Objective:To evaluate the relation between the single nucleotide polymorphism of CYP2D6 gene G4268C and the genetic susceptibility to lung cancer. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among 118 lung cancer patients and 118 control subjects (matched for sex, age) to investigate the role of CYP2D6 gene G4268C polymorphism in lung cancer; PCR-RFLP was used to identify the genotypes of polymorphism. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to lung cancer. Results: The frequency of G4268→C mutation in case and control group were 69.49% and 75.00%, respectively. Non-C4268/C genotype (including G4268/G and G4268/C genotype) was correlated to the high risk of lung cancer, with OR adjusted by gender, age and smoking being 1.80 (95% CI=1.06-3.06), especially to lung adenocarcinoma (OR being 2.95 95% CI=1.39-6.23). After stratified analysis of smoking history and adjusting by gender and age, it was revealed that non-C4268/C genotype was associated with significantly increased risk of lung cancer in non-smokers and light-smokers group, with OR=2.12 (95% CI=1.03-4.36) and OR=3.75 (95% CI=1.15-12.22), respectively. Conclusion: C4268/C genotype may be a protective factor in lung adenocarcinoma patients and may decrease the risk of lung cancer in non-smokers and light-smorkers.

1. Microsurgical relationships of the arteries at the base of the brain and the trigeminal nerve were studied bilaterally on 30 brains. Twenty seven trigeminal nerves made contact with the arteries 33 times which represents 55 percent of the cases. Six of 27 trigeminal nerves had double contact.2. Of 33 arteries in contact with 27 nerves, seventeen involved the superior cerebellar arteries (SCA) (28.33?5.82%), seven the anterior inferior cerebellar arteries (AICA) (11.67?4.15%) and nine the middle inferior cerebellar arteries (MICA) (15.0?4.61%).3. The outer diameter of the superior cerebellar artery is the largest averaging 1.41?0.20 mm; the anterior inferior cerebellar artery comes next averaging 1.06?0.36 mm and the middle inferior cerebellar artery the smallest, averaging 0.62?0.14 mm.4. 27 trigeminal arteries arising from the upper or middle segement of the basal artery were found on the ventral surface of the trigeminal nerves in 17 brains, and 16 trigeminal branches arising from the AICA. MICA. and PICA were also found at the roots of 16 trigeminal nerves. Anastomoses were noted between the trigeminal arteries and the trigeminal branches in four cases of 16 trigeminal nerves.5. The association between the neurovascular contact and the trigeminal neuralgia are discussed. It is suggested that the neurovascular contact either from dorsal or ventral aspects may be the anatomical cause of the trigeminal neuralgia.6. The neurovascular contact of the trigeminal nerve with the SCA was usually on the dorsal or dorsalmedial aspect of the nerve, but the point of contact with AICA or MICA was mainly on the ventral aspect of the nerve. Besides, there are trigeminal arteries and trigeminal branches at the ventral surface of the nerve. All these topographic observations provide microsurgical information for neurosugeons.

Objective To study CT findings of solitary inflammatory lung lesion,and improve CT diagnostic accuracy.Methods In 21 cases with solitary inflammatory lung lesion,four cases were treated with surgery,four cases were punctured with CT guided biopsy,and other cases were treated with anti-inflammatory agents under being followed up with CT.All were scanned with 2～5 mm thin slice.Results ①The lesions showed square,triangle and irregularity (13 cases).②Part of margin blurred(12 cases).③The density at the edge of the mass was lower than at the central area(9 cases).④After anti-inflammatory therapy,most lesions gradually reduced in size(11 cases).Conclusion Anlysizing CT findings helps to diagnose solitary inflammatory lung lesion,and improves diagnostic accuracy through puncturing with CT guided biopsy necessitiously.To the basic hospital,to scan with 2～5 mm thin slice is important especially.

Objective To construct an eukaryotic expression vector carrying human glutathione-S-transferase(GST)A1gene and to provide study materials for toxicology and pharmacogenetic.Methods The GST A1cDNA was amplified and separated from human liver total RNAs by RT-PCR approach and recombined with eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.The recombined plasmid pcDNA3-hGSTA1was verified using PCR,restriction analysis and sequencing determination.Results Human GST A1gene was recombined correctly with pcDNA3,compared with Genbank,in code152T→C,amino acid Met→Thr.Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3-hGSTA1was constructed for research on toxicology and pharmacogenetics.

Objective: To investigate the expression of mage-a mRNA in lung cancer tissues of mice induced by coal tar pitch(CTP) fume and to discuss the above model for lung cancer immunotherapy with mage-a. Methods: Tumor tissue samples of lung cancer and paired non-tumor tissues were obtained from 8 lung cancer mice. Total RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized. Nested polymerase chain reaction amplification using mage-a specific primer was performed to detect the expression of mage-a. The 2 clones of mage-a mRNA positive PCR products were sequenced by DNAs sequencer (PE-377). Results: Of 29 mice in the experimental group, 8 were induced to lung cancer.Among which 5 (5/8) expressed mage-a mRNA. The expression of mage-a gene was not found in adjacent lung tissues. The DNA sequencing confirmed that the target gene fragments in 2 samples of PCR products were mage-a cDNA. Conclusion: The mage-a gene is highly expressed in lung cancer in mice induced by CTP fume, suggesting that CTP-induced lung cancer in mice may be an ideal animal model for lung cancer therapeutic experiment with MAGE-A.

