. Methods Eighty patients of essential hypertension and 28 normal controls were chosen. The cardiac function was divided into 3 classes on the standard of New York Heart Association(NYHA). The plasma NPY,NT concentration was determined by radioimmunoassay. Results The level of NPY in hypertension patients was higher than that of the normal controls(P

OBJECTIVETo investigate synergistically killing effect of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) combined with imatinib on human chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line.

METHODSK562 cells were co-treated with SAHA and imatinib. Cell growth was measured by MTT assay. Apoptosis was determined using Hoechst staining apoptosis detection kit and flow cytometric analysis. Activation of Caspase pathway, expression of Bcr-Abl and its downstream target genes, and expression of anti-apoptotic proteins were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSSAHA synergized the cytotoxicity of imatinib against leukemia K562 cells, concomitantly with increased apoptosis and enhanced activation of Caspase-3, -8 and PRAP. The combination therapy resulted in significantly lower levels of Bcr-Abl,phosphorylated Bcr-Abl compared to treatment with either SAHA or imatinib alone. Furthermore,the co-treatment resulted in down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1 expression. Also,marked down-regulated expression of JAK2,STAT5,and phosphorylated STAT5 was detected in the combination therapy.

CONCLUSIONCombining HDAC inhibitor SAHA with imatinib can kill CML cells synergistically by inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis, which is associated with activation of Caspase pathway and regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzamides ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Drug Synergism ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; metabolism ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hydroxamic Acids ; pharmacology ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Janus Kinase 2 ; metabolism ; K562 Cells ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology ; STAT5 Transcription Factor ; metabolism

This study was aimed to investigate the distribution and implication of tap1 (transporter associated with antigen processing) and tap2 loci allelic and genotypic frequencies. The distribution of tap1 and tap2 loci allelic and genotypic frequencies in 339 random samples of healthy Chinese Hans was analyzed by TaqMan PCR. Several genetic information about power of discrimination, cumulative DP, polymorphism information content, expected heterozygosity and observed heterozygosity were calculated. The results indicated that 5 tap1 alleles (tap1*0101, 020101, 020102, 0301 and 0401) and 4 tap2 alleles (tap2*0101, 0102, 0103 and 0201) were detected in all samples. 8 tap1 genotypes were found which account for 53.3% of the theoretic genotype and 6 tap2 genotypes were found which account for 60% of the theoretic genotype. The genotyping results of tap1 and tap2 both conform to the Hardy-Weinberg expectations (p > 0.05). Tap1*0101 (79.79%) and tap2*0101 (82.74%) are the most common alleles in Chinese Hans. It is concluded that tap1*0101 and tap2*0101 are most common alleles in Chinese Hans, tap1 and tap2 loci carry some power of individual discrimination and polymorphism information content. These two locl can be used for the research in the fields of human genetics, linkage analysis of genetic disease genes, paternity test and individual identification and so on.
ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 2 ; ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 3 ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Humans

This article was aimed to study the chemical constituents of the petroleum ether fraction of Liparis nervosa.Chemicalcompoundswereisolatedandpurifiedthroughvariouschromatographytechniques.The accurate structures of chemical compounds were confirmed with spectral data and literatures. The results showed that7chemicalconstituentswereisolatedfromthepetroleumetherfractionofLiparis nervosa,whichwere moscatin (1), batatasin Ⅲ (2), bergapten (3), isoimpinellin (4), xanthotoxin (5), imperatorin (6) and β-sitosterol (7). It was concluded that chemical constituents 3-7 were isolated from this genus for the first time. And chemical constituents 1-7 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo explore clinical effects of internal fixation in treating displaced clavicle fracture combined with coracoid process.

METHODSFrom January 2005 to July 2012, 9 patients with displaced clavicle fracture combined with coracoid process were treated by internal fixation. Among them, there were 6 males and 3 females with an average age of 40.1 (ranged from 20 to 57) years old. According to Eyres classification: 3 cases were type II B, 1 case was type II A, 3 cases were type III B, and 2 cases were type V A. All patients had history of injury, and diagnosed as coracoid fracture X-ray and CT before operation. Herscovici criteria was used to evaluate function of shoulders joint after operation.

