Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Nose ; Surgical Instruments

Objective To study the expressions of casein kinase 2α(Ck2α),β-catenin, survivin in ovarian cancer tissue and analyze the relationships between them, and to explore the clinical application value. Methods Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the expressions of Ck2α,β-catenin and survivin in 8 cases of simple ovarian cysts tissue,8 cases of ovarian benign tumor tissue and 29 cases of ovarian cancer tissue;the correlations of the expressions of Ck2α,β-catenin,survivin in ovarian cancer tissue and their associations with the clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed.Results The expression levels of Ck2α,β-catenin and survivin in ovarian cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in simple ovarian cysts tissue and ovarian benign tumor tissue(P<0.05);the Ck2αexpression level in ovarian cancer tissue was positively corelated with the expression levels ofβ-catenin and survivin(r=0.438,r=0.479,P<0.05);the expression levels of Ck2α,β-catenin and survivin in low-medium differentiation group were significantly higher than those in high differentiation group (P<0.05);the expression levels of Ck2α,β-catenin and survivin in stagesⅡandⅢ group were significantly higher than those in stage Ⅰ group(P<0.05).Conclusion The protein expression levels of Ck2α,β-catenin and survivin are increased in ovarian cancer tissue, and three are positive corelations between them;Ck2α,β-catenin and survivin may play an important role in the occurrence and development of ovarian cancer;the combined detection of them has important clinical value.

Objective To evaluate the effects of different ratios of medicine dosage for isoflurane and propofol on postoperative cognitive function of rats with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods Healthy male Wistar rats,aged 16-18 months,were used in the study.MCI model was established by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries.One hundred and fifty rats with MCI were divided into 5 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S),isoflurane group (group I),propofol group (group P) and different ratios of medicine dosage for isoflurane and propofol groups (IP1,2 groups).The rats inhaled 1.9％ isoflurane for 3 h in group I.Propofol 40 mg · kg-1 · h-1 was infused intravenously for 3 h in group P.The rats inhaled 1.0％ isoflurane,and propofol 20 mg · kg 1 · h-1 was infused intravenously for 3 h in group IP1.The rats inhaled 1.4％ isoflurane,and propofol 10 mg· kg-1 · h-1 was infused intravenously for 3 h in group IP2.After disappearance of eyelash reflex,open reduction and internal fixation was performed after tibial fracture was induced.On 7 days after operation,contextual fear conditioning test and Y maze test were used to assess the cognitive function,and hippocampal tissues were obtained to count the viable neurons (using Nissl's staining) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-12 positive neurons (by immunofluorescence) in hippocampal CA1 region.Results Compared with group S,the rate of time spent in N arm,the rate of time spent freezing,and the number of viable neurons were significantly decreased,and the number of CHOP and caspase-12 positive neurons were significantly increased in IP2,I and P groups (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group IP1 (P＞0.05).Compared with group IP1,the rate of time spent in N arm,the rate of time spent freezing,and the number of viable neurons were significantly decreased,and the number of CHOP and caspase-12 positive neurons was significantly increased in IP2,I and P groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group IP2,the rate of time spent in N arm,the rate of time spent freezing,and the number of viable neurons were significantly decreased,and the nunber of CHOP and caspase-12 positive neurons was significantly increased in I and P groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Combination of 1.0％ isoflurane and propofol 20 mg · kg-1 · h-1 does not aggravate the postoperative cognitive dysfunction of the rats with MCI.

