BACKGROUND:Calcaneal fractures are often accompanied with a height reduction in the calcaneus. Compared to the intra-articular fracture with much specific operation indications, there is no standard to the reduction of calcaneal height that needs a surgery in extra-articular fractures. Therefore, it is necessary to find a more quantitative operation indication. OBJECTIVE:To explore the changes in calcaneus stress distribution along with the varying calcaneal height through finite element analysis. METHODS:A three-dimensional finite element model of the normal ankle was developed. Four finite element models with the calcaneus height decrease in 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm were developed based on the normal ankle model. And the VonMises distribution of the calcaneus, the maximal stress and its location were respectively analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the normal ankle model, the stress concentration was found in the posterior inner part of the posterior articular surface, the anterior inner part of the posterior articular facet and the calcaneocuboid articular surface. And the maximal stress was 16.608 MPa, which appeared in the posterior inner part of the posterior articular surface. The stress concentration in the calcaneocuboid articular surface disappeared when the calcaneal height decreased, and the maximal stress of the model with the calcaneal height decrease of 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm was 18.325, 19.674, 22.491 and 25.694 MPa, respectively. The results suggest that the VonMises of calcaneus concentrates and increases obviously when the calcaneal height changes. It seems that the calcaneal height should be restored to the normal level. When the reduction of the fracture is difficult, the decrease of the calcaneal height should be limited within 10 mm.

HP450 has thecharacteristic of cytochrome P450 and sensitivity to antihistmine drugs.With distinct raiiable regularity in the diverse disease modes of the rat,and some relativity to the development of liver disease,the expression and transcription of the HP450s gene have all changed in the course of the liver cancer. HP450 is possibly regarded as a new index of diagnosing liver cancer and a new target site of preventing and treating liver cancer

The IR determination of phospholipid content in Semen Zizyphi Spinosae and Fructus Psoraleae, both of which are tonics,was reported for the first time.In this method,using PC as standard sample, chloroform as solvent and the absorption band of P-O-C bond as measurement wavelength,the ab- sorptive degree was linear for concentration in ranging from 0.6mg/ml to 4.0mg/ml.The standard deviation was 0.0682.CV was 1。69%。Compared with the result obtained by colorimetric assay, this method was simpler,its result was more stable.

In this paper 100 cases of renal space-occupying lesions which had been examined before operation by sonography and verified by surgery and pathology were analysed retrospectively. Results showed 99 cases of renal space-occupying lesions and 1 case of retroperitoneal tumor. There were 2 eas-es of false negative and 1 case of false positive for the localization by ultrasound.Nephromas were found to be 92.92%(92/99)totally.in which rnalignant and benign tumors were 86.96%(80/92)and 13.04%(12/92)respectively.5 cases of misdiagnosis and 2 cases of pitfall in qualitative analysis were iden-dried by pathology.The rate of accuracy was 92%(92/100).

Objective To study a simple, safe and effective way in correction of prominent mandibular angle. Methods Curved osteotomy was employed for prominent mandibular angle through intra and extra oral approach with a small incision in 20 cases.Partial masseter resection was performed simutaneously in 5 cases with masseter hypertrophy, buccal fat pads were resected in 3 cases with broad faces, and genioplasty were performed in 3 cases with micrognathia. Nine cases only suffering from prominent mandibular angle were underwent curved osteotomy reconstruction. Results A series of 20 cases was followed up from six months to six years, in which 95 % was satisfactory.Conclusion The advantages of this method are simple, safe and symmetric with better result. It is easy to dissect under periosteum and perform curved osteotomy with less complication, quick recovery, and better contouring.

