This study was aimed to evaluate effect of Qinghua Granules (QHG) on glycometabolism, pancreatic islet function and oxidative stress in type-2 diabetics with heat syndrome. A total of 60 cases of type-2 diabetics with heat syndrome (according to the Syndrome Element Syndrome Differentiation) were enrolled in the clinic of the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine. The average age of enrolled cases was (57.9 ± 6.9) years. Enrolled cases were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The original hypoglycemic plan was continued to use. In the treatment group, QHG was administrated. And in the control group, placebo was given. The administration dosage in both groups was one package per day. The treatment course was 12 weeks. The fasting and postpran-dial (120 min after standard meal) blood samples before and after medication were collected. The main evalua-tion indexes were fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). The secondary evaluation indexes were homeostasis model assessment (HOMA2-%B, HOMA2-%S, HOMA2%-IR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), maleic dialdehyde (MDA), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The anal-ysis of variance was used in the comparison of efficacy between two groups . The results showed that HbA1c in the treatment group was obviously reduced, and HOMA2-%B was obviously increased. There was no significant changes in the control group ( P = 0 . 044 , P = 0 . 016 ) . In the treatment group , SOD increased obviously , MDA reduced obviously. There was no significant change in the control group. There was difference b etween two groups (P = 0.011, P = 0.049). There was no change on blood lipids or other evaluation indexes. It was conclud-ed that QHG is effective in the improvement of glycometabolism, islet β-cell functions and oxidative stress in type-2 diabetics with heat syndrome .

Objective To observe Hedgehog signaling pathways of liver cancer cell growth and the influence of the metastatic potential targeted inhibit Hedgehog.Methods Construction of Smo shRNA plasmid,The stable and low-expressed Smo-expressing HCC QGY-7701 cell line was screened after lipofection.The stable and low-expressed Smo-expressing HCC QGY-7701 cell line was screened,The cell cycle,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of QGY-7701 cells were detected by Western blot,flow cytometry,CCK8 and transwell assay.Subcutaneous implantation of hepatocarcinoma cells in nude mice.Study on the growth and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cells with low expression of Smo in.The ultrastructural changes of hepatoma cells with low expression of Smo were observed under electron microscope.Results RT-PCR and Western blot showed stable shR-Smo cell line was successfully constructed.Cell cycle test showed that compared with the control group,G0/G1 cells increased in shR-Smo,cells in S phase decreased;apoptosis,CCK8 and Transwell tests showed that Smo-gene silencing could significantly increase the apoptosis percentage of the hepatic cancer cells to (5.46％ ± 1.46％),proliferation activity decreasedand and the migration rates reduced to (7.82％ ±2.14)％;nude mice model showed that Smo-gene silencing could inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo,electron microscopy revealed that lysosomes increased significantly in Smo-gene silence cells.Conclusions Blocking Hh signaling pathways,liver cancer cells in vitro malignant degree of decline.Hedgehog in treating liver cancer have hidden meaning.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of SCF/c-Kit signaling in the invasion of bladder cancer T24 cells.

METHODSWestern blotting was used to detect the expression of c-Kit and PI3K pathway activation stimulated by stem cell factor (SCF) in T24 cells. The invasiveness of T24 cells before and after SCF stimulation and Wortmannin (aspecific PI3K inhibitor) treatment was evaluated using Transwell invasion assay (direct and indirect counting methods).

RESULTST24 cells expressed c-Kit protein and showed obvious Akt phosphorylation after stimulation with SCF (1 ng/ml) for 24 h. Compared to the control group, SCF stimulation (1 ng/ml) caused a greater number of T24 cells to migrate through the polycarbonate film (P<0.01), and this effect was blocked by the application of Wortmannin before the stimulation.

