In order to investigate the origin and nature of AFp in the host liver cells, the authors used a double immunoenzymatic technique (PAP method) to detect and localize AFP, HBsAg, IgG and albumin.The results demonstrated that the AFP might be synthesized by the partial host liver cells.The morphologic analysis of the background of chronic liver disease and the frequence of liver cell dysplasia for the same tissue section strongly suggested that they were a kind of cells which had the preneoplastic biologic activity and the resurrection of AFP in the host hepatocytes were related to injury induced by HBV infection.

Purpose:To analyse the X-ray stereotactic treatment process during which errors induced and to establish a QA program and its checking frequency.Materials and Methods: Checking the parallelism and the asymmetry of the opposing plates containing localizing wires of the CT(MRI) stereotactic localizing frame; Checking the precision of the mechanical scaler of the target positioner; The influence of the laser alignment system in the treatment room of linear accelerator ; Determining the overall precisions available by a X-ray stereotactic treatment system; and small beam's data acquisition means, etc.Results: An overall target positions'precisions of 2.4mm,2.6mm(1mm CT slice thickness), and 3.7mm, 3.8mm (3mm CT slice thickness) for single and fractionated X-ray stereotactic irradiation respectively can be achieved if a QA program be seriously carried out.Conclusion: It is an essential to establish a comprehensive QA program to guarantee a good treatment precision of X-ray stereotactic irradiation.

Purpose: To analyze factors which influence the precision & accuracy of target positions in Alderson Head phantom and(or) patients.Materials and Methods: A target position simulator was used to determine the precision and accuracy of target localization while Alderson head phantom used to determine the overall precision and accuracy through the treatment procedure.Results: The overall precision and accuracy through the treatment procedure was found to be 1.72?0.60mm, and its contribution from CT localizing step, which was 1.4?0.3mm。Conclusion: Since there are more factors related to patients' treatment, the precision and accuracy of simulating in Alderson phantom is the best estimate for patient treatment.

Genomic imprinting plays a fundamental role in mammal fetal growth and behavior. Abnormal expression of imprinted genes is associated with some genetic diseases and cancers. Imprinted insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) controls fetal growth by regulating nutrient transportation in placenta. Paternal uniparental disomy, duplication of paternal allele and loss of imprinting are 3 molecular mechanisms of IGF-2 overexpression that can cause Beckwith-Weidemann’s syndrome (BWS). Some assisted reproductive techniques may cause some epigenetic changes that affect embryonic and postnatal development.

Objective To study if the dose verification technique for three dimensional conformal radiation therapy ( 3 DCRT) can be applied for simplified intensity modulation radiation therapy ( sIM RT). Methods From 1988 patients treated by sIMRT in our department,12 were chosen randomly for the study. For each case,3 differert plans of 3DCRT,sIMRT,and IMRT were worked out with Pinnacle TPS,and the dose verification for each plan was carried out with Elekta Precise LA by using 2D diode-matrix of MapCHECK Model 1175. Results For slMRT,the overall average percentages of pass points for DD(DTA) 2% (2 mm) ,3% (3 mm)and 4% (4 mm) were 90.5% ,94.8% and 98.2% reapectively,which were slightly worse when comparing with those of 3DCRT with deterioration of 1.9% (t=2.19,P=0.040) ,1.0% (t= 1.52,P=0.144) and 0.2% (t=0.05,P=0.623), but slightly better comparing with those of IMRT with increment of 2.1% (t=2.17,P=0.041) ,1.5% (t=2.62,P=0.016) and 1.5% (t=3.68,P=0.001) for 2% (2 mm) ,3% (3 mm) and 4% (4 mm) ,respectively. Conclusions The sIMRT technique simplifies the complicated dose verification procedure of I MRT. When the sIMRT technique is formally used, the procedure of dose distribution verification for 3DCRT can be used directly for slMRT.