Objective To investigate the appropriate compatibility of appropriate compatibility of sevoflurane and propofol for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion in order to protect their cognitive function.Methods Eighty patients, 41 males, 39 females, aged 65-75 years, BMI 17-26 kg/m2, ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, scheduled to undergo elective posterior lumbar interbody fusion, were to be scored according to Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), mini mental state examination (MMSE), dementia scale (CDR) and daily living ability scale (ADL) to identify patients with MCI before the surgery.They were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table: TCI propofol 2.0-2.5 μg/ml group (group P), TCI propofol 1.2 μg/ml+sevoflurane 0.6 MAC group (group PS1), TCI propofol 0.6 μg/ml+sevoflurane 0.9 MAC group (group PS2), 1.0-1.5 MAC sevoflurane group (group S).MoCA and MMSE were used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients 1 d before the operation (T0), after patients become wide-awake (T1), 3 d and 7 d after operation (T2 and T3).Apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) concentration related to cognitive function in blood samples, which were drawn at T0-T3 would be measured with ELISA method.Results Compared with T0, the scores of MMSE and MoCA in four groups decreased significantly (P＜0.05) at T1, the scores of MMSE and MoCA in group S decreased significantly (P＜0.05) at T2;compared with T1, the score of MMSE in the four groups increased significantly at T2, T3 (P＜0.05).The scores of MMSE at T1, T3 in group S decreased significantly compared with groups P, PS1 and PS2 (P＜0.05).The scores of MoCA at T2, T3 in group S decreased significantly compared with groups P, PS1 and PS2 (P＜0.05).Compared with T0, the concentration of plasma ApoJ in the four groups increased significantly at T1 (P＜0.05).Compared with T1, the concentration of plasma ApoJ in the four groups decreased significantly at T2 and T3 (P＜0.05).Compared with group PS1, the concentration of plasma ApoJ at T1, T3 increased significantly in groups S and group PS2 (P＜0.05).Conclusion TCI propofol 1.2 μg/ml combined with 0.6 MAC sevoflurane group is the appropriate compatibility of sevoflurane and propofol for patients with MCI undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion,because it has less negative influence on cognitive function and lower concentration of plasma ApoJ.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of the lienal polypeptide injection combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy on the short-term efficacy, Karnofsky score, immune function and adverse reactions in treatment of various cancers. Methods The databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP were retrieved from database establishing time to January 2017, and the randomized controlled trials (RCT) about lienal polypeptide injection combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced cancer were collected. The quality assessment was conducted and eligible trials were included in the Meta-analysis. Results A total of 23 articles were included, involving 1658 patients. The patients were divided into treatment group (lienal polypeptide injection combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, 842 cases) and control group (chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone, 816 cases). Results of Meta-analysis showed that the short-term effective rate (RR = 1.20, 95％ CI 1.07-1.33, P = 0.001), the improvement rate of Karnofsky score (RR = 1.77, 95％ CI 1.43-2.19, P < 0.05) and immune function related indicators: CD3+ (MD = 9.48, 95％ CI 6.76-12.20, P < 0.01), CD4+ (MD = 7.54, 95％ CI 5.38-9.71, P < 0.01), NK cells (MD = 4.47, 95％CI 3.45-5.48, P < 0.01) and CD4 +/CD8 + (MD = 0.33, 95％ CI 0.25-0.42, P < 0.01) in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant. The incidence of nausea and vomiting (RR = 0.51, 95％ CI 0.35-0.73, P = 0.0002) and bone marrow suppression (RR = 0.41, 95％ CI 0.25, 0.68, P = 0.0006) in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statisticallysignificant. There was no statistical difference in CD8+ level and the incidence of neurotoxicity, diarrhea, oral mucositis and hepatic injury between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusion Lienal polypeptide injection combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy is superior to conventional radiotherapy or chemotherapy alone in the treatment of cancer, which can improve the quality of life of patients with tumors, reduce the incidence of nausea and vomiting and bone marrow suppression induced by the treatment.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of metformin on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. Methods The databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials, ScineceDirect, CBM, CNKI, Wanfang database and VIP were electronically searched from their inception to April 18, 2018 to collect the studies about the effect of metformin on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers screened the literatures independently, extracted data and assessed methodological quality. The meta-analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.1 software. Results A total of 2 randomized controlled trials and 17 cohort studies involving 8929 patients were included. The meta-analysis showed that compared with control group, the metformin group marked increase in pathologic complete remission (pCR) rate (RR=2.97, 95％CI 1.80-4.90, P<0.01) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) time was prolong significantly (RR= 0.70, 95％CI 0.57-0.87, P= 0.001). Subgroup analysis of the overall survival (OS) time according to different areas showed that the metformin group's OS time was prolong significantly (Europe and America studies subgroup: RR=0.75, 95％CI 0.65-0.86, P<0.01; Asian studies subgroup:RR=0.48, 95％CI 0.37-0.61, P<0.001). Conclusion The use of metformin is positive for the prognosis of patients with breast cancer, it may improve the pCR rate, CSS and OS time of patients.

Objective:To systematically review the relationship between CYP3A4*1G gene polymorphism and the analgesic effect of fentanyl-related drugs.Methods:The related literature about the effect of gene polymorphism on analgesic effect of fentanyl-related drugs published at home and abroad was searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang and China Biomedical Literature databases from database establishment to August 2019. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers screened the literature independently, extracted the data and evaluated the methodological quality. Data analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.1 software.Results:Six literature was enrolled with 1 050 cases, including 543 cases of wild-type homozygote (CC), 437 cases of heterozygote (CG) and 70 cases of mutant homozygote (GG). The results showed that there was no significant difference in pain score between the three groups in a pairwise comparison at 24 hours after operation (all P > 0.05), but the consumption of fentanyl-related drugs in GG group was lower than that in CC group and CG group, and the differences were statistically significant [GG group vs. CC group: standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.78, 95% CI -1.03- -0.52, P<0.01; GG group vs. CG group: SMD = -0.61, 95% CI -0.87- -0.35, P<0.01]. Conclusions:CYP3A4*1G gene polymorphism can affect the postoperative analgesia effect of fentanyl-related drugs. With the same analgesic effect, the consumption of fentanyl-related drugs in GG patients is reduced.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of SCF/c-Kit signaling in the invasion of bladder cancer T24 cells.