CONCLUSIONSCF/c-Kit signaling promotes the invasiveness of T24 cells, and this effect is mediated by the PI3K pathway.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cell Factor ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective:To explore the predictive values of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) in donor sera and lavage fluid on delayed graft function (DGF) in donation after circulatory death (DCD) kidney transplant recipients.Methods:A total of 33 eligible kidney donors and 33 corresponding recipients were recruited. Preoperative serum and renal perfusion fluid samples of donors were collected to determine the levels of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7. Patients were grouped according to whether DGF occurred after kidney transplantation and measured indicators analyzed. Independent sample t test was utilized for comparing the groups with normal distribution measurement data. And χ2 test was employed for comparing the groups with normal distribution counting data and Mann-Whitney test for comparing the groups with non-normal distribution measurement data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used for evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of indicators. Results:In donor-DGF group, lavage fluid TIMP-2, product of lavage fluid TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 (TIMP-2×IGFBP7), serum IGFBP7 and product of serum TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 (TIMP-2×IGFBP7) were higher than those in donor-non-DGF group ( P<0.05). The AUC of TIMP-2, TIMP-2×IGFBP7, serum IGFBP7 and serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7 in the diagnosis of DGF were 0.753 (95%CI 0.546~0.959), 0.747 (95%CI 0.510~0.984), 0.824 (95%CI 0.615~1.000) and 0.852 (95%CI 0.660~1.000) respectively. Conclusions:Donor serum IGFBP7, donor serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7, lavage fluid TIMP-2 and lavage fluid TIMP-2×IGFBP7 may be used for predicting the occurrence of early DGF after kidney transplantation. Among them, serum TIMP-2×IGFBP7 has the highest diagnostic efficiency and may be an excellent predictor of DGF occurrence.

Objective:This study is to investigate the predictive value of serum levels of TIMP-2 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7(IGFBP7) in patients with DCD(donation after cardiac death) kidney transplantation.Methods:A prospective research design was used to select DCD kidney transplant patients admitted to the Li Huili Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2018 to October 2020.Inclusion criteria: ①Complete data; ②There were no serious complications affecting the function of the transplanted kidney in the early postoperative period.Exclusion criteria: ①Incomplete data; ②Patients were unable or unwilling to cooperate with the study; ③Severe complications affecting the function of the transplanted kidney occurred early after the operation.The ELASE method was used to quantitatively detect the serum TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 levels at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after renal transplantation, and monitor the serum creatinine values during the same period and 21 days after the operation. According to the occurrence of DGF, the measured values of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 at different time points and their product's ability to predict the occurrence of DGF after kidney transplantation were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 for DGF.Results:A total of 33 patients were enrolled, 7 patients (21.2%) in the DGF group and 26 patients (78.8%) in the non-DGF group. Between the two groups, the donor glomerular filtration rate were [98.5(15.8-132.5)ml/(min·1.73m 2) and 79.1(60.6-102.5)ml/(min·1.73m 2)], recipient gender (male/female: 3/4 cases and 10/16 cases), recipient age [48(34-56) Years old and 45(23-61) years old], the recipient's preoperative creatinine [1114.0(731.4-1293.0)μmol/L and 858.4(657.6-1051.9)μmol/L], the recipient's preoperative urea nitrogen [15.0(13.2-19.6)mmol/L and 17.3(13.6-20.9)mmol/L], receptor preoperative albumin [43.5(38.5-45.3)mmol/L and 41.2(37.5-46.1) mmol/L], recipient dialysis method [hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis: 3/4 cases and 9/17 cases], warm ischemia time [6(5-7) and 5(4-6) min, there was no statistically significant difference] ( P>0.05). The values of serum IGFBP7 and TIMP-2×IGFBP7 in the DGF group were higher than those in the non-DGF group at all time points ( F=15.753, P=0.040; F=13.000, P=0.024), while serum TIMP-2 was not significant between the two groups difference ( F=1.157, P=0.075). For the diagnostic value of DGF, the AUC of serum IGFBP7 at 48 h after surgery was 0.863 (95% CI 0.696-1.000, P=0.004). When 5.97 ng/ml was used as the cut-off value, the sensitivity was 85.7% and the specificity was 80.8 %. The AUC of TIMP-2×IGFBP7 at 48 hours after surgery was 0.819 (95% CI 0.641-0.996, P=0.011). When 62.06(ng/ml) 2 was used as the cutoff value, the sensitivity was 71.4% and the specificity was 80.8%.There was no statistical difference in the area under the curve between the two ( P>0.05). There were differences in the dynamic trend of serum IGFBP7 and creatinine in the DGF group. Serum IGFBP7 at 7 days after surgery was positively correlated with creatinine at 21 days after surgery. Conclusion:Serum IGFBP7 and TIMP-2×IGFBP7 could predict the occurrence of DGF after DCD donor kidney surgery. The predictive value changes with time. Among them, 48h and 7d after surgery are the most valuable. However, serum TIMP-2 has not been found to have predictive value in this study.

