The innervation in the thymus was observed by silver stain and acetylcho linesterase (AChE) histochemical method. It was shown by silver stain that nerve fibers constituted a complex network in the thymic medulla. In the cortex and medulla there were AChE-containing nerve fibers. which terminated near or encircled the thymocytes. AChE-containing nerve fibers contacted with mast cells. Some mast cells had AChE-containing substance. This study suggests that the cortex and medulla of thymus are innervated by parasympathetic cholinergic nerve fibers, which may regulate the thymocytes and mast cells.

Objective To discuss pathogenesis of low back pain induced by chronic compartment syndrome. Method Thirty patients who had definite chronic lumboscaral compartment syndrome without other lumbal diseases were choosed respectively to test muscle force of lumbar and abdomen,intra-sacrospinal muscle pressure,blood routine,ESR,CK,CK-MM,LDH and LDHs.All patients received decompressive operation.Skeletal muscle specimens taken from sacrospinal muscle in each operation were possessed for histological and ultrastructuml observation. Result All of enzyme tests were normal.The author could observe the dissolved degeneration of part of sacrospinal muscle fibers,muscle fiber hypertrophy,and a small quantity of inflammatory cell infiltration with a light microscope.Focal solution of muscle fiber,the aggregation of mitochondria around the nucleus,the increase of lipid droplet and lysosome in cyte,and the proliferation and differentiation of muscle satellite cell could be observed with an electron microscope. Conclusion Pathogenesis of chronic lumboscaral compartment syndrome may be as followed.Intra-compartmental pressures increase,causing metabolism disturbance of the tissues under fascia compartment,damaging skeletal muscle chronically,then inflammatory factors are released,which stimulates posterior branch of spinal nerves,and finally induces low back pain.

Objective To explore the morphologic changes of the epithelial cells in the thymic cortex in diabetes rats, and its possible mechanism of thymocyte apoptosis and thymus involution. Methods The ultrastructure changes of the epithelial cells in the thymic cortex in diabetes rats were observed under electron microscope. Results The type 2 epithelial cells had four kinds of the changes on ultrastructure:1 the endocrine disorder like changes with a large number of the degenerative cystic vacuoles;2 the degenerative like changes with lots of the abnormal secretory vacuoles and myelin like bodies and bulky tonofilament bundles; 3 the phagocyte like changes with a great number of the dense lysosome like granulae and the phagocytosed apoptotic cells and bodies; 4 the apoptosis like changes with the early morphologic changes of apoptosis. The type 3 epithelial cells had two kinds of the changes on ultrastructure:1 degenerative like changes with groups of dense granulae which secrete peptide hormones;2 the proliferative like changes with numerous collage fibrils in the vicivity of their perikarya. In addition, a lot of the apoptotic thymocytes and the reduction of thymocyte number were found in thymic cortex.Conclusion The varied ultrastructure changes of the epithelial cells in rat thymic cortex could be induced by diabetes, which might be the one of major mechanisms on influencing the thymocyte development and causing the thymocyte apoptosis and thymus involution.\;[

Purpose:To study the mutual relationships between apoptosis,cell proliferation correlative gene PCNA and tumor suppressor gene P27 Kip1 as well as to investigate if they have something to do with the occurrence,development,and prognosis in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:47 cases of primary esophagus squamous cell carcinoma were put into investigative group whose tumor samples from operation resection were studied. 20 cases with normal esophagus cell mucous membrane tissue were put into the control group. Expression level of PCNA,P27 Kip1 was detected by immunohistochemistry method (S-ABC) in both groups. Apoptotic index was detected by TdT mediated deoxyuridylic acid(dUMP)nicking end labeling (TUNEL method) in both groups.Results:①In the group of 47 cases of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma,there were 17 cases of positive expression in P27 Kip1 ,and the positive rate was 36.17% , average proliferation index(PI) was 45.86?19.11%,average apoptotic index is 1.05%?0.59%,ratio of PI/AI is 57.37? 45.17 ,all of which were statistically significant for difference between normal tissue and carcinoma in esophagus squamous cell (P

Objective To estimate the status of secondhand smoke (SHS) among restaurant customers in Shanghai and evaluate their support to smoke-free restaurants. Methods A random sample of 284 customers from 27 restaurants participated in the face to face interview. Results There were 55.8% smoking customers often smoke in the restaurants and 84.4% nonsmoking customers had suffered from secondhand smoke in restaurants. Among the customers, 73.9% supported the smoke-free law in restaurants and 49.6% of them expressed that they would more likely to go and eat in the restaurant after the smoke-free law implemented. Elder age, nonsmoking as well as college and above education background were the supporting factors for the smoke-free restaurants and the odds ratios were 1.03 (95%CI: 1.01~1.06), 6.40 (3.06~13.88) and 2.71 (1.44~5.11), respectively. Conclusion Customers have seriously suffered from SHS and most of them support the smoke-free policy. In general, the smoke-free restaurant policy will increase the intention of eating in the restaurants among customers.