Objective: To study the effects of the total flavonoids of tartary buckwheat germ (TFTBG) on serum lipid and antioxidation in hypercholesterolemic rats. Method: According to body weight,60 Wistar rats were divided randomly into 6 groups: normal control group (NC), high-fat control group (HFC), Jiaogulan positive control group (JPC, Gynostemma pantaphyllum total glucoside tablet 0.032g/kg bw),TFTBG 1.0,0.5and TFTBG 0.2 g/kg bw (HD,MD,LD) group. Except NC group, all other groups were fed high-fat diet for hyperlipidemia model. NC group and HFC group were given distilled water 10 ml/kg bw. Water and TFTBG were given by gavage once a day for 6 w respectively. Serum TG, TC HDL-C, LDL-C, apoA1, apoB, SOD, GSH-Px and MDA were determined. Results: Compared with HFC group, serum TG ,TC were lowered significantly(P

With the advent of the cancer stem cell hypothesis,the field of cancer research has experienced a revolution in how we think of and approach cancer. The discovery of "tumor-initiating cell" has offered an explanation for several long-standing conundrums on why tumors behave the way they do to treatment. Despite the great amount of research that has been done in order to understand the molecular aspects of tumors,the prognosis of tumors remains dismal. The slow progress in extending the survival of patients with malignant tumors is very likely due to poor understanding of the cell of origin in these tumors.This review article discusses the progress in our understanding of tumor-initiating cell as the cell of origin in cancers. We review the different proposed mechanisms of how tumor-initiating cell may originate,the molecular mechanisms of cancer initiation and progression, and finally the clinical implications of this research.

Objective Via observing concentration changes of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 in hippocampus of pilocarpine treated rats after intranasal delivery of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1), to explore the possi-ble anti-epileptogenic and neuro-protective role of TGF-β1 in the epiletogenesis progression. Methods Three hours after pilocarpine induced status epilepticus, rats were treated with recombinant human TGF-β1 or the same volume of PBS by intranasal administration. Animals were executed, harvested at 24, 48, 72 h after SE individual-ly. Using the methods of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemisty (IHC), the concentrations and distribution of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 were detected in hippocampus. Results TGF-β1 could re-duce the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in the hippocampus of pilocarpine treated rats effectively (P<0.05 or P<0.01), however, TGF-β1 did not affect the expression of IL-18 significantly( P >0.05). Conclusion By the supplementation of intranasal TGF-β1, classical pro-inflammatory cytokine ( IL-1β, IL-6) are remarkably sup-pressed, TGF-β1 may exert antiepileptogenic and neuropretective effects.

[Objective]To evaluate the cytocompatibility of chitosan-alginate scaffolds through in vitro cytoxicity experiment,cell-material co-culture experiment and in vivo implantation test.[Method]Chitosan-alginate scaffolds with longitudinal,paralleled multi-channels were produced via freeze-drying. Bone marrow derived stromal cells (BMSCs) were cultivated with the leach liquor. The cytotoxicity of scaffold was analyzed using MTT assay after 1,3 and 5 days of culture.Scanning electron microscopy was conducted after 3,5 and 7 days of BMSCs culture on the chitosan-alginate scaffold in vitro. Immunofluorescence detection was performed after implanting BMSCs and chitosan-alginate scaffolds in vitro in acute hemi-transaction spinal cord injury.[Result]The cytotoxicity of chitosan-alginate scaffold was in grade 0-1. Scanning electron microscopic observation indicated that the cells adhered to and grew on the surface of scaffold,arranging in a directional manner after 3 days of co-culture. NF200 and NSE fluorescence detection proved that a great many BMSCs were survival in the scaffold after 6 weeks,and that some transplanted cells differentiated into neuron-like cells.[Conclusion]Chitosan-alginate scaffold has a satisfactory cytocompatibility and may be an ideal tissue engineering scaffold material.

A method for the infrared spectrophotometric determination of total ph-ospholipids in seed of Juglans regia and acinus of Citrullus vulgaris was reported. The average recovery of total phospholipid in this test was 97.2%, the CV was 1.66%. The contents of total phospholipid in seed of Juglans regia and acinus of Citrullus vulgaris were 438.46-528.85mg% and 241.78 -247.47mg% respectively. The rapid quantitative analysis of the distribution of various phospholipid components in these two specimens was carried out by using thin layer chromatographic scanning and the corrective method of absorbance proportional coefficient. The results showed that the main phospholipid components in both specimens were PC and PE. The fatty acid composition of the total phospholipids of both specimens were analysed by GC-MS-DS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-data system).