OBJECTIVETo observe therapeutic effect of "reducing south and reinforcing north" needling method on hypertension of type of yang-hyperactivity due to yin-deficiency,

METHODSNinety cases of hypertension were randomly divided into a treatment group (n=59) treated with "reducing south and reinforcing north" needling method, and a control group (n=31) treated with capoten and aspirin. Their therapeutic effects on symptoms and blood pressure were compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 93.2% in the treatment group and 77.4% in the control group, the treatment group being better than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure in the two groups decreased (P<0.05), but with no significant difference between the two groups in the therapeutic effect of reducing blood pressure (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION"Reducing south and reinforcing north" needling method and oral administration of capoten and aspirin have similar effect in reducing blood pressure, and the treatment group is better than the control group in improving symptoms.

Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hypertension ; therapy ; Yin Deficiency

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of the occurrence of propagated sensation effects at Zusanli (ST 36) based on artificial intelligence technology. METHODS: A total of 272 undergraduates and postgraduates of Guangzhou University of TCM were recruited. The basic information, including TCM constitution, body weight index (BMI), pulse, tongue and coating, face complexion, as well as the occurrence of propagated sensation effects at Zusanli (ST 36) with different acupuncture needles and techniques, were recorded. The repeated incremental pruning to produce error reduction (RIPPER) algorithm was applied to predict the results and summarize the rules of relevant factors. RESULTS: ① The propagated sensation effects were often observed in the subject with -deficiency constitution (55 cases in total, of them 1 case was misclassified). ② The propagated sensation effects were observed in the subject with balanced - constitution (39 cases in total, of them 0 case was misclassified). ③ The propagated sensation effects were observed in the subject with phlegm-damp constitution combined with thin tongue and white coating (31 cases in total, of them 8 cases were misclassified). ④ The propagated sensation effects were observed in the subject with phlegm-damp constitution combined with light tongue coating (7 cases in total, of them 2 cases were misclassified). ⑤ The propagated sensation effects were observed in all the subject with special constitution (6 cases in total, of them 0 cases were misclassified). ⑥ The propagated sensation effects were not observed in the subject with other constitution or the combination of constitution and symptoms (134 cases in total, of them 4 cases were misclassified). The accuracy rate of classification was 94.49%. The difference of acupuncture needles and techniques was not significant in propagated sensation effects (>0.05). CONCLUSION The TCM constitution may be the most essential factor in the occurrence of propagated sensation effects.
Artificial Intelligence ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Mucus ; Sensation ; Yin Deficiency ; Yin-Yang

Breast Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Yin Deficiency

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution features of Chinese medical syndromes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by literature retrieval.

METHODSPertinent articles on treating RA by syndrome differentiation were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases (CNKI), VIP Chinese Biomedical Journal Database, Guizhou Digital Library, and Duxiu Chinese Academic Periodicals full papers database from January 2000 to December 2011.

RESULTSA total of 33 documents were recruited covering 4 233 cases. Damp-heat blocking collaterals syndrome occupied the top in the occurrence frequency (20 times, 60.61%), followed by deficiency of Gan and Shen syndrome (18 times, 54.55%), intermingled phlegm and blood-stasis syndrome (17 times, 51.52%), wind-cold-damp impediment syndrome (15 times, 45.45%), cold-damp blocking collaterals syndrome (14 times, 42.42%), wind-damp-heat impediment and deficiency of qi and blood syndrome (10 times, 30.30%), and intermingled cold and heat syndrome (9 times, 27.27%). According to the case number of patients, it was sequenced as damp-heat blocking collaterals syndrome syndrome (768 cases, 18.14%), wind-damp-heat impediment syndrome(666 cases, 15.73%), wind-cold-damp impediment syndrome(584 cases, 13.80%), cold-damp blocking collaterals syndrome syndrome (517 cases, 12.21%), intermingled cold and heat syndrome (415 cases, 9.80%), intermingled phlegm and blood-stasis syndrome (364 cases, 8.60%), deficiency of Gan and Shen syndrome (235 cases, 5.55%),asthenia of healthy energy due to lingering arthralgia syndrome (223 cases, 5.27%). The case numbers of remaining syndromes did not exceed 5%.