Objective: To study the biodegradable of coral PLA composite artifical bone combined with bBMP or rhBMP as a new kind of bone substitute material. Methods: The composites were implanted into the muscle pouches of mice after combined with rhBMP-2 or bBMP respectively. Ectopic osteoinductive activity of rhBMP-2 or bBMP was examined and compared by histology and histo-morphometry.Results: rhBMP-2 and bBMP had different osteoinductivety. rhBMP-2 appeared to induce less bone and more angioid tissue and marrow. While bBMP seemed to have opposite effects. Conclusion: bBMP is more osteoinductive than rhBMP-2.

Objective:To investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine(NAC)on the number of Clara cells and secretion of Clara cell16000(CC16)protein in murine asthmatic model.Methods:The murine asthmatic model was established by sensitiz-ing and challenging BALB/c mice with ovalbumin(OVA).Thirty mice were divided into control,asthmatic and NAC groups (n=10). The number of Clara cells and synthesis of CC16were determined by immunohistochemistry.The CC16level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)was determined by Western blot.Results:The proportions of Clara cells in terminal and respiratory bronchioles were(58.05?3.75)%and(63.70?1.79)%in the asthmatic group,(74.54?5.81)%and (78.46?1.68)% in the control(P

Immunohistochemical localization of many sorts of tumor tissues from paraffin sections was studied using the ABC method with the monoclonal antibody secreted by the established two anti-osteosarcoma cell lines. It showed that the OS-McAb1 and OS-McAb2 had a negative reaction on the tested benign tumors and malignant tumors of epithelial tissue. Of the tested malignant tumors of mesenchyma, the antibodies had a positive reaction on some osteogenic sarcoma. They did not cross-react with various normal adult or fetal tissues, indicating that the OS-McAbs had a rather high specificity. They had a certain practical value in the immunopathologic diagnosis of malignant osteogenic tumors.

Objective: To construct HBV adr gene vaccine pCMVS 2-S and to observe the specific humoral immune responses in C57BL/6 mice after gene immunization. Methods: The HBV gene vaccine was injected into tibialis anterior muscles of C57BL/6 mice. ELISA was used to detected the anti-HBs antibody in mice sera at various time points after gene transfer. Results: Anti-HBs in sera of mice was tested positive 1 week after plasmid injected, the level of antibody peaked 4 weeks later, and kept high titer for at least 2 months. Conclusion: The good response of humoral immunity can be induced by injection of pCMVS 2-S in C57BL/6 mice.

To investigate the impact of maternal hepatitis B virus (HBV) carrier state on twin pregnancy outcomes. Methods From January 2004 to December 2012, 569 women with twin pregnancy were hospitalized in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. Thirty-two women positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)(negative for hepatitis B e antigen, with normal liver function before conception)were included in the HBsAg-positive group and the other 537 women were included in the HBsAg-negative group. The pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared by t test and Chi-square test. The risk factors for neonatal birth weight were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis. Results Compared with the HBsAg-negative group, the HBsAg-positive women had a higher incidence of abnormal liver function (alanine aminotransferase≥50 U/L) [18.8% (6/32) vs 5.8% (31/537), χ2=6.367, P=0.012]. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 21.9% (7/32) in the HBsAg-positive group, which was higher than in the HBsAg-negative group [11.6% (62/537)], although the difference was not significant (χ2=2.132, P=0.144). The incidences of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy, premature rupture of membranes, placenta previa, fetal distress, postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, caesarean section, umbilical cord around the neck, meconium-staining amniotic fluid and neonatal asphyxia were no statistical difference between two groups (all P<0.05, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis showed that gestational diabetes mellitus (β=67.869, 95%CI: 0.494-135.244, P=0.048), maternal age (β=6.592, 95%CI: 2.020-11.880, P=0.006) and gestational age (β=164.069, 95%CI:154.426-173.712, P<0.01) were risk factors for neonatal birth weight, but not the maternal HBsAg-positive status (β=78.864, 95%CI: -16.950-174.678, P=0.107). Conclusion Twin pregnancy and HBV carrier state increase the risk of abnormal liver function, but not other adverse pregnancy outcomes and newborn diseases.