1. Microsurgical relationships of the arteries at the base of the brain and the trigeminal nerve were studied bilaterally on 30 brains. Twenty seven trigeminal nerves made contact with the arteries 33 times which represents 55 percent of the cases. Six of 27 trigeminal nerves had double contact.2. Of 33 arteries in contact with 27 nerves, seventeen involved the superior cerebellar arteries (SCA) (28.33?5.82%), seven the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries (AICA) (11.67?4.15%) and nine the middle inferior cerebellar arteries (MICA) (15.0?4.61%).3. The outer diameter of the superior cerebellar artery is the largest averaging 1.41?0.20 mm; the anterior inferior cerebellar artery comes next averaging 1.06?0.36 mm and the middle inferior cerebellar artery the smallest, averaging 0.62?0.14 mm.4. 27 trigeminal arteries arising from the upper or middle segement of the basal artery were found on the ventral surface of the trigeminal nerves in 17 brains, and 16 trigeminal branches arising from the AICA. MICA. and PICA were also found at the roots of 16 trigeminal nerves. Anastomoses were noted between the trigeminal arteries and the trigeminal branches in four cases of 16 trigeminal nerves.5. The association between the neurovascular contact and the trigeminal neuralgia are discussed. It is suggested that the neurovascular contact either from dorsal or ventral aspects may be the anatomical cause of the trigeminal neuralgia.6. The neurovascular contact of the trigeminal nerve with the SCA was usually on the dorsal or dorsalmedial aspect of the nerve, but the point of contact with AICA or MICA was mainly on the ventral aspect of the nerve. Besides, there are trigeminal arteries and trigeminal branches at the ventral surface of the nerve. All these topographic observations provide microsurgical information for neurosugeons.

Developed the information centralization and management integration system for monitors of different brands and models with wireless sensor network technologies such as wireless location and wireless communication, based on the existing wireless network. With adaptive implementation and low cost, the system which possesses the advantages of real-time, efficiency and elaboration is able to collect status and data of the monitors, locate the monitors, and provide services with web server, video server and locating server via local network. Using an intranet computer, the clinical and device management staffs can access the status and parameters of monitors. Applications of this system provide convenience and save human resource for clinical departments, as well as promote the efficiency, accuracy and elaboration for the device management. The successful achievement of this system provides solution for integrated and elaborated management of the mobile devices including ventilator and infusion pump.
Computer Communication Networks ; Computers ; Internet ; Wireless Technology

Objective To explore the feasibility of DSCT dual-energy technique in pulmonary mass lesions.Methods A total of 100 patients with pulmonary masses underwent conventional plain CT scan and dual-energy enhanced CT scan.The virtual non-contrast (VNC) images were obtained at post-processing workstation.The mean CT value,enhancement value,signal to noise ratio (SNR),image quality and radiation dose of pulmonary masses were compared between the two scan techniques using F or t test and the detectability of lesions was compared using Wilcoxon test. Results There was no statistically significant difference among VNC ( A ) ( 32.89 ± 12.58 ) HU,VNC (S) ( 30.86 ± 9.60) HU and conventional plain images (35.89 ± 9.99 ) HU in mean CT value of mass ( F =2.08,P ＞ 0.05 ).There was statistically significant difference among VNC ( A ) ( 3.29 ± 1.45 ),VNC (S) ( 3.93 ± 1.49 ) and conventional plain image (4.61 ± 1.50) in SNR ( F =6.01,P ＜ 0.05 ),which of conventional plain scan was higher than that of VNC.The enhancement value of mass in conventional enhanced scan(60.74 ± 13.9)HU and distribution of iodine from VNC (A) ( 58.26 ± 31.99 ) HU was no statistically significant difference ( t =0.48,P ＞ 0.05 ),but there was a significant difference between conventional enhanced scan (56.51 ± 17.94 ) HU and distribution of iodine from VNC (S) (52.65 ± 16.78 ) HU (t =4.45,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no statistically significant difference among conventional plain scan ( 4.69 ± 0.06 ) and VN C ( A ) ( 4.60 ± 0.09 ),VNC (S)(4.61 ±0.11 ) in image quality at mediastinal window ( F =3.014,P ＞ 0.05 ).The appearance,size,internal features of mass (such as necrosis,calcification and cavity) were showed the same in conventional plain scan,VNC (A) and VNC (S).Of 41 patients with hilar mass,18 patients were found to have lobular and segmental perfusion decrease or defect. Perfusion defect area was found in 59 patients with peripheral lung mass. The radiation dose of dual-energy enhanced scan was lower than that of conventional scan.Conclusion The virtual non-contrast,distribution of iodine and pulmonary virtual perfusion images can be obtained by DSCT dual-energy technique in one scan,which has a potential clinical value in the thorax.