Objective To explore the role of SCF/c-Kit signaling in the invasion of bladder cancer T24 cells. Methods Western blotting was used to detect the expression of c-Kit and PI3K pathway activation stimulated by stem cell factor (SCF) in T24 cells. The invasiveness of T24 cells before and after SCF stimulation and Wortmannin (aspecific PI3K inhibitor) treatment was evaluated using Transwell invasion assay (direct and indirect counting methods). Results T24 cells expressed c-Kit protein and showed obvious Akt phosphorylation after stimulation with SCF (1 ng/ml) for 24 h. Compared to the control group, SCF stimulation (1 ng/ml) caused a greater number of T24 cells to migrate through the polycarbonate film (P<0.01), and this effect was blocked by the application of Wortmannin before the stimulation. Conclusion SCF/c-Kit signaling promotes the invasiveness of T24 cells, and this effect is mediated by the PI3K pathway.

Objective To explore the role of SCF/c-Kit signaling in the invasion of bladder cancer T24 cells. Methods Western blotting was used to detect the expression of c-Kit and PI3K pathway activation stimulated by stem cell factor (SCF) in T24 cells. The invasiveness of T24 cells before and after SCF stimulation and Wortmannin (aspecific PI3K inhibitor) treatment was evaluated using Transwell invasion assay (direct and indirect counting methods). Results T24 cells expressed c-Kit protein and showed obvious Akt phosphorylation after stimulation with SCF (1 ng/ml) for 24 h. Compared to the control group, SCF stimulation (1 ng/ml) caused a greater number of T24 cells to migrate through the polycarbonate film (P<0.01), and this effect was blocked by the application of Wortmannin before the stimulation. Conclusion SCF/c-Kit signaling promotes the invasiveness of T24 cells, and this effect is mediated by the PI3K pathway.