Objective To study the best combination of respiratory parameters that can maintain good ventilation with a low airway pressure under general anesthesia and CO2 pneumoperitoneum (12 mm Hg) during laparoscopy, which is important for lung protections. Methods Basic respiratory parameters of anesthesia machine, respiratory frequency (f), tidal volume (VT), and respiration ratio (I∶E), were used as three factors A, B, and C. The there levels were set as f=15, 12, and 9 bpm; VT =8, 10, and 12 ml/kg body weight; and I∶E =1∶2.5, 1∶2.0, and 1∶1.5. L9(34) K=3 was adopted for repeated orthogonal experimental design. The effect of different combinations of respiratory parameters on peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), mean airway pressure (Pmean),and end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (PETCO2), were analyzed statistically. Results During the laparoscopy, the vital signs of 27 patients were stable under general anesthesia with 9 combinations of the respiratory parameters, the SpO2 was maintained at 100%, and the PEEP was kept at 1 hPa. The effect of the three levels of VT (factor B) on PIP was not significant (P=0.074). While the effects of f (factor A) on PETCO2 and I∶E on Pmean were significantly different among the three levels (P=0.002 and P=0.017, respectively). Conclusion The best combination of three factors-levels respiratory parameters is not small tidal volume with fast frequency or large tidal volume with slow frequency, but is A2B2C2 (f=12 bpm, VT=10 ml/kg body weight, and I∶E=1∶2.0).

Objective To investigate the relationship between apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLCs) and impaired immunity by assessing the apoptosis and expression of Fas and Bcl-2 in PBLCs of patients with secondary syphilis. Methods Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect PBLC apoptosis as well as Fas and Bcl-2 expression in 33 patients with secondary syphilis and 30 normal controls. Results The Fas expression on PBLCs and CD4+ cells was significantly higher in patients than that in controls (P 0.05). The apoptosis levels were significantly higher in PBLCs and CD4+ cells in patients than those in controls (P 0.05). In patients group, the apoptosis levels of both PBLCs and CD4+ cells had a positive correlation with the Fas expression (r = 0.68, P

Objective To evaluate multi- slice spiral CT angiography (MSCTA) in diagnosing bronchial-pulmonary shunts (BPS). Methods The materials of MSCTA images in 31 patients with DSA-confirmed BPS were retrospectively analyzed. Taking DSA imaging as the reference standard, the consistency in diagnosing BPS at different levels between MSCTA and DSA was compared. Results On MSCTA using aorta-density trigger scanning technique BPS was manifested as wrong-time enhancement of pulmonary artery branches. Wilcoxon test indicated that MSCTA had a high concordance with DSA in detecting BPS occurring at sub-segmental (or above) pulmonary artery branches (Z = -1.854, P > 0.05), but MSCTA detection of BPS occurring at peripheral pulmonary arteries was obviously poorer than DSA (Z = -3.923, P < 0.05). MSCTA confirmed the diagnosis of BPS in 11 cases with a sensitive rate of 35.5% (11/31), and no differences in revealing the number and the shunt levels of BPS existed between DSA and MSCTA. The number of abnormal systemic arteries demonstrated by MSCTA was quite the same as the number detected by DSA. No false positive case was seen. Conclusion MSCTA is very effective in diagnosing high-flow BPS locating at sub-segmental (or above) pulmonary artery branches as well as in revealing abnormal bronchus-related systemic arteries, which is very helpful in preoperatively evaluating the severity of the BP shunting and the supplying arteries to be obstructed.

Objective To investigate the effects ofTianqi-Yizhi granules on oxidative stress in the brain tissue, and learning and memory in Alzheimer's disease model rats.Methods A total of 90 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups by random number table method: sham operation group, model group, huperzine A group and groups of low-, medium- and high-doseTianqi-Yizhi granules, with 15 rats in each group. The AD rat model was prepared by the left lateral ventricle injection of amyloid-β1-42. One week after modeling, the rats in the groups of low-, medium- and high-doseTianqi-Yizhi granules received intragastric administration of 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 g/kgTianqi-Yizhi granules, respectively; the rats in the huperzine A group received intragastric administration of 0.02 mg/kg huperzine A solution; and the rats in the sham operation and model groups received intragastric administration of equivalent volume of normal saline for 30 days. Learning and memory were evaluated using the dark avoidance test. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and malonaldehyde (MDA) level in the brain tissue were determined. ResultsIn comparison with the model group, the latencies to step into the dark chamber in the high- and medium-dose Tianqi-Yizhi granules groups were significantly longer (239.05 ± 48.42 s, 214.35 ± 74.52 svs. 97.39 ± 30.69 s; allP<0.01), the numbers of errors significantly decreased (1.93 ± 3.25, 2.27 ± 3.09vs. 6.62 ± 3.45; allP<0.05), the activities of SOD (177.27 ± 63.10 U/mg, 164.53 ± 72.58 U/mgvs.72.56±21.04 U/mg; all P<0.01) and GSH-Px (2 899.36 ± 362.27 U/g, 2 407.68 ± 472.14 U/gvs. 1 397.64 ± 442.17 U/g; allP<0.01), and MDA level (24.75 ± 9.94 nmol/mg, 27.74 ± 5.82 nmol/mgvs. 37.56 ± 17.23 nmol/mg; allP<0.01) in the brain tissue significantly increased. ConclusionTianqi-Yizhi granules could attenuate oxidative stress in the brain tissue, and improve learning and memory in AD rats.

To explore the effects of extracts of Radix Scrophulariae (ERS) on blood pressure, vasoconstrictors and morphology of artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).