No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Schizophrenia*

No abstract available.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease affecting blood vessels and connective tissue, which are damaged by deposition of pathogenic autoantibodies and immune complexes. Although a complex disease, SLE provides a number of insights into autoimmune pathogenesis. Autoimmune disease, in general, is characterized by B cell hyperactivity which results in hypergammaglobulinemia and production of a variety of autoantibodies reactive to organ-nonspecific antigens such as DNA, RNA, and cell membrane structures. SLE patients usually show a marked increase in the number of activated and immunoglobulin-producing circulating B cells. Recently, cytokines with specific effects on immune regulation have been detected and extensively studied. One of them, Interleukin-6 (IL-6), is an activated monocyte derived factor which stimulates B cell growth and differentiation. We investigated the serum IL-6 levels of SLE patients in an attempt to demonstrate their relationship with the patients' clinical manifestation, and the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), circulating immune complexes (CICs,) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R). The study subjects consisted of 22 patients with SLE who had visited Severance Hospital from July 1986 to September 1987 and 10 normal controls. The patients' sera were stored at -70degrees C and later analyzed. The serum levels of IL-6 were measured by ELISA method with Inter Test-6X Human IL-6 ELISA kit; the serum CRP levels by fluorescence polarization immunoassay; the serum CIC levels by solid phase Clp binding assay; and the serum sIL-2R levels ELISA method. The results were as follows: The mean serum IL-6 level of SLE patients (1,366 pg/ml) was higher that of the controls (98pg/ml) (p<0.05). Among the SLE patients studied. the mean serum IL-6 level was higher in those with vasculitis than those without. ln the SLE patients studied. a linear correlation was present between the measured serum IL-6 and CIC levels; however no correlation was present either between IL-6 and CRP levels, or between IL-6 level and platelet count. The mean sIL-2R level of the SLE patients studied (1,864 U/ml) was higher than that of the controls (300 U/ml). However, in the SLE patients studied, no correlation was present between the serum IL-6 and sIL-2R levels measured. The high serum IL-6 level might play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE.
Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Autoantibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases ; B-Lymphocytes ; Blood Vessels ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cell Membrane Structures ; Connective Tissue ; Cytokines ; DNA ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay ; Humans ; Hypergammaglobulinemia ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-6* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Monocytes ; Platelet Count ; RNA ; Vasculitis

No abstract available.
Killer Cells, Natural* ; Lymphocytes* ; Lymphocytes, Null* ; Schizophrenia*

Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) for inflammatory diseases. In this report, we report a serious adverse event (AE) occurred during the phase I clinical trial for a new sustained-release (SR) formulation of aceclofenac. There was a serious adverse event (AE), agranulocytosis, induced by aceclofenac SR form. An open-labeled, repeated-doses, randomized, crossover study was conducted at Kyung Hee University Hospital and 26 Korean healthy male volunteers were enrolled. All subjects received both aceclofenac SR 200 mg once daily and aceclofenac IR 100 mg twice daily for 4 days with 11 days washout period. After 11 days washout period, one subject showed a serious decrease in the segment neutrophil (267/mm3) on a laboratory test prior to the reference drug administration in period 2. We first report a case of agranulocytosis, during a phase I clinical trial.
Agranulocytosis* ; Cross-Over Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Neutrophils ; Volunteers