CONCLUSIONDamp-heat blocking collaterals syndrome was the main syndrome in RA patients, followed by wind-cold-damp impediment syndrome,wind-damp-heat impediment syndrome,cold-damp blocking collaterals syndrome,intermingled phlegm and blood-stasis syndrome, and deficiency of Gan and Shen syndrome.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; classification ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Yang Deficiency ; classification ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; classification ; diagnosis

By reviewing research contents of patient-reported outcome (PRO) and discussing Chinese medicine (CM) theories related to chronic liver disease (CLD), we have followed international PRO questionnaire development specification, combined CM theories such as uniformed spirit and body, correspondence between human and the universe, yin in property and yang in function of Gan, and seven emotions, and constructed theoretical structure of PRO questionnaire of treating CLD, including four major areas as physiology, psychology, independence, and society and nature. Of them, the physiological field contained six aspects such as blood deficiency, yin deficiency, bleeding, disorder of qi movement, improper transformation and transportation of Pi-Wei, and abnormal biliary excretion. The psychological field contained two aspects: Gan-related emotions and general disease related emotions. The independence field contained two aspects: daily life and study and work. The field of society and nature contains three aspects: social relations, social environment, and natural adaptability.
Humans ; Liver Diseases ; therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Yang Deficiency ; Yin Deficiency

Starting from the thinking characteristics of TCM in the holistic approach of syndrome and process of syndrome differentiation, the problems in the criteria of syndrome diagnosis was analyzed, combining with the outcome of investigation on macrocosmic diagnosis of syndrome carried on twice by expert group nationwide in China, a concept for designing basic framework of standard for macrocosmic diagnosis of syndrome was advocated in this study. In order to recognize and master fully the standard, the following items would be the contents of the framework: give a standardized term of each syndrome; the basic clinical features of a syndrome; the qualitative parameters which could be used to distinguish the nature of a syndrome, and indexes to be used to judge the affected location of a syndrome during identifying process for a syndrome; the order of pertinent indexes with their given score, and the threshold for quantitative diagnosis. It is considered that the above framework defined the sufficient criteria which is constructed on the bases of the approaches with integrated qualitative and quantitative methods. It may enable the syndrome differentiation to access the real world of a patient to be used appropriately this framework.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Syndrome ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

From a macro-level analysis of the attributes and pathogenic features of HBV, the main pathogenic factor for chronic liver diseases including viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer, the concept of damp-heat insidious pathogen was obtained, according to which, in-depth discussions were undertaken. Adopting syndrome typing of Wei (defense), qi (vital energy), Ying (nutrients), and blood, the pathogens leading to different syndromes as well as new products such as pathological "sputum", "stasis" in the disease process were understood, and then, the pathological "sputum" and "stasis", as the hub, playing a role in chronic lesions of the liver collateral were explained. Finally the pathological "sputum" and "stasis" blend and form cancer toxin. Through a comprehensive understanding of the development of chronic liver diseases, it is clear that damp-heat insidious pathogen, as its initiating factor, always exists in the whole process. We summed up heat clearing, dampness resolving, and detoxification was the principle for treating chronic liver disease.
Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo research the distribution characteristics of Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome and syndrome elements of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) by analyzing literature in recent 20 years.

METHODSRelevant literature on treating CFS by syndrome differentiation of CM at home were retrieved by computer and manual ways. Database were established by using EpiData 3.1 to conduct frequency analysis of syndrome and syndrome elements.

RESULTSThe most common clinical syndromes were Xin-Pi deficiency syndrome, Gan stagnation Pi deficiency syndrome, Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome, Gan qi stagnation syndrome, and Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome. Disease locations were sequenced as Pi, Gan, Shen, and Xin. The clinical pathogenesis of CFS was characterized by deficiency of vital energy, complicated with intermingled excess and deficiency. Asthenia of healthy energy was mainly manifested as qi deficiency, blood deficiency, and yin deficiency, while excess of sthenia was mainly manifested as qi stagnation, phlegm dampness, and static blood.

CONCLUSIONSResearch of CM syndrome starting from syndrome elements can better unify and standardize clinical syndrome differentiation. Results of literature analysis can provide reference for further studies.

Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Yang Deficiency ; Yin Deficiency

The diagnosis and treatment pattern using combination of disease and syndrome, fully developing the advantages of both traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) and being widely used clinically, has been constructed in the long history of TCM. Prof. MA Rou, as a hematology specialist of integrative medicine (IM), uses modern medical equipment to diagnose diseases and takes traditional Chinese medical methods to treat diseases. He is loyal to TCM sciences and refers to the advantages of WM. He holds the essence of MDS lies in toxic stasis according to its pathogenic features. He detoxifies and removes stasis using Qinghuang Powder. Meanwhile, according to patients' clinical manifestations, he summarized two common syndrome types, Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome and Gan-Shen yin deficiency syndrome. Better efficacy could be achieved by combining Chinese herbs for tonifying Pi-Shen. In recent years the application of Qinghuang Powder won some achievements in clinical study and experimental study, thus providing scientific reliance for Prof. MA Rou's academic thought on treating MDS.
Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Yang Deficiency ; Yin Deficiency

A cross-sectional study method combined with two types of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome differentiation methods was adopted to investigate the clinical symptoms and distribution characteristics of TCM syndromes in patients with pulmonary nodules from the perspectives of number, size, nature, and stability of pulmonary nodules by using the χ~2 test, systematic clustering and Apriori algorithm correlation analysis. The common clinical symptoms of pulmonary nodules were fatigue(77.35%) and irritability(75.40%), and 40 symptoms were clustered into 3 groups(digestive system symptoms, respiratory system symptoms, and emotional and systemic symptoms) and 8 major symptom categories. The proportion of cold and heat in complexity syndrome(63.43%) was higher based on cold-heat syndrome differentiation. The top two syndromes were Qi deficiency syndrome(88.03%) and Qi depression syndrome(83.17%) based on disease syndrome differentiation. Yang deficiency syndrome(60.52%) was more than Yin deficiency syndrome(50.16%). There were higher proportions of phlegm syndrome(78.67%) and Yang deficiency syndrome(69.33%) of so-litary pulmonary nodules in terms of the number of pulmonary nodules. In terms of size, the proportion of phlegm syndrome decreased as the mean diameter of pulmonary nodules increased, while the proportions of Yang deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome increased. The distribution of Qi depression syndrome was more in those with mean diameter<10 mm(85.02%, P=0.044) and cold syndrome was more in those with mean diameter ≥10 mm(16.67%, P=0.024). In terms of the nature of pulmonary nodules, the proportions of Qi depression syndrome and heat syndrome decreased with the increase in solid components of pulmonary nodules, while the proportions of Yin deficiency syndrome and cold and heat in complexity syndrome increased. The blood stasis syndrome accounted for a higher proportion of pulmonary nodules with solid components. In terms of the stability of pulmonary nodules, dampness syndrome(72.97%), blood stasis syndrome(37.84%), and cold and heat in complexity syndrome(70.27%) accounted for higher proportions. In addition, patients with new nodules presented higher proportions in Qi inversion syndrome(52.00%, P=0.007) and cold and heat in complexity syndrome(66.00%, P=0.008). Meanwhile, 11 syndromes were associated and 4 common compound syndromes were obtained(Qi deficiency and depression syndrome, Qi depression and phlegm coagulation syndrome, Qi deficiency and phlegm coagulation syndrome, and Qi deficiency and dampness obstruction syndrome). Qi deficiency syndrome and Qi depression syndrome could be associated with other syndromes. The results show that the main clinical symptoms of pulmonary nodules are fatigue and irritability. The main TCM syndromes of pulmonary nodules are Qi deficiency syndrome, Qi depression syndrome, Yang deficiency syndrome, and cold and heat in complexity syndrome. The distribution of TCM syndromes is significantly correlated with the size of pulmonary nodules and the presence or absence of new nodules. The common compound syndromes are Qi deficiency and depression syndrome, Qi depression and phlegm coagulation syndrome, Qi deficiency and phlegm coagulation syndrome, and Qi deficiency and dampness obstruction syndrome.
Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Yin Deficiency/diagnosis* ; Yang Deficiency/diagnosis* ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Syndrome