Objective:To analyze the lympho-vascular space invasion (LVSI) in different molecular subtypes of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer (EC) and to evaluate the prognostic value of LVSI in EC patients with different molecular subtypes.Methods:A total of 258 patients diagnosed EC undergoing surgery in Peking University People′s Hospital from January 2016 to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Among 258 patients, 14 cases were classified as POLE-ultramutated subtype, 43 as high-microsatellite instability (MSI-H) subtype, 155 as copy-number low (CNL) subtype, and 46 as copy-number high (CNH) subtype. Fifty-four patients were positive for LVSI, while 203 tested negative.Results:(1) The incidence of LVSI was found to be highest in the CNH subtype (32.6%,15/46), followed by the MSI-H subtype (27.9%, 12/43), the CNL subtype (16.9%, 26/154), and the POLE-ultramutated subtype (1/14), with statistically significant differences ( χ2=7.79, P=0.044). (2) Staging and deep myometrial invasion were higher in the LVSI positive group than those in the LVSI negative group (all P<0.05), except for the POLE-ultramutated subtype. The grade, lymph node metastasis, and the expression of nuclear antigen associated with cell proliferation (Ki-67) were significantly higher in LVSI positive patients than those in LVSI negative EC patients with both MSI-H and CNL subtypes (all P<0.05). In CNL subtypes patients, LVSI was also associated with age, histology subtype,and progesterone receptor (PR; all P<0.05). (3) Of the 257 EC patients, 25 cases recurred during the follow-up period, with a recurrence rate of 9.7% (25/257); among them, the recurrence rate of LVSI positive patients was 22.2% (12/54), which was significantly higher than those with LVSI negative (6.4%, 13/203; χ2=12.15, P<0.001). During the follow-up period, none of the 14 patients with POLE-ultramutated had recurrence; among CNL patients, the recurrence rate was 19.2% (5/26) in LVSI positive patients, which was significantly higher than that in LVSI negative ones (5.5%, 7/128; χ2=3.94, P=0.047); where as no difference were found in both MSI-H [recurrence rates in LVSI positive and negative patients were 2/12 and 9.7% (3/31), respectively] and CNH subtype [recurrence rates between LVSI positive and negative patients were 5/15 and 9.7% (3/31), respectively] EC patients (both P>0.05). After log-rank test, the 3-year recurrence free survival (RFS) rate were significantly lower in LVSI positive patients from CNL subtype and CNH subtype than those in LVSI negative patients (CNL: 80.8% vs 94.5%; CNH: 66.7% vs 90.3%; both P<0.05). (4) Lymph node metastasis ( HR=6.93, 95% CI: 1.15-41.65; P=0.034) had a significant effect on the 3-year RFS rate of EC patients with MSI-H subtype. Multivariate analysis revealed that PR expression ( HR=0.04, 95% CI: 0.01-0.14; P<0.001) was significantly associated with the 3-year RFS rate of CNL subtype patients. Conclusions:LVSI has the highest positivity rate in CNH subtype, followed by MSI-H subtype, CNL subtype, and the lowest positivity rate in POLE-ultramutated subtype. LVSI is significantly associated with poor prognosis in CNL subtype patients and may affect the prognosis of CNH subtype patients. However, LVSI is not an independent risk factor for recurrence across all four TCGA molecular subtypes.

Myosin light chain 9 (MYL9) is a regulatory light chain of myosin, which plays an important role in various biological processes including cell contraction, proliferation and invasion. MYL9 expresses abnormally in several malignancies including lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, malignant melanoma and others, which is closely related to the poor prognosis, but the clinical significance for its expression varies with different types of cancer tissues. Further elucidating the molecular mechanism of MYL9 in various types of malignant tumor metastasis is of great significance for cancer prevention and treatment. At the same time, as a molecular marker and potential target, MYL9 may have great clinical value in the early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and targeted treatment of malignant tumors.
Biomarkers ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Myosin Light Chains/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Prostatic Neoplasms

Objective: To investigate the effect of AKT1 deSUMOylation induced by Ubc9 silencing on the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. Methods: The Ubc9 gene was silenced using RNA interference, and the expression levels of Ubc9, SUMO1 and AKT1 protein were detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation and cell cycle was analyzed by MTT and flow cytometry. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to detect the cell migration ability. Furthermore, the xenograft model was established, and tumor growth curves were drawn. The in situ apoptotic rates was measured using TUNEL Apoptosis Assay. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. Results: Knockdown of Ubc9 gene significantly decreased the protein expression levels of Ubc9, conjugated SUMO1, free SUMO1 and AKT1 in HCC cells (P<0.05 for all). In control, siR-neg and siR-Ubc9 groups, the cell proliferation indexes were 53.19%, 54.25% and 39.17%, respectively. Moreover, cell migration distance and migrating cells per low power field for all these three groups were (59.47±4.66) μm and 89.44±8.36, (56.56±5.37) μm and 93.84±8.79, as well as (34.57±6.61) μm and 41.67±5.39, respectively. In the xenograft model, the weights of subcutaneous tumors for these three groups were (3.78±0.69) g, (3.72±0.72) g and (2.09±0.61) g, respectively. The corresponding apoptotic cell rates were (7.79±2.21)%, (6.45±2.48)% and (33.59±5.44)%, respectively. The expression levels of PCNA, MMP-2 and MMP-9 protein were significantly decreased in siR-Ubc9 group (P<0.05). Conclusions Ubc9 silencing in HCC cells induces AKT1 deSUMOylation, and then inhibits the proliferation and metastasis. These results provide a new therapeutic strategy for liver cancer in the future.