METHODSWestern blotting was used to detect the expression of c-Kit and PI3K pathway activation stimulated by stem cell factor (SCF) in T24 cells. The invasiveness of T24 cells before and after SCF stimulation and Wortmannin (aspecific PI3K inhibitor) treatment was evaluated using Transwell invasion assay (direct and indirect counting methods).

RESULTST24 cells expressed c-Kit protein and showed obvious Akt phosphorylation after stimulation with SCF (1 ng/ml) for 24 h. Compared to the control group, SCF stimulation (1 ng/ml) caused a greater number of T24 cells to migrate through the polycarbonate film (P<0.01), and this effect was blocked by the application of Wortmannin before the stimulation.

CONCLUSIONSCF/c-Kit signaling promotes the invasiveness of T24 cells, and this effect is mediated by the PI3K pathway.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cell Factor ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the effects of different ratios of medicine dosage for propofol and sevoflurane on postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment.Methods Ninety-six patients of both sexes,aged 65-75 yr,weighing 60-80 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective lower limb fracture operation under general anesthesia,with mild cognitive impairment before surgery,were assigned into 4 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:propofol group (group P),sevoflurane group (group S) and different ratios of medicine dosage for propofol and sevoflurane groups (group PS1 and group PS2).Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the cognitive function of patients at 1 day before operation (T0) and 7 days after operation (T1).Venous blood samples were collected at T0 and T1 for determination of the concentrations of plasma apolipoprotein J (ApoJ) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with group S,MMSE and MoCA scores were significantly increased and plasma concentrations of ApoJ and sCD14 were decreased at T1,and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction was decreased in P,PS1 and PS2 groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group PS1,MMSE and MoCA scores were significantly decreased and the plasma concentrations of ApoJ and sCD14 were increased at T1,and the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction was increased in P and PS2 groups (P＜0.05).MMSE and MoCA scores were significantly lower and plasma concentrations of ApoJ and sCD14 were higher at T1 than at T0 in S,P and PS2 groups (P＜0.05),and there was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between T1 and T0 in group PS1 (P＞0.05).Conclusion Combination of propofol 1.2 μg/ml given by target-controlled infusion and 0.7-1.2％ sevoflurane inhalation for maintenance of anesthesia does not aggravate the postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Objective:To investigate the etiological diagnostic value of metagenomic sequencing in central nervous system (CNS) infectious diseases.Methods:A total of 170 patients with central nervous system infection admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to June 2020 were selected as the study subjects according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. General clinical data and pathogen test results were collected. All included patients underwent routine examination and mNGS test, and were divided into the conventional method test group and mNGS test group according to the test results. The measurement data conforming to normal distribution were represented by ± s; The measurement data that did not conform to normal distribution were represented by median and interquartile range. The classification data were expressed by the number of cases and percentage( n,%), and were compared by χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Consistency test was represented by Kappa value. The detection of pathogenic microorganisms by the two methods and the rule of pathogen spectrum were compared and analyzed. Results:The overall positive rate of mNGS in CNS infectious diseases was higher than that of conventional methods (58.23% vs. 18.82%), and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Among the 20 samples which were both positive by the two methods, 10 cases were completely pathogenic, 5 cases were partially consistent and 5 cases were completely inconsistent. In the detection of tuberculous nervous system infection, the positive rates were 66.7%, 53.8%, 44.0%, 40.0%, 4.0% in blood T-SPOT, cerebrospinal fluid mNGS, ADA, Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA and tuberculous specific antibody, respectively. The positive rate of acid-fast staining was 0. The positive rate of mNGS combined with conventional method was 80.8%. Conclusions:The detection rate of mNGS in CNS infection is better than that of conventional methods. However, it does not show obvious superiority in the detection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated nervous system infection. In general, mNGS detection of pathogenic bacteria is more extensive, which is conducive to a thorough and comprehensive understanding of the bacterial characteristics of central nervous system infection. The combination of the two methods can make up for the deficiency of clinical routine detection to a certain extent, and can maximize the detection rate.