Objective To introduce the technique and efficacy of the treatment of avulsion fracture at tibial insertion of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) in children through internal fixation by hollow cancellous bone screw under arthroscope.Methods December 2002 ～December 2007,internal fixation using percutaneous reduction by leverage was conducted in 68 children with avulsion fracture at tibial insertion of ACL in our hospital.In 68 children,there were 29 females and 39 males,aged 6～15 years(average age of 12 years),including 22 cases of typeⅡ(with limited knee extension)and 46 cases of type Ⅲ.The fracture was fixed by hollow titanium cancellous bone screw.Results Sixty eight cases were followed up for an average of 18 months(12～36 months).The muscle tension(mea sured by KT-2000) in injured side was recovered close to the uninjured side.Excellent reduction,solid inter nal fixation,complete healing,stable knee joint and negative Lachman and drawer tests were shown in this clinical setting.No swelling,pain and knee dysfunction were found.Impingement sign at intercondylar fossa disappeared.The patients were satisfied with their functional recovery.There was no abnormal angulation and shortness.Conclusion Treatment of avulsion fracture(type Ⅱ with limited knee extension or type Ⅲ) at tibial insertion of ACL by arthroscopic internal fixation with hollow titanium alloy cancellous bone screw could obtain accurate and reliable reduction,and avoide epiphysis injury with satisfactory functional recovery.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a quantitative preliminary evaluation of introduced drugs. METHODS: A quantitative form was designed for new drugs’ preliminary evaluation, which included many factors, such as qualification of pharmaceutical factory or company, category of drugs in medical insurance, the result of the biding drugs, comparison with other drugs of the same category, PK and PD data,special use and clinical demand. Each factor was given a definite score .If the total scores of a given drug amounted to the expected figure, this drug could pass the preliminary evaluation and enter the next step, and if not, the drug may be eliminated. RESULTS&CONCLUSION: The purpose of evaluating the new drugs scientifically and objectively can be basically achieved through quantitative method, which can lessen the blindness in introduction of new drugs.

Objective To investigate the response of multiple myeloma (MM) cells to 8-chloroadenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) and the impact of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the above reaction.Methods MM-derived cell lines RPMI8226 and U266 were used as in vitro models.Cell apoptosis was evaluated according to cellular morphology and DNA content measured by flow cytometry.Meanwhile,rhodamine 123 (Rh123) staining and flow cytometry assay were used to detect the changes of mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (△ψm) in MM cells before and after the treatment.The synergic effects of 8-Cl-cAMP and As2O3 were evaluated by King' s formula.Results The 8-Cl-cAMP could induce growth inhibition of RPMI8226 and U266 cells in dose and time-related manners.The 8-Cl-cAMP could trigger apoptosis and △ψm collapse in MM cells through cellular morphology and flow cytometry analysis.As2O3 accelerated 8-Cl-cAMP-mediated apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells,but there were few synergic effects observed.Conclusion 8-Cl-cAMP could induce cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in MM cells.Mitochondria may be one of targets in 8-Cl-cAMP-mediated apoptosis.Furthermore,As2O3 catalyzes 8-Cl-cAMP-induced apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE To explore the suitable hospital infection control measures in health centers of poverty-striken villages,in order to improve the management of hospital infection,decrease hospital infection rate and protect the health of medical staff and patients.METHODS The status quo of hospital infection in health centers of poverty-striken villages,was investigated in 20 small towns health centers with were randomly divided into two groups:test group(n=15)and control group(n=5).The suitable hospital infection control measures were explored from 5 points.The effect of infection control by before-after controlled study of experimental group and randomized controlled study of control group was anal yzed.RESULTS The rate of hospital infection in test group was decreased from 7.60% to 1.98% and at in control group didn't change,the difference was significant.CONCLUSIONS The managements of establishment of the suitable hospital infection control measures in health centers of poverty-striken villages have been put into practice and gained good result.

Objective: To construct HBV adr gene vaccine pCMVS 2-S and to observe the specific humoral immune responses in C57BL/6 mice after gene immunization. Methods: The HBV gene vaccine was injected into tibialis anterior muscles of C57BL/6 mice. ELISA was used to detected the anti-HBs antibody in mice sera at various time points after gene transfer. Results: Anti-HBs in sera of mice was tested positive 1 week after plasmid injected, the level of antibody peaked 4 weeks later, and kept high titer for at least 2 months. Conclusion: The good response of humoral immunity can be induced by injection of pCMVS 2-S in C57BL/6 mice.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effects of biological artificial material (BAM)induced artificial bone in the repair of lower extremity bone defects. MethodsThe study involved 32 patients with lower extremity bone defects treated by BAM artificial bone grafting from January 2008 to December 2010.Their age was at a range of 21-77 years (mean,32.5 years).The volume of bone defects was 1.0 cm × 2.0 cm × 2.5 cm-3.0 cm × 3.5 cm × 5.0 cm ( mean,15.4 cm3 ).The main causes of bone defects were comminuted fracture,bone cyst,fibrous dysplasia,and chronic osteomyelitis.A followup was performed immediately after the surgery and at 1,2,3,5,7,9,12,18 months after surgery to observe the systemic and local reactions,changes of blood calcium/phosphorus,repair of bone defect and restoration of function of the affected extremity.ResultsAll patients were followed up for 9-18 months (mean,10.5 months).There were no local or systemic grafts rejection from the postoperative period to the last follow-up.Follow-up X-ray films showed fuzzy boundary of BAM artificial bone implantation area and bone tissues around bone defects three months postoperatively and new bone formation. Apparent bone ingrowth into the BAM artificial bone implantation area,integrated artificial bone materials and bone tissues,and basically repaired bone defects were founded six months postoperaively.The time for full weight-bearing of the affected extremity was on postoperative 2.5-4 months ( mean,3.2 months).ConclusionBAM artificial bone is characterized by good biocompatibility,osteogenesis effect and a certain stiffness and strength of inner structure and can he used to repair the lower extremity bone defects.