Objective To determine the current prevalence and risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adult residents in Chinese developed areas.Methods The clinical data of 6614 adult residents,including 4051 women,from Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces from China Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study (2007-2008) were analyzed.Age and sex standardized prevalences of MS were calculated according to the criteria of Chinese Diabetes Society (CDS),US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ (ATP Ⅲ),International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and Joint Interim Statement (JIS),respectively.Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors of MS.Results Age and sex standardized prevalences of MS were 17.88％ (CDS),28.50％ (ATP Ⅲ),21.99％ (IDF) and 31.50％ (JIS),respectively.The prevalences of residents with at least one metabolic abnormality were 67.86％ (CDS) 79.56％ (ATP Ⅲ),79.62％ (IDF) and 80.74％ (JIS),respectively.MS was more common in female than in male by the ATPⅢ and IDF criterion (ATPⅢ:30.63％ vs 26.45％,P ＜0.01 ; IDF:26.04％ vs 17.91％,P ＜ 0.01),while the prevalence was higher in male by CDS criteria (15.94％ vs 19.87％,P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the MS prevalence between the rural and the urban residents.Kappa test showed ATP Ⅲ and JIS criteria were most homogenous (κ =0.95,P ＜ 0.01).The risk factors for MS by the logistic regression model were male,older age,lower degree of education,family history of hypertension and obesity,drinker as well as uncontrolled diet.Conclusion The prevalence of MS is high in the adult residents of Chinese developed areas (Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces),whatever diagnostic criterion was used.Effective measures should be taken to control the modifiable MS risk factors.

Objective To evaluate the effectives of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV)in the treatment of severe NRDS.Methods The severe NRDS who failed to response to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) were changed to HFOV treatment.Ventilator parameters and blood gas analysis were compared before and after treatment.Results Among thirty patients,19 cases were significantly improved and 11 cases were failed,the success rate was 63％.Nineteen patients with HFOV,the main ventilator parameters and blood gas results such as FiO2 ( 0 h:0.87 ± 0.09 vs 3 h:0.67 ± 0.10,6 h:0.54 ±0.08,12h:0.44 ±0.08),MAP[0 h:(14.47 ±1.17) mbar vs 3 h:(13.79 ± 1.03) mbar,6 h:(13.26 ±1.05) mbar,12 h:( 12.37 ±0.83) mbar],f[0 h:(7.26 ±0.56) Hz vs 3 h:(7.89 ±0.57) Hz,6 h:(8.42±0.51 ) Hz,12 h:(9.26 ±0.45) Hz] and PaCO2 [0 h:(9.69 ±0.86) kPa vs 3 h:(6.00 ±0.55) kPa,6 h:(5.62 ± 1.03)kPa,12 h:(5.47 ±0.55)kPa] were decreased while pH(0 h:7.21 ±0.06 vs 3 h:7.35 ±0.07,6 h:7.39 ±0.07,12 h:7.40 ±0.06) and PaO2[0 h:(5.46 ±0.82)kPa vs 3 h:(7.92 ± 1.13)kPa,6 h:(9.25 ± 0.99)kPa,12 h:(9.20 ± 0.96)kPa] were significantly increased compared with before treatment ( P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The patients of severe NRDS who failed to response to CMV were treated with HFOV,some patients received a significant effect with HFOV treatment.