For many years permanent soft denture liners has been widely used in dental practice directly or indirectly because of its function in absorbing and distributing the impact force. However, it reveals problems such as lack of permanency and decreased bond strength in long term use. The purpose of this study is to measure the bond strength and failure between denture base resin and several permanent liners. Lucitone 199 was used as denture base resin with soft acrylic liners (Triad, Tokuso Rebase) and silicone elastomers (Tokuyama, Ufi Gel C) bonded to measure the tensile strength before and after thermocycling. The thermocycling was done in 2000 cycles at 5degrees C, 26degrees C and 55degrees C and the measured tensile strength values before and after thermocycling were compared. The mode of failure was investigated in the separated specimens. The results are as follows. 1. As to tensile strength, the strongest material is Tokuso Rebase followed by Triad, Tokuyama, Ufi Gel C in before thermocycling and the order of Triad, Tokuso Rebase, Tokuyama, Ufi Gel C in after thermocycling state. There was significant difference between the values of Triad, Tokuso Rebase and Tokuyama, Ufi Gel C(p<0.05). 2. As to degree of displacement, Ufi Gel C showed most displacement with or without thermocycling treatment and also the difference was significant with the other materials(p<0.05). 3. As to comparisons before and after thermocycling, Tokuso Rebase and Tokuyama showed significant difference in bond strength, whereas Triad and Tokuso Rebase showed significant difference in the degree of displacement(p<0.05). 4. In debonded specimens, Triad and Ufi Gel C showed adhesion failure and Tokuyama showed cohesion failure. Both failures were observed in Tokuso Rebase with adhesion failure up to 70%. The results of this study showed that degree of bond strength between permanent soft denture liner and denture base resin were variable. There was a significant difference between soft acrylics and silicone elastomers with regard to bond strength. Further research in improving bond strength of widely used silicone elastomers and in developing the method of measuring bond strength between denture base resin and the lining materials is needed.
Denture Bases* ; Denture Liners* ; Dentures* ; Silicone Elastomers ; Tensile Strength

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of currently used elastomeric impression materials for complete arch impression taking. Five elastomers (Impregum, Permlastic, Express, Extrude, Examix) and one Irreversible hydrocolloid (Aroma-fine) were tested. For each material, 5 impressions were made of stainless steel model to which five tapered posts were attached. Custom trays were used for polyether and polysulfide impression materials, and putty/wash two step technique was used for addition polyvinylsiloxane impression materials. Improved stone models were poured to all impressions. Accuracy of the materials was assessed by measuring ten distances on stone dies poured from impressions of the master model. All measurements for master and improved stone models were with three dimensional measuring machine. The results were as follows 1. The dimensional accuracy of polyether, extrude, and examix were significantly superior to polysulfide, exress, and alginate in reproducing full arch mode (p<0.05). 2. There were no statistical differences in dimensional accuracy for full arch impression between polyether, extrude and examix (p>0.05). 3. there were no statistical differences in dimensional accuracy between polysulfide, express, and alginate (p>0.05). 4. There were no statistical differences between addition polyvinyl siloxane materials (p>0.05). 5. There were no statistical differences between anterior-posterior and lateral dimensional changes of all impression materials (p>0.05).
Colloids ; Elastomers* ; Polyvinyls ; Siloxanes ; Stainless Steel

Computed tomography(CT) has enabled early recognition and treatment of focal injuries in patients with head trauma. However, CT has been less beneficial in identifying diffuse brain injury(DBI). The authors have analyzed retrospectively, a series of 132 patients with OBI observed for 2 years from Aug. 1986 to Jul. 1988 to evaluate the significance of the factors affecting outcome. Eighty-three patients were selected as being compatible with moderate and severe diffuse axonal injury(DAI) classified by Gennarelli, defined by coma without a CT lesion that is an obvious cause and coma greater than 24 hr with or without decerebration. The results are summarized as follows: 1) The 38(45.7%) out of 83 patients were found below age of 20, but there was no statistical significance between age distribution and outcome. 2) In case of initial Glasgow coma scale(GCS) of 7 or 8, 32(86.5%) out of 37 patients revealed good outcome, but 18(90%) of 20 patients with a score of 3 or 4 revealed poor outcome(p<0.01). 3) With regard to brain swelling in CT, there was significant statistical difference to outcome(p<0.05). 4) Small hemorrhages on corpus callosum, basal ganglia, basal cistern, peritentorial, lateral ventricle that is characteristic CT findings for DAI were showed 58(70%) out of all cases. It might be concluded that initial GCS, brain swelling and small hemorrhages in CT were significant factors affecting outcome in DAI.
Age Distribution ; Axons ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Injuries* ; Coma ; Corpus Callosum ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diffuse Axonal Injury ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lateral Ventricles ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Sutures*