ObjectiveTo explore the function of intraoperative monitoring by brainstem auditory evoked potential and free electromyography during the operation of large acoustic neuroma for improving the operation more accurately and safely. MethodsThe intraoperative monitoring of affected cranial nerve and brainstem function respectively by brainstem auditory evoked potential and free electromyography was performed in 26 patients with large acoustic neuroma. According to the monitoring result the strategy and method of surgery was adjusted. Facial nerve function was assessed using the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system immediately after two weeks of surgery.Results23 cases (88 ％) achieved total resection,3 cases(12 ％)achieved subtotal resection. The facial nerve was preserved anatomically in 25 patients.According to the House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system,21 cases (80 ％) got preserve of facial nerve function in grade Ⅰ - Ⅱ, 3 cases(12 ％)got preserve of facial nerve function in grade ]Ⅲ-Ⅳ and 1 cases (4 ％) got preserve of facial nerve function in grade Ⅴ after two weeks of surgery.ConclusionIntraoperative physiological monitoring may increase the anatomical and functional preservation rate of affected cranial nerve and also may improve the operation more accurately and safely.

AIM　To investigate the structures and immunomodulation activity of four homogeneous polysaccharides: LBP 1a-1, LBP 1a-2, LBP 3a-1 and LBP 3a-2 isolated from Lycium barbarum L. brought from Zhongning County, Ningxia Province. METHODS　Their molecular weights, sugar component (constituents) and their linkages were determined by gel permeation chromatography, acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation and NMR spectrum. The activity of immunomodulation was evaluated with splenocyte proliferation by ［3H］-TDR incorperation, in vitro. RESULTS　Four polysaccharides with molecular weights 11.5×104, 9.4×104, 10.3×104 and 8.2×104, were shown to enhance splenocyte proliferation induced by ConA. LBP 1a-1 and LBP 1a-2 were α-(1→6)-D-glucans. LBP 3a-1 and LBP 3a-2 were found to be α-(1→4)-D-polygalacturonans. CONCLUSION　The four polysaccharides were first isolated from this plant. Polysaccharides with main chain of α-(1→4)-D-polygalacturonans showed stronger immunomodulation activity.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of transpedicular graft of biological artificial material (BAM) -induced artificial bone and posterior pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures.Methods A total of 72 patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures treated by transpedicular reduction by leverage,BMA-induced artificial bone grafting and posterior pedicle screw fixation from 2005 to 2010 were reviewed and followed up.The frontal and lateral X-ray radiograph of the spine was performed before and after operation and during the follow-up.The anterior and posterior height of the injured vertebrae,thoracolumbar kyphotic angle ( Cobb' s angle),ratio of anterior to posterior vertebral height were determined.Also,the America Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) scale was used to evaluate the neurological recovery and the visual analog scale (VAS) was applied to assess the back and waist pain.Results All patients were followed up for a mean period of 18.3 months,ranging from 12 to 28 months.Meanwhile,all the patients obtained bone union,with no rejection of artificial bone graft,breakage or loosening of screws,or obvious loss of both vertebrae height and deformity correction angle.Notable improvement of neurological function was achieved in all patients except for two patients with Frankel A nerve injury.The VAS score descended from pre-operative ( 8.4 ± 2.5 ) points to (2.2 ± 1.6 ) points at latest follow-up,which showed obvious alleviation of back and waist pain.Conclusions Transpedicular bone graft plus internal fixation is an effective,reasonable and easy method for managing osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures.In addition,the implanted BAM-induced artificial bone is of good biological and mechanical properties.

Objective To explore the changes of corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) levels secreted by hypothalamus neuron in children with acute brain injury. Methods Fifty-one intracranial-infection children with brain injury and 11 intracranial-noninfection children with brain injury were chosen from pediatric intensive care unit of our hospital. Severities of their brain damage were evaluated by Glasgow score,and CRF level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results There was no significant difference of Glasgow scores between the intracranial infection group and intracranial-noninfection group ( P = 0. 302 6 ), CSF CRF level of intracranial infection group was significantly lower than that of intracranial-noninfection group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ), serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels of intracranial infection group were significantly higher than those of intracranial-noninfection group ( P ＜ 0. 01,P ＜0. 001 ). As comparing to the children with Glasgow score of 6 ～ 7, the levels of CSF CRF and serum TNF-α and IL-6 in children with Glasgow score of 4 ～ 5 were significantly increased ( P ＜ 0. 05, P ＜ 0. 001 ).Conclusion CSF CRF level of the children with acute brain injury is changing, which may be concerned with the secretion of hypothalamus CRF neuron stimulated by TNF-α, IL-6 and hypoxia stress in children with brain injury.