RESULTSSeven of 9 patients were followed up from 6 to 18 (averaged 11) months. The incisions were healed at stage I, coracoid process obtained bony healing, and reduction of acromioclavicular joint well. According to Herscovici criteria, 6 patients got excellent results and 1 in good.

CONCLUSIONInternal fixation for the treatment of displaced clavicle fracture combined with coracoid process could restore physiological anatomical position of coracoid process, and benefit for recovery of limb function.

Adult ; Clavicle ; injuries ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recovery of Function ; Scapula ; injuries ; Shoulder Joint ; injuries

Objective To analyze the features of cervical vertebra X-ray examination and transcranial Doppler (TCD) in children with cervical vertigo, and investigate the mechanism of the disease. Methods X-ray examination of cervical vertebra and TCD were performed on 80 children with cervical vertigo, and the features of the results were analyzed. Results The abnormal results of cervical X-ray examination mainly showed atlantoaxial joint or/and C2, C3 vertebral joint disorders, some of which combined with cervical instability, cervical curvaturestraightened and even reverse curvature, cervical scoliosis. The abnormal results of TCD showed the blood flow velocity in single or multiple branch of artery increased mainly, some of which decreased or became asymmetrial. Conclusion The cervical vertigo in children may result from various kinds of disorders of the atlas, axis or/and C2, C3 vertebrae.

Objective To investigate the transient hemodynamic changes during balloon deflation in coronary interventional operation, so as to explore the potential influence of balloon deflation on the occurrence of post-operative no-reflow. Methods An in vitro experimental apparatus was built, in which a high-speed camera was used to take snapshots of balloon deformation and flow field (marked by dyed water) during balloon deflation. Subsequently, image processing techniques were employed to derive the parameters of balloon deformation and estimate the flow velocity downstream from the balloon. A computer model of the experimental apparatus was constructed, with the incorporation of the measured balloon deformation data, to simulate the balloon deflation process under various perfusion pressure and fluid conditions. Results The balloon exhibited a highly nonlinear deformation behavior during deflation. The measured and simulated flow velocities downstream from the balloon were in reasonable agreement, both manifesting a monotonic increase with post-deflation time and perfusion pressure. Numerical simulations further revealed that when the flow velocity downstream from the balloon approached the physiological value of blood flow velocity in the coronary artery, the flow velocity in the balloon-vessel gap and wall shear stress (WSS) reached up to 8-10 times and 60-70 times of their physiological values, respectively. Conclusions Balloon deflation led to a sharp acceleration of flow in balloon-vessel gap and a concomitant abnormal rise in WSS, which might promote the stripping of plaque or thrombus flakes. In view of the fact that the balloon deflation-induced rise in WSS was augmented by the increase in perfusion pressure, taking strategies such as lowering pre-operative blood pressure or implementing balloon deflation during diastole in coronary interventional operation might help to reduce the risk of no-reflow.

OBJECTIVETo study the polymorphism of human platelet alloantigens HPA-3 and HPA-9w in the Chinese Han population.

METHODSA total of 1000 unrelated Chinese Han blood donors from different provinces of China were genotyped for HPA-3 and HPA-9w using PCR-sequence specific primer assay.

RESULTSGene frequencies of 1000 Chinese Hans for HPA-3a and HPA-3b were 0.5935 and 0.4065 respectively, and all of them were HPA-9a positive. The distributions of HPA-3, HPA-9w of Chinese Hans which detected by chi-square criterion fit Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were significant differences of the HPA-3 alleles gene frequency between Guangdong province and other five investigated provinces which included Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, Yunnan and Jiangsu. In comparison to other ethnic groups, no significant differences were observed in the distributions of HPA-3 except the Vietnamese and Australian.

CONCLUSIONThe results show that the chance of HPA-3 incompatibility were 0.3661 in random transfusion, and also provide a basis for researching on alloimmune thrombocytopenia and HPA-matched transfusion.

Alleles ; Antigens, Human Platelet ; genetics ; immunology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; DNA ; genetics ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Histocompatibility ; genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic